我国证券投资基金业绩持续性研究——基于参数和非参数方法

基于2007～2010年间的数据,本文利用参数和非参数方法,对我国开放式证券投资基金中的股票型基金、混合型基金和债券型基金的绩效持续性进行了实证分析。结果表明,基于横截面回归的参数检验方法认为,我国的混合型基金业绩具有一定的持续性,而股票型基金与债券型基金的业绩持续性比较微弱。非参数方法中的Fisher精确检验法认为,我国的股票型基金、混合型基金、债券型基金的业绩都不具有明显的持续性。而卡方检验、交叉积比率检验与Spearman秩相关检验则认为我国股票型基金、混合型基金、债券型基金的绩效在特定时段具有持续性。结合参数检验的方法与非参数检验的方法来看,我国混合型基金业绩持续性要好于股票型基金的业绩,而债券型基金业绩持续性相对较差。     

基金管理模式、投资风格与经营绩效:来自中国公募基金探索性研究

随着基金规模的扩大和需求的多元化,越来越多的基金采用两人或以上的团队管理模式,使团队相较个人管理的优劣对比成为有意义的研究课题。本文以2003—2012年我国全部开放式基金为样本,系统全面地探讨个人和团队两种基金管理模式在投资风格与基金业绩上的差异,以及团队内部结构对团队管理基金的投资风格和业绩的影响。通过以月度收益标准差、前十大证券集中度衡量基金投资风格,及以夏普比率、择时能力、选股能力衡量基金业绩,发现在股票型基金和混合型基金中团队管理比个人管理的基金整体风险低,而团队和个人管理的基金整体业绩上不存在显著差异。针对团队内部结构的分析发现,团队合作年限与股票型基金业绩成正比,但团队合作年限会加重群体极化,使股票型基金风险趋大,但债券型基金风险趋小,同时团队规模和团队合作年限与混合型基金的择时能力呈负相关。     

我国证券投资基金绩效的实证分析——基于业绩分解理论

基金的选股和择时能力是影响基金投资绩效的决定因素,基金绩效分解的基础理论模型包括T-M模型、H-M模型、C-L模型和HM-FF3等模型。运用上述模型对我国开放式基金中的股票型基金和混合型基金进行绩效分解实证研究表明,对于样本基金而言,无论是股票型基金,还是混合型基金,总体上具有一定的选股能力,但基本不具备择时能力。     

开放式基金绩效评价研究

本文采用广义自回归条件异方差模型(GARCH)对我国开放式股票型基金的收益率进行研究,在得出基金波动的下行风险价值的基础上,应用修正夏普指数(RAROC),并结合基金择时能力、选股能力及其他传统方法对我国开放式基金绩效进行评价。研究发现,风险价值可以很好的评价基金下行风险,克服了传统夏普指数对风险高估的问题。实证结果表明,我国股票型基金无法保证获得可靠稳定的超额收益,基金经理需要改进投资策略,但股票型基金未来仍然是投资者获取高收益的重要选择之一。     

中国股票型基金业绩持续性实证研究

本文采用动量检验法和回归系数法,检验了存续时间超过24个月的中国股票型基金业绩是否存在持续性.结果发现,101只样本基金的业绩在6个月存在显著的持续性.在此基础上,本文从风险收益和基金管理人能力两个角度检验了基金业绩持续性的来源,结果发现,CAPM和“三因素模型”,以及考虑了基金投资风格的管理人选股能力、择时能力及投资风格持续收益,均不能解释中国股票型基金的业绩持续性.     

我国非债券型开放式基金的业绩评价

研究我国非债券型开放式基金的业绩对探索适合我国基金业绩的评价方法,推进我国基金业的健康有序发展,增强资本市场资源配置能力,都有重要且现实的意义。评估的创新之处在于：（1）基金收益数据比较完善,在一定程度弥补了以前学者在评价基金业绩时样本不足的尴尬;（2）主要集中于非债券基金的研究。研究发现．在样本期下,我国非债券型基金的长期收益——风险状况要优于市场。大部分基金选择的股票获得了长期的超额正收益,在引入T—M模型对时机选择进行评价时发现,有一半以上的基金并不具备时机选择能力。     

基金业绩持续性与择时选股能力的实证研究

以DEA效率为代理指标,通过双向表法和相关性检验的非参数方法,重点考察了基金业绩的持续性特征及其影响因素.通过考察2007～2013年期间我国开放式股票型基金的绩效表现,结果显示基金业绩不具有明显持续性特征,基金经理的择时能力与选股能力均不是持续性的决定性因素.     

基于M2指数的我国股票型开放式基金的投资绩效研究

本文引入M2指数测度法对我国股票型开放式基金的投资绩效进行研究.M2指数测度法综合考虑了基金的风险与收益,各股票型开放式基金的M2值排名能为投资者选择基金提供参考.研究结果表明,由于系统风险无法消除,我国股票型开放式基金收益波动与市场波动表现出较强的一致性,不同投资风格的基金对市场波动的敏感程度也有所不同.但是不同投资风格的基金之间并不存在明显的业绩的差别,基金的绩效差别反映的主要是基金的管理水平存在差异.     

基于M^2测度值的我国开放式基金绩效实证研究

M^2测度法综合考虑了基金的风险与收益。各基金的M^2值排名能为投资者选择基金提供参考。在对我国市场上的开放式基金进行测算后可得到各自的M^2值。由此可得出关于我国开放式基金的一些结论：我国开放式基金收益波动与市场波动表现出较强的一致性,开放式基金整体上能反映市场情况;各类型基金表现出了各自特点,大部分股票基金体现了高风险、高收益,债券基金则体现了低风险、低收益,而混合基金的风险、收益状况介于两者之间;我国市场上债券基金的表现比较突出。     

基于风格调整的开放式基金业绩评价实证研究

基金的投资风格对于基金业绩有重大影响,将不同投资风格的基金业绩直接进行对比,不能科学地体现基金表现的优劣。本文以2005年4月1日到2009年11月30日期间经历了一个完整的上涨和下跌行情的我国51只开放式股票型基金为样本,运用Fama-French三因素模型对基金的投资风格进行检验,并在剔除风格因素后对基金业绩进行评价,结果发现我国开放式股票型基金投资风格严重趋同,表现为大盘成长型。经过风格调整之后,基金取得了一定的超额收益。     

A reliable performance measure to differentiate China’s actively managed open-end equity mutual funds

We compare different fund performance measures to examine which performance measures can generate risk-adjusted returns between high ranked and low ranked China’s actively managed open-end equity mutual funds. Our results show that only the six-factor (five factors (market, size, b/m, profitability & Investment facotrs) plus a momentum factor) alpha as the performance measure meets the criteria. Separated by the six-factor alpha, better performing funds have a larger asset under management, a better past 6-month cumulative return, a better stock picking ability, and a higher percentage of hybrid funds. Through our sample period from July 2004 to December 2015, the highest ranked quintile funds generate a monthly risk-adjusted return of 0.24% more than the lowest ranked quintile funds and the six-factor alpha reliably selects a better fund portfolio in both bear and bull markets on the basis of both fund return and holding data. Furthermore, our results from fund trading data show that funds with the highest six-factor alpha rank demonstrate a better trading skill in bear markets, suggesting that those better performing funds exhibit their market timing and stock picking abilities when investors need them most.     

International diversification and industry-related labor income risk

Do equity markets help diversifying away industry-related labor income risk? This paper reconsiders the hedging role of stock markets by focusing on international equity diversification, rather than domestic asset allocation, and on industry wage, rather than individual labor income. We compare industry-based portfolio holdings to the one that is optimal for an investor endowed with the average home-country labor income. Our results resurrect the role of equities in hedging wage risk by uncovering remarkable heterogeneity across industries within each investing country. Our analysis also delivers insights concerning the role of occupational pension funds in designing optimal portfolios for their members.     

私募股权投资基金薪酬合约的激励机制研究

利用合约经济学的分析方法研究私募股权投资基金的薪酬合约,我们发现:在不对称信息下创业投资家的道德风险会造成显著的代理成本.并且私募基金管理的代理成本与创业投资家的能力、风险厌恶程度以及私募股权投资基金投资组合的风险正相关;同时我们发现在私募股权投资基金的薪酬合约中引入创业板市场的景气状况作为投资组合收益的基准可显著提高创业投资家的努力激励,并显著降低私募股权投资基金管理的代理成本.     

Does High Stock Price Synchronicity Always Hurt Mutual Fund Industry? Sentiment Matters

Investors have agreed that high synchronicity of stock returns adversely influences professional funds' profitability. However, different market conditions where high synchronicity exists may have different effects on this relationship. This study incorporates aggregate investor sentiment as a market condition in the equation to explore whether and when the negative association between synchronicity and fund performance holds. The authors use a sample of actively managed U.S. equity mutual funds from 2000 to 2014 and employ a portfolio of 11 passively managed funds as the benchmark to measure fund performance and fund management skill. They find empirical evidence that synchronicity negatively impacts mutual funds' profitability when the investor sentiment is low. This negative relationship disappears in high-sentiment periods. They also find that in both low- and high-sentiment states, fund managers with superior stock selection skill make more profits from high synchronicity than the average.     

Short-termism of long-term investors? The investment behaviour of Dutch insurance companies and pension funds

Countercyclical investment strategies of large institutional investors such as insurance companies and pension funds can support financial stability, while procyclical investment behaviour is considered as destabilizing at a macro level. Yet, there is limited understanding of how insurance companies and pension funds invest during market shocks, such as the global financial crisis. Investigating the equity and fixed income portfolios of Dutch non-life insurers, life insurers and pension funds, we find evidence for procyclical behaviour by insurance companies (both life and non-life). For pension funds, we find evidence for countercyclical behaviour during market upturns.     

保险资金持股与股价崩盘风险——市场“稳定器”还是崩盘“加速器”?

现阶段,有关保险资金持股与资本市场稳定相互关系的讨论多止于推测,少有学者以大样本数据进行实证考察。在理论上,保险资金持股上市公司,一方面可以抑制经理人负面信息隐藏,作为市场“稳定器”降低股价暴跌风险;另一方面,也能引发投资者跟风炒作,导致市场情绪高涨和股价高估,成为股价崩盘风险的“加速器”。本文基于2007—2016年中国沪深两市A股上市公司的数据,实证分析保险资金持股上市公司是否加剧市场暴跌及其作用机制。结果显示:保险资金持股加剧了股价崩盘风险,是公司股价崩盘的“加速器”。这一结论在经过DID模型、工具变量回归、PSM+OLS等内生性分析,以及稳健性检验之后依然成立。进一步研究表明,相比于民营、小型和财产保险公司,在股市投资规模更大的国有、大型和人寿保险公司更能引发市场跟风炒作,加剧股价崩盘风险;不过,当保险资金作为前十大股东参与公司治理时则能够降低股价崩盘风险。本文不仅为保险资金持股与资本市场稳定相互关系的讨论提供了经验证据,也为规范保险资金股权投资,维护资本市场稳定提供有益借鉴。     

私募股权投资的战略选择

随着全球次级债危机日渐严重和中国经济持续高速增长,中国作为新兴经济体所孕育的私募股权投资市场,对于全球资本正显示出越来越大的吸引力。私募基金在我国并不是新鲜事物,但由于诸多不规范操作,一直行走在灰色地带。私募基金的特性决定其具有很大发展空间,但也存在很大风险,积极探索私募股权市场的构建模式,有利于经济持续健康发展。     

Individual account investment options and portfolio choice: Behavioral lessons from 401(k) plans

This paper examines how the menu of investment options made available to workers in defined contribution plans influences portfolio choice. Using unique panel data of 401(k) plans in the U.S., we present three principle findings. First, we show that the share of investment options in a particular asset class (i.e., company stock, equities, fixed income, and balanced funds) has a significant effect on aggregate participant portfolio allocations across these asset classes. Second, we document that the vast majority of the new funds added to 401(k) plans are high-cost actively-managed equity funds, as opposed to lower-cost equity index funds. Third, because the average share of assets invested in low-cost equity index funds declines with an increase in the number of options, average portfolio expenses increase and average portfolio performance is thus depressed. All of these findings are obtained from a panel data set, enabling us to control for heterogeneity in the investment preferences of workers across firms and across time.     

房地产市场对股票市场波动的响应机制研究

借助余弦相似度概念,定义并创设了房地产市场景气度评价变量,据此在短期条件下基于消费者均衡理论,依据斯卢茨基方程测度了各商品支出对股票投资收益率变动的收入效应和替代效应,从而揭示了房地产市场对股票收益率变动的响应过程及其关键因素。研究发现,短期条件下,当股票投资收益率提高时,资金在房地产市场与股票市场间的流动受限,投机性房地产支出变动只有收入效应,无替代效应,导致短期房地产市场偏离长期均衡状态;当投机性房地产需求收入弹性高于临界值时,房地产市场对股票市场波动呈现正响应,且投机性房地产需求收入弹性和银行储蓄率越高正响应越强,由此印证了我国股票市场和房地产市场的强关联性。     

全国社会保障基金股票投资组合绩效评价研究

股票投资作为社保投资中风险最大的投资产品,收益的高低直接影响社保基金整体的安全性。通过对社保基金股票投资组合总体绩效的研究发现,各投资组合在投资中均获得了超额收益。对社保基金股票投资组合的整体持续性检验结果表明,我国社保基金各投资组合的业绩并不具有持续性,反而具有反转型的特点;而分阶段持续性检验结果表明,在市场波动性较大的情况下,社保基金业绩没有表现出持续性,在市场相对稳定的情况下,社保基金业绩呈现出持续性的特点。