金融计量的新近发展

这篇论文在一个统一的统计学框架内选择性地综述了时间序列金融计量学的部分最新发展.论题包括有效市场假说的检验,金融收益的预测,波动的聚类和溢出效应,风险值(VaR),统计密度函数预测,以及金融模型的诊断检验.对每一问题,我们讨论了合适的统计概念、模型和方法,以及它们在金融数据分析中的一些应用.     

金融计量的新近发展

这篇论文在一个统一的统计学框架内选择性地综述了时间序列金融计量学的部分最新发展。论题包括有效市场假说的检验，金融收益的预测，波动的聚类和溢出效应，风险值（VaR)，统计密度函数预测，以及金融模型的诊断检验。对每一问题，我们讨论了合适的统计概念、模型和方法，以及它们在金融数据分析中的一些应用。     

商业银行VaR模型预测能力的验证

2004年Hong ＆ Li提出了用非参数方法来检验时间序列动态模型设定的正确性,我们以此来研究商业银行使用的各种VaR模型的正确性.通过实证研究我们发现,当前商业银行模型风险管理工具回顾测试中,常用的巴塞尔规则、Kupiec统计检验量及Christofferson统计检验量方法可能具有一定的误导性.这种误导可能使商业银行的风险预测能力受到影响,从而影响盈利能力,甚至危及整个金融系统安全性.因此,商业银行在利用VaR模型时,需要仔细地选择合适的方法.     

R统计软件在证券收益率的分析与预测中的应用

R软件是一种开源式的，具有强大的统计分析和作图功能，非常适合金融和证券分析学者应用的统计软件。文章介绍使用R软件检验Markowitz投资组合模型的重要假设之：证券收益率服从正态分布，以及应用期望值法和指数平滑法进行证券预期收益率的预测,通过分析可以看出R软件以其自由、灵活、高效的特点，在证券分析和预测领域具有广泛的应用价值。     

我国省域金融风险动态预警研究*——基于浙江省月度样本数据的分析

我国区域经济发展程度极不平衡使得部分重点省域对国家总体金融安全影响程度显著而突出，关注我国省域金融系统风险并进行提前预警与监管防范对于省域与国家金融安全尤为重要。本文立足金融市场深入扩大对外开放趋势背景下，构建了我国省域金融风险先行预警指标体系和金融风险压力指数，并以浙江省2004年1月-2016年12月样本数据为对象，通过TAR门限自回归模型和Ologit概率模型对省域金融系统风险状况进行了实证预警分析，研究发现：（1）省域先行预警指标统计检验发现，通货膨胀率与出口增长率对省域金融风险水平呈现显著负相关效应，而新增信贷额/工业增加值、固定资产投资增长率、消费增长率与进出口增长率对省域金融风险水平呈现显著正相关效应；（2）动态概率预警模型检验发现，省域上一月份的金融风险压力值对下一月份的金融风险压力值呈现显著负向影响效应，并使下一月份的金融压力风险起到一定程度的“熨平”作用效应；（3）通过统计检验比较发现，动态Ologit概率预警模型无论是从模型整体显著性与拟合优度，还是预测的准确度都明显优于静态概率预警模型；（4）通过近12个月的样本外数据对模型预警的稳健性检验发现，Ologit概率预警模型金融风险预测准确程度在严格区制上为25%，但大类区制预警准确度为50%，相对优于国内外同类型的模型预警效果。     

金融时序数据建模中的模型设定问题

W.J.Granger与D.F.Hendry(2004)关于建模思路的对话引起了国际计量经济学界关于模型设定问题的争论,本文就这一问题分析讨论了在金融时序数据实证研究中得以广泛应用的ARCH/GARCH模型的设定问题,认为在金融时序数据的建模中,ARMA族模型不宜作为数据生成过程的模型设定,其统计性质也不能直接扩展到ARMA-GARCH族数据生成过程;虽然ARCH/GARCH族模型作为金融时序数据的生成过程有着良好的统计性质,但也不宜单纯采用一般到特殊的建模思路,而应是一般到特殊和特殊到一般两种建模思路的结合;ARCH/GARCH族模型的设定应当包含事前检验、事后检验等设定检验步骤.     

基于选择抽样的银行危机先行指标研究

文章在基于选择的抽样方法下,以前一期的各经济金融变量作为解释变量,采用Logit模型对银行危机的先行指标进行了经验分析。文章分别采用了加权与非加权的最大似然估计法,得到以下结果:实际GDP增长率、人均实际GDP以及实际利率的上升会降低银行危机的发生概率,而国内信贷与GDP之比、通货膨胀率以及广义货币与外汇储备比值的上升则会提高银行危机的发生概率,但政府财政盈余与GDP之比以及存款保险制度则对银行危机的发生概率没有显著影响。此外,非加权最大似然估计法的适用性比加权最大似然估计法更强,模型的拟合优度检验和预测准确率都表明,模型中统计上显著的以上6个变量是很好的银行危机先行指标。     

大数据技术在金融统计分析中的应用初探

强化大数据技术在金融数据分析中的应用,可以有效提升金融统计的服务能力和水平,为宏观决策和趋势研判提供全面可靠的信息支撑.本文全面梳理了大数据技术在金融领域的国内外研究现状,结合金融统计数据特点和统计分析中存在的薄弱点对知识图谱技术的运用进行了可行性论证.并在此基础上,通过知识图谱构建了金融统计指标间的血缘关系图和影响性分析,提出金融统计指标知识图谱在统计数据分析、统计指标识别、统计数据质量管理等方面的应用设想,即基于大数据理念,建立金融数据决策分析平台;基于大数据技术,增强数据挖掘与分析能力;转变传统金融统计思维,强化统计队伍建设.下一步可将模型拓展至金融风险识别与评估、风险预测和穿透式关系识别等领域.     

我国金融风险预警模型的建立与实证研究

在系统学习国内外现有金融风险预警模型的基础上,结合我国经济金融运行实情,构建符合中国国情的金融风险预警模型。通过对模型的预测能力进行检验,可以对未来我国金融风险进行全面预警判断和实时预警分析,从而为构建金融风险预警系统提供判别基准。     

China＇s Early Warning Model of Financial Risk and an Empirical Analysis

在系统学习国内外现有金融风险预警模型的基础上,结合我国经济金融运行实情,构建符合中国国情的金融风险预警模型。通过对模型的预测能力进行检验,可以对未来我国金融风险进行全面预警判断和实时预警分析,从而为构建金融风险预警系统提供判别基准。     

Forecasting the aggregate stock market volatility in a data-rich world

ABSTRACT

In this article, we utilize the basic lasso and elastic net models to revisit the predictive performance of aggregate stock market volatility in a data-rich world. Motivated by the existing literature, we determine several candidate predictors that have 22 technical indicators and 14 macroeconomic and financial variables. Our out-of-sample results reveal several noteworthy findings. First, few macroeconomic and financial variables and most of technical indicators have superior performance relative to the benchmark model. Second, combination forecasts are able to significantly beat the benchmark and some signal predictors Third, the lasso and elastic models with all predictors can generate more accurate forecasts than the benchmark and some other predictors in both the statistical and economic sense. Fourth, the lasso and elastic models exhibit higher forecast accuracy during periods of expansions and recessions. Finally, our findings are robust to several tests, such as different forecasting windows, forecasting models, and forecasting evaluations.     

Assessing macro-financial linkages: A model comparison exercise

The recent global financial crisis has increased interest in macroeconomic models that incorporate financial frictions. We illustrate the simulation properties of five medium-sized general equilibrium models used by central banks in the Eurosystem. The models include a financial accelerator mechanism (convex “spread” costs related to firms' leverage) and/or collateral constraints (based on asset values). We provide results from impulse responses to shocks originating in the financial sector as well as a monetary policy shock. Overall, the models share qualitatively similar and interpretable features. This gives us confidence that we have some common understanding of the mechanisms involved. Finally, we survey recent trends in the literature on financial frictions.     

What can econophysics contribute to financial economics?

Econophysics presents itself as a new paradigm and a new specialty (or even a discipline), using various models and concepts imported from condensed matter and statistical physics to analyze financial phenomena. Financial economics is becoming more and more concerned by the emergence of econophysics because this new field deals with the economic reality. In this perspective, one might ask “What can econophysics contribute to financial economics?” After emphasizing the main differences between financial economics and econophysics, this paper will show that these two disciplines can be complementary. I then provide some research themes from econophysics that could be a source of inspiration for financial economists to broaden their theoretical framework.     

基于金融稳定的非线性泰勒规则*——中国的经验证据

本文首先构建了金融稳定指数,并结合中国实际进行了验证,结果表明该指数能够较好地反映中国金融业的稳定状况;然后基于STR模型构建了考虑金融稳定的非线性泰勒规则模型,并以中国的经验数据进行了估计和检验。结果发现：以滞后一期产出缺口为转换变量的、考虑金融稳定的泰勒规则呈现出非线性特征;与不考虑金融稳定的非线性泰勒规则相比,以滞后一期产出缺口为转换变量的、考虑金融稳定的非线性泰勒规则,满足泰勒条件,在拟合优度方面表现更好,有助于中央银行在实现价格、产出目标的同时兼顾金融稳定。     

Trade liberalization,financial modernization and economic development: An empirical study of selected Asia–Pacific countries

This study investigates the relationship between trade liberalization, financial modernization and economic development for 14 countries in the Asia and Pacific region over the period spanning from 1961 to 2011. The study uses panel data as they have many advantages over cross-sectional or time series data. In addition to analyzing the full panel, we also divide the 14 countries under study into two sub-samples: high-income countries and middle-income countries, based on World Bank's income classification as of 1st July 2013. The panel cointegration tests show a long run relationship between the above variables. The study uses Feasible Generalized Least Squares (FGLS) method to estimate the models and then conducts Granger causality tests to identify patterns of causation among the variables of interest. In general, the results indicate unidirectional causality (1) from financial modernization to economic development for the entire panel and the panel of middle-income countries; (2) from trade liberalization to economic development for the whole panel as well as two subpanels of high-income and middle-income countries; and (3) from trade liberalization to financial modernization for the whole panel as well as two subpanels. The findings of this study support that the actual effect of financial depth on economic development (and vice versa) seems to depend on the level of financial development.     

经济学向何处去——金融危机以来的经济学反思

自2008年全球金融危机爆发以来,经济学界有关经济学的反思一直不断。理论方面,宏观经济理论和模型以及“有效市场假说”的有效性成为争论的焦点;政策领域,关于财政政策的有效性和通胀目标的设定出现了重大分歧;研究方法上,围绕着数学与经济学之间的关系以及经济学模型化方法纷争不断。然而,反思中也呈现出共识因素,从而揭示了经济学未来可能的发展方向。理论上,金融因素及更为现实的市场缺陷和摩擦因素将更多地被纳入经济学理论和模型中进行讨论,并且处理这些因素的模型也将更趋多元化;政策上,亟须发展出一套理论框架为财政政策和更为广泛的货币政策提供理论依据,货币政策将回归到数量工具、价格工具和其他工具并用的传统;方法上,超越数学的更为广泛意义上的多样化技术工具将积极发挥作用,模型会向更具现实性因而也更为复杂化的方向发展。除了危机的外部冲击外,经济学的这种路径转向可能还需要该学科内部制度性激励结构的相应变革。     

Fiscal consolidation and financial reforms

We use a rare events logistic regression model as well as traditional probit and logit models to investigate the impact of fiscal consolidation on the likelihood of financial reforms for a panel of 17 countries over the period 1980–2005. We show that large austerity plans, mainly implemented through spending cuts rather than tax hikes, promote financial reforms. By considering reforms affecting specific areas of the financial sector, we find that the banking sector reforms and domestic finance reforms are more likely to occur when fiscal adjustments are put in place. Interestingly, while banking sector reforms are mainly prompted during periods of tax-driven consolidations, spending cuts driven consolidation packages seem to propel the implementation of domestic finance reforms. Finally, we show that higher inflation, lower degree of trade openness, a deterioration of financial conditions and, to some extent, a fall in the degree of competitiveness enhance the probability of financial reforms.     

关于金融统计学本科教学方法的思考

随着金融创新的不断加深,金融学与数学、尤其是统计学的结合越来越紧密,金融模型日趋复杂。具备良好的统计学理论基础和应用技能成为金融研究和实务的必备条件。分析了金融统计学在金融工程专业本科教学中存在的问题,提出改进教学方法的途径。