EMS高级应用软件在克拉玛依电网的应用

本文介绍了克拉玛依电网概况、EMS软件简介、软硬件配置,论述了EMS系统的基本功能模块(网络拓扑分析、状态估计、调度员潮流、负荷预报)及在实际中的应用的情况.     

EMS高级应用软件在克拉玛依电网的应用

本文介绍了克拉玛依电网概况、EMS软件简介、软硬件配置,论述了EMS系统的基本功能模块(网络拓扑分析、状态估计、调度员潮流、负荷预报)及在实际中的应用的情况。     

关于保证电网状态估计和潮流计算收敛性的探讨

电网高级应用软件是建立在SCADA基础之上重要的电网应用软件，提高对其维护水平能够保证电网状态估计和潮流计算的收敛性。。     

输尧配电网状态估计算法分析与展望

本文首先介绍了状态估计的概念以及存在的必要性,然后从状态估计的角度分析比较了输、配电网各自的运行特点,从而引出了状态估计在输、配网中应用算法(模型)的不同,最后分析了状态估计的发展方向.     

基于超短期负荷预测的智能配电网状态估计

智能配电网中的自愈控制内的数据出口以及态势的感知元件所包含的重要部分便是状态估计。状态估计是每个数据采集周期过程中进行相应的全网的状态的估计计算。利用指数函数对错误数据产生的影响进行控制,可对状态估计的精度进行提升。文章根据对IEEE36节点的计算进行分析来对算法的科学性进行验证。     

EMS战略探析

本文首先介绍了电子制造服务EMS及其发展动因，然后指出了企业实施EMS战略的优势，最后指出了实施EMS战略是OEMs企业的必然选择。     

北京市能源管理信息系统市场分析

目前,北京市对于能源管理信息系统(EMS)的应用和推广还只处于起步阶段,关于该系统的实施效果及未来市场发展潜力的研究存有空白。鉴于此,本文首先对EMS的相关基本概念作出阐述,进而对现阶段北京市EMS产品的市场环境特点及使用状况做出了分析,运用"喇叭漏斗"模型对北京市EMS的市场发展潜力进行评估,分析了EMS在本市节电领域的应用前景。最后,分别从政府主管部门、节能服务公司以的角度提出EMS合理的推广建议。     

电力系统中电压动态监视研究分析

现代电力系统中,电压是刻画电力系统运行状况的主要变量之一,电压反映了电网当前的运行水平。无论是现有的EMS监视方式还是新的EMS监视方式,电压都是监视的重点。     

电力系统抗差状态估计研究

状态估计能高效地估计出电力系统最佳的运行状态。测试并比较了基于原对偶内点法的加权最小绝对值估计与基于牛顿法求解的二次-线性准则、加权最小二乘估计的估计精度与计算效率,由测试结果可知,加权最小二乘估计虽有较高的计算效率,但估计精度偏差,而加权最小绝对值估计有着较高的估计精度,但较低的计算效率也限制了其工程应用。     

有效价差的极大似然估计

有效价差是刻画金融资产交易成本的一种重要度量。本文基于Roll的价格模型,利用对数价格极差分布的近似正态特征,提出了一种有效价差的近似极大似然估计,并通过数值模拟比较了这一新的估计与以往文献中提出的Roll的协方差估计、贝叶斯估计以及High-Low估计在各种不同状况下的精度。模拟的结果表明,无论是在连续交易的理想状态还是交易不连续且价格不能被完全观测到的非理想状态下,极大似然估计和High-Low估计的精度均高于协方差和贝叶斯估计;当波动率相对较小的时候,极大似然估计的精度优于High-Low估计;另外,在非理想情形下,极大似然估计要比High-Low估计更加稳健。     

装备软件成本估算研究动态综述

文章分别从国内外民用软件业软件成本估算的研究现状、美军武器装备成本费用估算相关研究成果以及我军装备软件成本估算研究工作实际三方面入手对装备软件成本估算的研究动态作了较为细致的跟踪和分析,旨在让读者对装备软件成本估算的研究现状有更为系统和深入的认识。     

一种改进的软件项目成本估算方法

软件项目成本估算是软件项目管理的关键步骤,也是软件项目计划的难点。本文着重分析了参数模型法中的结构型软件成本估算模型的不足,提出了一种基于COCOMO的改进模型,提高了估算的精确度,给实际工作带来便利。     

Economic Viewpoint

The search for a policy device which will yield the benefits of monetary discipline without the pain is as old as it is fruitless, and the central message of this Economic Viewpoint is that going into the EMS will not provide a magic answer to our problems. However we believe that if we go into the EMS at today's rate, and pursue monetary policies consistent with maintaining that rate, the authorities' target of 3 per cent inflation by 1988 is well within reach… Our analysis of the experience of other countries, inside and outside the EMS, over the floating rate period suggests that membership of the EMS should also reduce exchange rate fluctuations and help to create a more stable environment for business planning. However, sterling's vulnerability to oil-related fluctuations cannot be eliminated just by joining the EMS. We therefore suggest that an oil bond, which capitalises the value of our North Sea assets, is created and sold to our EMS partners, thus equalising the exposure to fluctuations in oil prices and removing one major cause of exchange rate instability.     

THE POUND AND THE PUNT REVISITED

Whereas the pound has remained outside the EMS for the last ten years, the Irish punt has been a fully participating member since the inception of the EMS in March 1979. As such the punt experienced the depreciation of the EMS bloc against the pound in 1980-1 and, largely because of this, it suffered from a higher rate of inflation in the first half of the 1980s. But against a background of greater intra-EMS stability, Irish inflation has fallen steadily. It is now closer to German inflation than at any time in the last twenty years and in the nearly three years since the last EMS realignment, has been well below inflation in the UK. At the same time output in Ireland has advanced steadily and the trade balance has moved into surplus. The Irish experience has therefore paralleled that of the EMS as a whole. After a shaky start, the EMS has proved to be a powerful force for convergence and by switching from a fixed link to the pound to one against the DM, the Irish economy is being transformed into a relatively low inflation economy. The contrast with the pound panty period is marked. It is different not to conclude that the UK' recent economic performance, particularly on inflation, would have been significantly improved if it too had chosen the route of full EMS membership.     

软件项目开发工作量估算研究

准确的工作量估算是保证软件开发正常进行的必要手段。文中采用功能点估算法,通过对软件结构分解和工作结构的分解,利用COCOMO II 2000模型估算初始功能点数、估算调整后的功能点数,最后将功能点转化为源代码行,为软件开发企业提供了进行软件项目开发工作量估算的基本方法。工作量估算是软件开发企业完成成本估算的前提。     

Environmental management systems,communicative action and organizational learning

In recent years, an increasing number of private as well as public organizations have been engaged with implementation and use of environmental management systems (EMSs). This raises questions as to the reasons for implementing an EMS and, not least, about the roles and contributions of an EMS in an organization. Based in particular on research on contemporary municipal environmental management in Sweden, and also drawing on EMS research and experiences in other countries, this paper argues that an EMS may be understood not only as a technical tool for analytical management, as is traditionally done, but also as a tool for communicative action and organizational learning. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.     

邮政速递物流企业营销策略创新研究

在当前激烈的市场竞争环境下,如何通过有效的市场营销策略,将改制后的邮政速递物流企业的产品和服务为越来越多的客户所认可并长期使用,进而不断扩大邮政速递物流的市场占有份额,是摆在全体速递物流人面前的首要任务。文中结合速递物流企业改革发展实际,就专业化经营改革后邮政速递物流企业的营销策略创新问题进行简要论述。     

法律法规在环境职业健康安全管理体系中的实施

法律法规是企业建立和运行环境管理体系（EMS）/职业健康安全管理体系（OHSAS）的根本保证,对企业开展EMS/OHSAS认证至关重要。本文结合认证审核的实践,重点分析在法律法规的收集和评价中偏离标准要求的现象,提出在体系认证中正确、全面地实施法律法规的意见和建议,以指导企业有效地开展EMS/OHSAS认证。     

A goal programming model for the siting of multilevel EMS systems.

Facility siting models known as location covering techniques have proven to be useful particularly for emergency medical services (EMS) planning, given the importance of ambulances responding to demand within some maximum time constraint. These models represent a set of methods which focus the health planner's attention on the access of people to health care, since they attempt to “cover” people in need of service within some specified time standard.This research develops a technique for the locational planning of sophisticated EMS systems, characterized by multiple levels of emergency health services. Specifically, a two-tiered system with “basic life support” and “advanced life support” capabilities is modeled as a goal program.By applying location covering techniques within a goal programming framework, this study develops a method for the siting of multilevel EMS systems so that (1) each service level maximizes coverage of its own demand population, and (2) “back-up” coordination between levels is assured. The usefulness of this goal program as a health planning tool is evidenced in the model's explicit articulation of EMS policy objectives and its ability to link system levels in terms of “goal-directed behavior”. The working of this multilevel covering model is demonstrated by reference to EMS planning scenarios and related numerical examples.     

功能点方法在软件项目管理中的应用

软件度量是管理、控制和改进软件项目的基础,然而软件规模的概念没有被很好地理解,也没有得到广泛应用。与传统的代码行度量相比较,采用功能点作为规模度量单位具有准确、一致的优点。它在软件定价、变更管理、项目估算等方面可以起到积极的作用。软件度量已成为一项基本的软件项目管理实践,借助功能点分析方法构建起一套完整可行的软件度量体系,将有利于辅助改善软件工程的各个环节。