信息化与工业化融合在油田改制机械制造业的应用

两化融合是信息化和工业化高层次的深度结合,是指以信息化带动工业化、以工业化促进信息化,走新型工业化道路。文章对油田改制机械制造业实施两化融合的必要性,目前企业的信息化背景,如何实现两化融合,以及两化融合实施后的效益等问题进行了分析。     

信息技术是稳增长调结构的战略支点

从党的十六大提出“以信息化带动工业化，以工业化促进信息化”，到十七大提出“大力推进信息化与工业化融合”，再到十七届五中全会进一步明确要求“推动信息化和工业化深度融合”……党中央、国务院一直高度重视信息化和工业化融合在我国现代化建设中的战略地位，并将其作为中国特色新型工业化道路的重要内容和促进工业由大变强的战略路径。     

两化融合 物联网助推能源行业发展

<正>物联网发展促进两化融合两化融合是信息化和工业化的深度结合,是指以信息化带动工业化、以工业化促进信息化,走新型工业化道路。两化融合的核心就是信息化支撑,追求可持续发展模式。经过长期发展和完善,两化融合的理论逐渐成熟。物联网技术是对两化融合的补充和提升。顾名思义,物联网就是物物相连的互联网。物联网的核心和基础仍然是互联网,     

信息化如何助力小微企业发展

党的十八大报告提出“坚持走中国特色新型工业化、信IP息化、城镇化、农业现代化道路,推动信息化和工业化深度融合;支持小微企业特别是科技型小微企业发展。”推进小微企业信息化,通过信息化手段促进小微企业的发展,是新时期推动信息化和工业化深度融合的重中之重。这是因为大中型企业的信息化意识较强,信息化专业力量比较雄厚;而小微企业信息化意识弱,且普遍面临“三缺”,     

信息化与工业化深度融合发展的问题研究

信息科技是最活跃、发展最迅猛、影响最广泛和最深刻的科技领域,信息科技在经济社会发展、人类文明进程中发挥了更加明显的主导作用,分析了信息化与工业化深度融合发展的内涵,二者具有内在的联系,探讨了信息化与工业化深度融合,加快经济社会各领域的信息化建设,保障综合国力持续增强的途径、思路。     

新型工业化、信息化、新型城镇化、农业现代化互动耦合机理研究

文章依据十八大报告提出的“新型工业化、信息化、新型城镇化、农业现代化同步发展”战略思想,界定了新型工业化、信息化、新型城镇化、农业现代化的基本内涵,系统探究了四者之间的耦合互动机理和规律,建立了四者之间的耦合关系模型,为我国同步推进“新四化”,实现信息化和工业化的深度融合、工业化和新型城镇化的良性互动以及新型城镇化和农业现代化的相互协调提供了理论依据。     

信息化与工业化融合对经济发展的拉动影响研究

推动信息化和工业化深度融合是“四化”同步发展的重要引擎，有助于以信息化带动工业化，以工业化促进信息化，从而促进我国经济健康可持续发展。文章在前人研究的基础上，首先采用因子分析方法构建适用于评估两化融合程度的综合指标，其次将C-D生产函数与多层线性模型结合，提出多层C-D生产函数，最后实证研究了2001年以来信息化与工业化融合对我国经济发展的拉动影响。研究结果表明：经历了“十五”和“十一五”，信息化与工业化实现了快速融合，此融合也为二者未来的深入发展创造了动力；劳动和资本对我国经济的拉动作用呈现稳定或逐年降低的趋势，信息化在与工业化融合的过程中对我国经济发展的拉动作用则进一步加强并逐年递增。     

供电企业两化深度融合背景下的复合型信息化人才培养

在信息化与工业化深度融合的大环境下，复合型信息化人才的稀缺已成为供电企业发展瓶颈，应重视并从多方面开展复合型信息化人才培养，全面提升人才素质质量，积极推动供电企业的两化深度融合。     

论我国新型工业化道路的选择

党的十八大报告指出：“坚持走中国特色新型工业化、信息化、城镇化、农业现代化道路,推动信息化和工业化深度融合、工业化和城镇化良性互动、城镇化和农业现代化相互协调,促进工业化、信息化、城镇化、农业现代化同步发展。”这段重要论述是对“四化”相互关系的深刻分析,也强调了中国特色新型工业化道路的重要性。     

基于BOD改进算法的"两化"融合测度评价及对策研究 ——以辽宁省为例

当前,信息化和工业化的深度融合是实现智能制造的重要途径。文章利用改进BOD算法,根据辽宁省特征设计一套专门的指标体系,对信息化和工业化的融合水平测度展开研究,并提出相应对策。研究结果表明,"两化"融合水平指数将辽宁省城市划分为三个等级,不同等级城市应实行有针对性的融合策略。     

Incumplimiento del salario mínimo en Europa central y oriental

En este estudio se analiza el incumplimiento del salario mínimo durante el periodo 2003–2012 en diez países de Europa central y oriental con salario mínimo obligatorio nacional. A partir de los datos de EU‐SILC y la metodología propuesta por Bhorat, Kanbur y Mayet (2013), se cuantifica la incidencia y magnitud del incumplimiento. Se realizan análisis de regresión sobre determinantes individuales, laborales y macroeconómicos. Aunque la incidencia permanece relativamente baja, los trabajadores a los que se dirigen las políticas de salario mínimo parecen los más expuestos a su incumplimiento. Con el tiempo, una mayor incidencia se asocia a una razón más alta entre salario mínimo y salario medio.     

Cultural Economy Planning in Creative Cities: Discourse and Practice

While a growing body of research analyses the functional mechanisms of the cultural or creative economy, there has been little attention devoted to understanding how local governments translate this work into policy. Moreover, research in this vein focuses predominately on Richard Florida's creative class thesis rather than considering the wider body of work that may influence policy. This article seeks to develop a deeper understanding of how municipalities conceptualize and plan for the cultural economy through the lens of two cities held up as model ‘creative cities’ — Austin, Texas and Toronto, Ontario. The work pays particular attention to how the cities adopt and adapt leading theories, strategies and discourses of the cultural economy. While policy documents indicate that the cities embrace the creative city model, in practice agencies tend to adapt conventional economic development strategies for cultural economy activity and appropriate the language of the creative city for multiple purposes.     

Input/output ranges and performance: an examination of US machine tool producers

Despite the establishment of high-tech multinational enterprises (MNEs) in Ireland since the late 1950s, the country did not succeed in closing the technological gap with most of its EU counterparts. The weak National System of Innovation (NSI), and in particular low business and government R&D levels, combined with a lack of research and technology linkages between MNEs and indigenous firms, explain these poor results. However, the Shannon region in the West of the country presents some specific institutional characteristics that could theoretically make the region a strong technological enclave. The various actors in the region - i.e. the administrative, financial, political and research institutions, as well as the business organizations - have indeed infused a new type of economic development. After a brief review of the available concepts and models articulated around these actors and their interrelationships, the paper analyses whether the Shannon region, taken as an illustrative example, mirrors a specific economic and technological localized setting. The study is based on a survey of indigenous and foreign firms.     

Sixty years of discrimination and diversity research in human resource management: A review with suggestions for future research directions

This article reviews discrimination and diversity research published in Human Resource Management (HRM) over the past 60 years. While discrimination and diversity are very different constructs, it is often informative to study them together, because when people recognize each other's diversity, this can result in bias, stereotyping, and discrimination. We conducted bibliographic searches for terms related to discrimination and diversity as well as a manual search through every title and abstract published in HRM over the last 60 years to assess article relevance. The search resulted in 135 research articles with 136 unique studies (i.e., samples) which are reviewed in this article. Sex and race are the demographics that have been examined the most in HRM, while religion has been examined the least. Moreover, the number of studies examining lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) employees in the workplace in HRM has grown quickly within the past 10 years, culminating in a recent meta‐analysis. Our review looks at some of the earliest research published, the most recent research published, and the overall trends we identified in the research over the years for both discrimination and diversity articles. We then make future research suggestions and recommendations to advance the study of discrimination and diversity in the coming years.     

The Early History of the Cumulants and the Gram-Charlier Series

The early history of the Gram-Charlier series is discussed from three points of view: (1) a generalization of Laplace's central limit theorem, (2) a least squares approximation to a continuous function by means of Chebyshev-Hermite polynomials, (3) a generalization of Gauss's normal distribution to a system of skew distributions. Thiele defined the cumulants in terms of the moments, first by a recursion formula and later by an expansion of the logarithm of the moment generating function. He devised a differential operator which adjusts any cumulant to a desired value. His little known 1899 paper in Danish on the properties of the cumulants is translated into English in the Appendix.     

Capturing the Implications of Services Trade Liberalization

This paper evaluates the impact of service sector trade liberalization on the world economy by a ten-region, eleven-sector CGE model with import embodied technology transfer from developed countries to developing countries. Simulation results show that service sector trade liberalization not only directly affects world service production and trade, but also has significant implications for other sectors in the economy. The major channel of the impact is through inter-industry input-output relations and TFP growth induced from services imported by developing countries from developed countries, which may be embodied with new information and advanced technology.     

City Children and Genderfied Neighbourhoods: The New Generation as Urban Regeneration Strategy

Former industrial cities in the West are employing gentrification as urban policy. In these policies, women and families currently play an important role as gentrification pioneers. In my analysis of Rotterdam in the Netherlands, I propose the term genderfication to understand the gender dimensions of this process. Genderfication refers to the production of space for different gender relations. I analyse Rotterdam's urban planning program for becoming a ‘child‐friendly city’, which entails replacing existing urban dwellings with new, larger and more expensive ‘family‐friendly homes’ as a strategy for urban re‐generation. Urban re‐generation supplements regeneration in the form of material and economic restructuring, and refers to the replacement of part of the current population by a new and better suited generation. The ‘child‐friendly city program’ is considered in tandem with punitive ‘youth policies’.     

Hierarchical Models in Environmental Science

Environmental systems are complicated. They include very intricate spatio-temporal processes, interacting on a wide variety of scales. There is increasingly vast amounts of data for such processes from geographical information systems, remote sensing platforms, monitoring networks, and computer models. In addition, often there is a great variety of scientific knowledge available for such systems, from partial differential equations based on first principles to panel surveys. It is argued that it is not generally adequate to consider such processes from a joint perspective. Instead, the processes often must be considered as a coherently linked system of conditional models. This paper provides a brief overview of hierarchical approaches applied to environmental processes. The key elements of such models can be considered in three general stages, the data stage, process stage, and parameter stage. In each stage, complicated dependence structure is mitigated by conditioning. For example, the data stage can incorporate measurement errors as well as multiple datasets with varying supports. The process and parameter stages can allow spatial and spatio-temporal processes as well as the direct inclusion of scientific knowledge. The paper concludes with a discussion of some outstanding problems in hierarchical modelling of environmental systems, including the need for new collaboration approaches.     

Multinomial distributions applied to random sampling of particulate materials

When sampling a batch consisting of particulate material, the distribution of a sample estimator can be characterized using knowledge about the sample drawing process. With Bernoulli sampling, the number of particles in the sample is binomially distributed. Because this is rarely realized in practice, we propose a sampling design in which the possible samples have a nearly equal mass. Expected values and variances of the sample estimator are calculated. It is shown that the sample estimator becomes identical to the Horvitz–Thompson estimator in the case of a large batch-to-sample mass ratio and a large sample mass. Simulations and experiments were performed to test the theory. Simulations confirm that the round-off error due to the discrete nature of particles is negligible for large sample sizes. Sampling experiments were carried out with a mixture of PolyPropylene (PP) and PolyTetraFluorEthylene (PTFE) spheres suspended in a viscous medium. The measured and theoretical variations are in good agreement.