演化博弈视角下创意产业集群企业创新竞合机制分析

产业集群中存在着大量的企业竞合行为,它是影响集群创新能力的关键要素。以创意产业集群为例,在阐释集群企业创新竞合机理的基础上,运用演化博弈理论的分析方法,构建了创意产业集群内企业创新战略竞合选择过程的演化博弈模型,并对策略的选择进行了演化动态稳定性分析,最后得出了竞合过程的演化结果主要受合作收益、合作成本以及采取合作创新策略成功的概率3个因素影响的结论。     

科技型小微企业与科技型大企业协同创新策略研究

在对科技型小微企业协同创新主体关系进行分析的基础上,运用演化博弈理论构建科技型小微企业与科技型大企业协同创新动态演化博弈模型,分析博弈双方在创新中的动态演化过程。研究表明：博弈双方的技术研发整合转化能力、创新资源和企业文化、资源协同利用效应系数、协同创新的科技成本、协同创新的利润分配比例和协同创新的成功概率是影响科技型小微企业与科技型大企业协同创新的关键因素,在此基础上提出了协同创新策略。     

科技型小微企业与科技型大企业协同创新策略研究——基于动态演化博弈视角

在对科技型小微企业协同创新主体关系进行分析的基础上,运用演化博弈理论构建科技型小微企业与科技型大企业协同创新动态演化博弈模型,分析博弈双方在创新中的动态演化过程。研究表明:博弈双方的技术研发整合转化能力、创新资源和企业文化、资源协同利用效应系数、协同创新的科技成本、协同创新的利润分配比例和协同创新的成功概率是影响科技型小微企业与科技型大企业协同创新的关键因素,在此基础上提出了协同创新策略。     

企业间合作创新演化博弈研究

运用演化博弈理论及方法,构建基于知识资源企业间合作演化博弈模型,研究知识资源因素对企业合作创新策略选择的影响。研究结果表明,选择合作策略的概率与知识资源的收益系数及相互间的信任水平正相关,与知识资源的成本和风险系数负相关。以此为基础,提出了激励企业利用知识资源进行合作的策略建议。     

集群企业间知识转移策略——基于演化博弈理论的分析

基于演化博弈理论,构建了集群企业间知识转移的演化博弈模型,分析了集群企业间知识转移实现的动态过程和影响因素。研究结果显示:当企业从知识转移中获得的超额收益大于其支付成本时,最终会出现稳定的知识转移策略;通过增加差异化知识资源量、提高企业选择知识转移策略的概率、知识资源显性程度和企业间信任度,可促进博弈过程中更快实现知识转移。     

集群企业间知识转移策略——基于演化博弈理论的分析

基于演化博弈理论,构建了集群企业间知识转移的演化博弈模型,分析了集群企业间知识转移实现的动态过程和影响因素。研究结果显示:当企业从知识转移中获得的超额收益大于其支付成本时,最终会出现稳定的知识转移策略;通过增加差异化知识资源量、提高企业选择知识转移策略的概率、知识资源显性程度和企业间信任度,可促进博弈过程中更快实现知识转移。     

链式产业集群企业创新合作意愿度的影响因素

以影响链式产业集群创新网络中合作者决策的因素为变量,构建了链式产业集群企业创新合作意愿度影响因素模型,并运用演化博弈理论研究了集群企业创新合作行为的演化过程。模型分析结果表明:在链式产业集群环境下,企业的知识整合能力、合作风险系数和知识创造系数与创新合作意愿度负相关;共享知识中互补性知识比例与创新合作意愿度正相关。     

区域创新系统中政府与企业创新行为的动态博弈研究

经济全球化和区域经济一体化过程使得区域创新能力日益成为地区经济获取国际竞争优势的决定性因素和区域发展最重要的能力因素。以区域创新系统中的企业创新行为和政府为研究对象,构建二者的动态博弈模型,解释区域创新系统中政府与企业合作创新的机理,并对该博弈模型的演化趋势进行了分析。     

电商企业创新策略的演化博弈分析——基于计算经济学的仿真研究

本文基于演化博弈理论探讨了电商企业创新决策的演化过程,建立了电商企业间的演化博弈模型,根据复制动态方程得到了电商企业的行为演化规律和演化稳定策略.本文通过对参数进行赋值,利用MATLAB进行计算机仿真,模拟了不同参数水平下,电商企业创新策略选择的演化过程.研究表明:在影响电商企业创新行为选择的因素中,创新成本节约系数越...     

产业集群内企业合作创新的动态博弈分析

产业集群内企业的合作创新实质上是一个动态演化发展过程。通过构建产业集群合作创新动态博弈模型,揭示了产业集群合作创新的动态演化过程和演化的内在机理,认为产业集群合作创新的演化方向取决于参与合作创新的时点收益,而产业集群内参与合作创新的企业的比例对产业集群合作创新具有重要影响,同时产业集群内参与合作创新的企业比例不会无限扩张,会稳定在一定边界。     

Discontinuities in genetic engineering for pharmaceuticals? firms jumps and lock-in in systems of Innovation

This pape criticizes the concept of 'technological discontinuities'. It argues that the concept is misleading when the skills and knowledge of an indusry are composed of multiple rather than single core technologies. In cases such as the use of genetic engineering as the basis of production in pharmaceuticals, both existing pharmaceutical firms and new biotech firms integrate the new techniques into existing indusrial practice. The radical tecnology both enhances and destroys existing knowledge; the key to survival has been integration. Both existing and new firms have had the possibility of integrating multiple core technologies, but firms have been able to do so in different ways. Some existing firms could jump over to the radically new ‘technological trajectory’, by combining their creation of new competencies through in-house R&D with their access to novelty through relations with external agents in systems of innovation.     

网络与集群互补视角下企业技术创新影响机制研究

已有文献指出企业外部资源和信息是创新的重要支持，需要进一步深入研究企业创新外部联系机制中各种因素如何影响企业创新以及它们之间如何互补或配置。企业技术创新的网络机制和集群机制是目前文献中认为最重要的企业创新外部联系机制，尽管网络机制和集群机制沿着不同轨迹发展并且有其局限性，但是网络和集群也许可以发挥互补作用或扮演相互替代角色，更好地作用于企业技术创新。列出了创新障碍因素及促进因素以量化企业创新过程，通过解析网络和集群对企业创新过程的影响机制，提供了一个更加丰富、细致的理论框架，可以解释外部变量如何促进或者阻碍企业技术创新。然后，分析两者如何通过互补克服局限性，更好地促进企业创新。最后，引入集群与网络活力变量，探讨在集群和网络不同发展阶段外部联系对企业创新影响的变迁与演化。     

技术创新理论模型的多维解读

本文从适用性、过程、知识、条件、领导力等五个维度对影响较大的经典创新模型理论进行深入分析,试图全面地再现作为一个完整体系的创新理论的各角度轮廓。适用性视角下的模型探讨有企业与新创企业这两种类型企业与渐近式或突破式创新之间的最佳匹配关系;过程视角下的模型则将创新划分为若干差异显著的不同阶段,逐个探讨各阶段创新的本质特征,以及技术在各阶段中的演化规律;知识视角下的模型探讨了产品的不同结构所涉及的不同类型知识、它们对于创新的影响以及产品的知识含量不同所产生的不同效应;条件视角下的创新模型则分别从微观和宏观的角度,试图识别除了技术要素之外对于创新成功以及竞争优势的确立产生影响的条件因素;领导力视角下的创新模型的研究焦点集中于管理者应该如何根据自身对于技术的熟悉度选择最有效的创新机制,以及领导力对于创新的作用。     

Assessment of innovative software technology: developing an end-user-initiated interface design strategy

Knowledge intensive services and, in particular, R&D services contribute significantly to innovation in firms. The objective of this paper is to find out which characteristics of firms explain the acquisition of R&D services and to analyse whether there are differences depending on the typology of the supplier (universities, technology centres and consulting firms). Three main conclusions emerge from the econometric estimations carried out with information from a survey of innovative firms in the region of Valencia in Spain. First, the results show that firm size and age matter in the decision to buy R&D services. Second, our results are consistent with the relevance that the literature gives to human capital in absorbing external knowledge. Third, innovation policy has a significant influence on the decision to acquire R&D services, particularly from universities and technology centres.     

Discontinuities in genetic engineering for pharmaceuticals? firms jumps and lock-in in systems of Innovation

This pape criticizes the concept of 'technological discontinuities'. It argues that the concept is misleading when the skills and knowledge of an indusry are composed of multiple rather than single core technologies. In cases such as the use of genetic engineering as the basis of production in pharmaceuticals, both existing pharmaceutical firms and new biotech firms integrate the new techniques into existing indusrial practice. The radical tecnology both enhances and destroys existing knowledge; the key to survival has been integration. Both existing and new firms have had the possibility of integrating multiple core technologies, but firms have been able to do so in different ways. Some existing firms could jump over to the radically new 'technological trajectory', by combining their creation of new competencies through in-house R&D with their access to novelty through relations with external agents in systems of innovation.     

Alfred Marshall's Mecca: Reconciling the Theories of Value and Development*

The purpose of this paper is to explore the evolutionary nature and content of Marshall's theory of value and the relation it bears to his theory of growth and development. In Marshall's work the two theories are inextricably linked, and the subsequent attempt to separate them has not only marginalised Marshall's rich analysis but also made it impossible to appreciate the role he gave to innovation, and its corollary the growth of knowledge and organisation, in the workings of a market economy. At its core is the relation between the growth of firms and the growth of markets, but this is not steady‐state growth theory; rather, it is the different, mutually determined and ever changing growth rates of different groups of firms that is at the centre of attention. Quite how variation is linked to progress is the central topic of this essay, and the elucidation of its central role necessarily means that we must resurrect the representative firm. We conclude that Marshall was correct in stating that ‘the tendency to variation is a chief source of progress’ (Principles, V, 4, p. 355). We develop a set of evolutionary tools to show how and why this is so. But evolution is more than variation; it requires the organisation of firms and the market process to generate that correlation between differential knowledge and economic advance. Most importantly of all, the concept of a representative firm is re‐established as an indispensable element in a Marshallian evolutionary analysis.     

The Innovation‐R&D Nexus in an Emerging Economy: Evidence from the Indian Manufacturing Sector

While R&D is considered an important input for innovation, its relationship with the output of the innovation process continues to remain enigmatic, especially in developing countries with low levels of domestic research. Using patents and knowledge capital stock as proxies for the output and input of the innovation process, we study their nexus in the emerging economy of India using a large sample of manufacturing firms over the period 2001–2010. Using a specification that addresses the problem of ‘excess zeroes’ in count data, the firm's non‐technical knowledge stock as an additional factor of the success with which R&D transforms into patents, and a linear feedback mechanism that yields consistent estimators, we find that a one unit increase in knowledge capital likely raises expected patent count by only about 4.3% at most. Further, although patenting experience, resource access and knowledge spillovers are strongly significant in explaining patent counts, the magnitude of these effects is marginal at best. In brief, evidence for the knowledge production function is rather weak even in the context of a dynamic developing economy.     

跨国并购的技术创新机理研究——海尔集团并购FPA案例研究

跨国技术并购中的知识转移能够提升企业创新绩效,但作为并购方的中国企业在技术上并没有并购对象先进,这就导致并购企业不能有效地管理知识转移过程。为明确在跨国技术并购中知识转移促进技术创新的内在机制,并解释知识一致性、战略互补性、组织匹配性等因素对于知识转移效率的影响机制,本文采用案例研究的方法,以海尔集团并购FPA为研究对象,研究中国企业通过跨国并购实现技术创新机理。结果表明,跨国技术并购过程中知识一致性、资源互补性、组织匹配性等因素,有助于并购企业间的知识转移,并最终提升了并购企业的创新绩效。知识一致性、战略互补性和组织匹配性增强了知识转移对于企业创新绩效的影响。从知识转移研究的角度看,知识一致性能够提升吸收能力,并降低知识转移的成本。从并购研究的视角看,战略互补性、组织匹配性则为知识转移提供了保障机制。最后,本文提出我国企业通过跨国并购战略获取关键技术的过程中,应该评估与并购对象的知识一致性、战略互补性和组织匹配性,能够提升并购企业的吸收能力,增强并购双方的跨组织创新网络与联系,使得知识转移更加容易在并购企业双方之间发生,最终提升并购企业的创新绩效。     

Asymmetric knowledge flows and localization with endogenous R&D: A dynamic analysis

Empirical evidence suggests that technological spillovers also depend on the mode chosen by firms to serve the foreign market, since a closer location increases the degree of knowledge transmission. Therefore multinationals may want to locate subsidiaries near sources of technological innovation and domestic firms may take advantage of this closer location by absorbing more easily technological knowledge. Within this context we analyse the interaction between firms' international strategy and innovative performance by using a dynamic oligopoly model where knowledge flows increase with geographical proximity. Our results illustrate the relationship between firms' innovation and foreign expansion strategy when localized spillovers are considered.     

Knowledge sharing and firm performance: the role of social networking site and innovation capability

This study developed a framework to explore SNSs' capability as a strategic platform from which firms can overcome environmental turbulence and develop higher level knowledge sharing and firm performance output. The moderating effects of two types of innovation capability, product development capability and operational capability, were taken into consideration. We propose that SNSs' capability paired with strong product development capability is the key to improving knowledge sharing performance. SNSs' capability paired with strong operational capability can improve firm performance by advancing incremental innovation processes. Drawing upon the literature regarding information systems, knowledge management, and firm innovation, we propose a conceptual model adopted from the environment-strategy-performance framework to explore how these key factors interact to determine the fate of a firm.