美元本位制、美元霸权与美国金融危机

美元本位制下,美元霸权表现为中心一外围框架体系.在该体系下,中心国美国与外围国家的权益和义务不对称,地位不对等,而且框架体系本身具有内在的不相容性,这些特征决定了美元本位制的内在脆弱性,由此也使美国落入美元本位制的陷阱,造成美国国内利率下降、消费信用过度扩张、制造业陷入衰退等经济失衡,最后当信用泡沫破灭时,金融危机爆发.     

德国电信集团在T．I．M．E．S市场中

德国电信是欧洲最大的电信公司之一。公司在德国以内以及世界上另外若干个选定的国家里提供各种最现代化的产品与服务——从高速网络接入服务到移动因特网以及其他种种。德国电信认为信息社会正在形成一个需求深不可测的新的通信市场,并称之为T．I.M.E.S,即电信(T)、信息技术与因特网(I)、多媒体与移动商务(M)、娱乐与电子商务(E)、系统解决办法与安全服务(S)。     

A.S.E. events

We are experiencing a situation of increasing criticism of the state in which economics is being represented nowadays. One of the remarks is that economics has become too formalized and too abstract and that the state of discipline has become increasingly unable to express many phenomena of “real life” with its concrete socioeconomic specifica. Criticism has found a way to get cumulated in different terms of economic pluralism. The claim for fostering interdisciplinary research which we also find nowadays reflects the diagnosis that our islands of shared knowledge have become too fragmented. When reflecting what is going on in recent times a view back to the end of the nineteenth century may help to contextualize recent debate. Looking at the debate between Carl Menger and Gustav Schmoller which was later classified as the first battles in social sciences helps to sort up arguments which are still on the agenda, inductive versus deductive methods or empirism versus abstract theorizing.     

F. A. Hayek vs. J. M. Keynes in Shackle's marginal gloss*

The intellectual rivalry of F. A. Hayek and J. M. Keynes has recently caught the attention of historians of economic thought, journalists and the broad public. However, how was it viewed at the time? This article uses archival material in the form of marginal annotations made by G. L. S. Shackle to determine contemporary reading responses to the theoretical developments of the 1930s. Shackle's unique reading style that includes legible, dated, annotations and the fact that a substantial part of his academic library survives gives us a unique vantage point from which to explore anew this period of intellectual history.     

美英对公用事业的管制

本文简要地介绍了美国和英国对公用事业实行管制的由来、做法和经验。作者指出．由于生用事业的自然垄断性质及其与公共福利密切相关的缘故，使得美英两国在公用事业各部门建立了管制体系。实践表明，管制既有利于保障公众福利，又有利于改善公用事业的经营管理。他们的经验可为中国改革公用事业的管理体制提供有益的参考。