票价机制和票务管理模式

正作为提升都市化程度的重要基础设施之一,地铁客运方案如今已被越来越多的城市所采纳,继北京、上海、广州等中心城市之后,近期南京、杭州乃至成都等省会城市的地铁项目也已纷纷上马或正处于可行性研究阶段。城市轨道交通票价水平不仅影响运营企业的利润,也影响居民的福利水平。制定城市轨道交通票价与制定其他产品价格不同,它受总成本、其他交通工具的竞争力、政府补贴、居民出行习惯等多种因素的影响。因此如何处理好政府、轨道交通企业和乘客的关系,制定出科学、合理的票价,一直是大家关心的焦点。     

轨道交通企业财务监控体系的研究

城市轨道交通企业作为集地铁建设、运营管理、资源开发等于一身的多功能、多元化综合性经济实体，涉及地铁及城市轨道交通项目的投资、筹划、建设、运营管理及沿线和相关地区、地下空间资源的开发管理等业务。随着地铁的迅速发展，资本投入的多元化、     

地铁可持续融资路径抉择

深刻影响着城市居民出行方式选择的地铁也同样大力推动着我国基础设施项目投融资体制创新的步伐。作为以投资大、工期长、效益差、投资回报率低著称的基础设施项目,缺乏财务可持续性已经深切影响了城市轨道交通项目的可持续发展。多年以来,我国轨道交通建设主要依靠单一政府财政资金投入,资金筹措难度大、风险高且资金量有限,无法满足大规模建设的需要。而部分城市更是面临拆迁和安置成本疯涨、每公里轨道建设资金高达8亿-9     

城市轨道交通项目融资比较

城市轨道交通是以地下铁道为核心的包括市郊铁路、地铁、有轨电车牵引系统等城市交通系统。城市轨道交通系统是一种典型的资金密集型城市公共基础设施，建设和运营期间都需要巨额的资金支持。城市轨道交通项目资金的筹集、投放和回收是各国城市发展过程中普遍遇到的一个难题。发展城市轨道交通一方面十分     

地铁投资加速

1863年,"伦敦大都会铁路"作为世界上第一条地铁开通之时,人们或许不会想到,这种后来被国际公认的"绿色出行"方式所带来的不仅仅是交通的便捷,它正改变着一座座城市的面貌。而对于已经经历了50多年发展历程的中国地铁来说,现在正是"最好的时代"。9月5、6日两天,国家发改委公布了新近批复的25个城市轨道交通建设项目:其中,常州、厦门、兰州、太原、石家庄等城市获准修建地铁,哈尔滨、上海等城市新增或调整城轨的建设方案也获得批准。事实上,发改委并非一夜之间突击批复城轨项目。早在今年5月,常州、厦门、兰州3地轨交规划获批的消息便已见诸报端;太原和石家     

浅谈城市轨道交通投资成本的控制

改革开放以来，我国的城市规模和经济建设都有了飞速的发展，城市化进程在逐步加快，城市人口在急剧增加＇使得城市交通面临严峻的挑战。在这种情况下，发展城市轨道交通成为解决城市交通拥挤的关键。城市轨道交通具有占地少，能耗低，安全性高等特点。我国的城市轨道交通近年来得到了长足的发展，已经有40余个城市在建或筹建地铁和轻轨等城市轨道交通基础设施，     

城市轨道交通融资模式浅析

近年来,城市轨道交通作为一种新的公共交通方式随着城市化进程的推进应运而生。城市轨道交通不仅为方便市民出行、缓解城市交通压力做出贡献,更为增加就业,带动当地经济发展起到不可或缺的作用。但是城市轨道交通项目资金投入量大、建设期长、运营成本高、回收期长、回报率差,政府财政实力远不能承受全部资金投入,因此,适合的融资方式显得尤为重要。本文对城市轨道交通的常见融资模式进行比较,旨在为城市轨道交通融资实践提供帮助。     

专访中国国际工程咨询公司原副总经理焦桐善 城市轨道:量力而行 有序发展

快速发展期的城市轨道交通更应坚守因地制宜、依据经济社会发展、居民出行需求、政府财政承受能力等基本要求来合理确定建设规模     

基于Ordered Logistic回归模型的通勤者出行决策与主观幸福度研究

提升人民的幸福指数已成为各地政府的政治落脚点,交通问题与人们的生活满意度息息相关。在此基础上针对交通出行模型与幸福指数进行定量研究,总结国内外出行模型与幸福指数的相关因素,利用SPSS23.0对英国家庭普查问卷的4个幸福指数指标进行定量分析,并解释结果。同时总结其经验结论,对我国的交通出行提出大力发展环境友好型交通出行(自行车或步行),进行长远规划,全面促进自行车系统及步行道设施的完善,以提高人们的幸福感。     

城市轨道交通票务清分的研讨

一、概述 近年来，随着我国国民经济的快速发展，城市化进程不断加快，大城市交通拥堵问题日益严重。在此背景下，大力发展城市轨道交通以满足广大市民日益增长的出行要求成为各大城市的必然选择。目前国内已有二十几个城市拟建或在建城市轨道交通项目，一些特大城市的城市轨道交通已在网络化运营。     

Government Failure in Urban Transportation

This paper assesses governmental performance in its investment, provision and regulation of urban transportation. Attention is given to public bus and rail transit and road transportation. Evidence based on urban transport in US cities reveals substantial allocative and technical inefficiencies that have led to large public transit deficits and severe highway congestion. I argue that it is futile to expect public officials to remedy the situation by pursuing more efficient policies such as congestion pricing and weighing costs and benefits when deciding transit service. The problem is that urban transportation policy is largely shaped by entrenched political forces that inhibit constructive change. The only realistic way to improve the system is to shield it from those influences and expose it to market forces by privatising it. This position is supported by empirical evidence based on simulations for the US and the UK's early experience with privatisation.     

‘Swift Rail’—funding local rail transit through smarter growth

Many medium-size cities suffer from severe traffic congestion and poor accessibility, limiting their potential to improve their economy, environment, and social equity. These problems could be addressed by creating high-quality transit linking such cities with suburban and other catchment areas through use of existing rail lines and abandoned former railway alignments. This concept, termed ‘Swift Rail’, would call for an innovative approach to local railway and transport development.     

THE MODERNISATION AND FRAGMENTATION OF THE UK'S TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE

This paper focuses on the creation of new organisational structures under New Labour's modernisation approach in three related areas: the creation of Network Rail as a replacement for the failed company, Railtrack, in the privatised rail industry; the part privatisation of National Air Traffic Services; and the part privatisation of the London Underground. In each case, the arguments of the Government and its critics will be examined. The analysis demonstrates that for each new structure the key objectives of risk transfer and value for money have not been achieved, and concludes with implications of the modernisation agenda for public policy.     

New development: Going off the rails? Rail franchising after the cancellation of the West Coast franchise competition

In August 2012, the UK's Department for Transport (DfT) announced the award of the new West Coast rail franchise to FirstGroup. The incumbent operator, Virgin Rail Group, then launched legal proceedings to challenge the decision. The DfT initially defended the award, but cancelled the franchise competition in October 2012 because it discovered serious errors in the procurement process. This article examines the key issues highlighted by this cancellation, and discusses their implications for the future of rail franchising.     

When does a public–private partnership (PPP) lead to inefficient cost management? Evidence from South Korea’s urban rail system

This paper investigates the impact of a public–private partnership (PPP) on the operational cost-efficiency of South Korea’s urban rail system. Seoul’s line 9, which is operated by a PPP, was compared with Seoul Metropolitan Rapid Transit (SMRT) which is entirely run by the public sector. Overall, no evidence was found that private operation led to clear and significant declines in costs to the public. Private shareholders, on the other hand, experienced a surprisingly high rate of return. The author explains why two characteristics defining a typical PPP—activity bundling and public–private risk-sharing—were behind this unintended outcome and makes suggestions to prevent other governments experiencing similar problems.     

惩罚性赔偿导向的生命全价值评估研究

基于寿命周期各阶段生命价值的特点,综合运用成本法、收益法、市场法,从生命物质价值、生命精神价值、惩罚性赔偿的生命基础价值与生命保障价值四个方面分项评估生命全价值。选择各阶段有代表性的生命全价值,同时提取惩罚性的安全公益基金作为预防性安全投入,实现既可维护受害者的生命价值,又能促进可持续的安全投入。     

Rail Franchising Matters—The Award of Open Access Rights on the ECML

In March 2006, the Rail Regulator made a controversial decision to award open access rights to a new train operator on the east coast route. A 10-year franchise had been granted to GNER on this route in 2005 on the assumption that there would not be competition from open access operators. This article examines this decision, concluding that it reflects confusion over responsibilities and the government's ambivalent attitude to rail privatization. Alternatives to the current ‘malaise’ are suggested.     

家庭风险金融资产配置对个人幸福感的影响研究

利用CHFS2015数据通过有序probit模型实证分析了家庭风险金融资产配置对个人幸福感的影响。研究发现,在城乡总样本中配置股票对个人幸福感有显著负向影响,配置银行理财产品对个人幸福感有显著正向影响,基金、债券均无显著影响。但在城市、农村子样本中,不同风险资产配置又体现出差异性,如股票对幸福感的影响在农村不再显著。我们还发现,我国家庭风险金融资产配置比例极低,股票比重较大,结构有待调整。     

大学生对社会主义核心价值体系认同的特点及对策分析

处在社会转型期的当代大学生,其价值观呈现出多元化的特点,以社会主义核心价值观引领大学生思潮,不断提高大学生对社会主义核心价值体系的认同度,是目前高校思想政治教育的重要任务。本文在简要分析大学生对社会主义核心价值体系认同特点的基础之上,重点强调了高校思想政治教育对于大学生主观价值判断的引导作用,并提出了高校在加强大学生对社会主义核心价值体系认同度教育的对策,对于增强高校思想政治教育的针对性和实效性具有重要参考意义。