财政金融支农的农民增收效应及作用机制研究

基于我国2000—2017年的省级面板数据,实证检验了财政支农与金融支农的农民增收效应及作用机制.研究结果表明:一是财政支农、涉农信贷和农业保险对农民增收具有显著正向促进作用;二是国际金融危机后财政支农的增收效应有所增强,农业贷款的增收效应则无显著变化;三是财政支农与农业保险的协同作用有助于促进农民增收,财政支农与涉农信贷对农民收入增长并没有产生显著的正向促进作用;四是财政支农有助于撬动涉农信贷和农业保险的发展进而促进农民增收.为促进农村经济发展和农民收入持续增长,需要优化财政金融安排,形成财政金融支农有效协同的体制机制.     

河南省助推农业经济发展的财政支农政策研究

农业是我国国民经济的基础,也是我国经济发展的基本保障。鉴于农业的弱质性,财政支持成为推动农业发展的主要手段。近年来,河南省财政支农支出稳定增长,但增长率波动缺乏稳定性,农业产出的增速也呈现波动趋势,财政支农政策对于农业高质量发展的助推作用仍需进一步研究。为发现财政支农政策与农业经济发展的关系,采用固定效应模型进行实证研究并对河南省地级市的数据进行异质性分析。结合河南省实际,应健全财政支农法规、财政支农有法可依,合理增加财政支农投入、扩大财政支农规模,大力扶持地方农业特色产业、优化财政支农结构,明确各级部门监管责任、提高财政监管力度,提高支农资金利用效率、缓解政府财政压力,以进一步优化财政支农政策,确保河南省农业实现高质量发展。     

我国财政和农业信贷促进农业经济发展的实证研究

完善财政金融政策,优化农业信贷配置关系,是推动我国经济增长的有效手段。在梳理相关文献资料的基础上,选用格兰杰因果关系检验法,对近年来我国财政支农及农业信贷对农业经济的促进作用进行分析。分析结果显示,我国对农业资金的投放总量及资金配置效率存在不足,财政支农资金几乎未发挥其促进经济增长的作用。必须从资金投入及资金配置上提高有效性,加大对回流农村的资金进行科学引导,健全农村财政支农体系建设,逐步完善农村金融监管专项机制并建立多样化的金融监督体系。     

技术进步、资金投入与农业产出增长

促进技术进步、加强财政金融支农力度是发展中国家促进农业经济发展不可或缺的战略性措施.然而,根据中国1978-2008年的实际数据进行实证分析的结果却显示:技术进步、财政投入和农户投资的产出效应较低,而农业贷款对农业经济增长有抑制作用,证明了由于我国缺乏稳定的农业资本形成机制而导致的资金配置效率低下这一事实.进一步分析发现,虽然财政金融支农力度在加强,但只有政府主导的农业资金投入有利于农业产出的提高却效率低下,而由市场主导的资金投入不利于农业经济的增长.最后,文章就如何实现农业经济平稳增长提出了简短的政策建议.     

关于财政与金融协同支农的思考与建议

财政支农与金融支农之间不是相互排斥、相互替代的关系,而是相互补充、相互支持的关系.基于此,本文立足于系统观的视角,运用协同理论,在分析财政金融支农的现状和问题的基础上,提出财政金融协同支农的原则,构建财政金融协同支农体系的理论框架,最后提出财政与金融协同支农的政策建议,供实践部门予以借鉴.     

财政支农和金融支农双管齐下助推达拉特旗新农村建设

财政支农和金融支农是驱动“三农”发展的“双核”。近年来,达拉特旗金融部门和财政部门齐心协力,“念好支农经,打好组合拳”。金融部门认真贯彻落实信贷支农政策,加大有效投放,加强投向管理;财政部门积极调配资金,优化支农结构,发展农业项目。信贷支农资金和财政支农资金的组合运用有效满足了农村资金需求,     

农村财政金融、农业科技创新与农村经济发展

基于农村财政金融、农业科技创新与农村经济发展间的作用联系,构建耦合协调度模型,选取2000-2014年中国的时序数据,分别对农村财政金融的子系统与农业科技创新之间,农村财政金融、农业科技创新与农村经济发展两个系统之间和三者总体间的耦合协调度进行实证分析。实证结果显示:农村财政金融子系统中,财政支农与农业科技创新的耦合协调度不强,需要加大财政投入的力度;农村财政金融、农业科技创新与农村经济发展三者之间始终存在着耦合关系,并且随着时间的推移耦合协调关系不断加强,但仍存在很大上升空间,需进一步发挥出农村财政金融对农业科技创新的支持促进作用,进而提高农村经济发展水平,缩小城乡差距,实现三者的有机统一。     

财政支农政策评价与监管研究

财政支农政策对发挥财政资金效能、促进农村经济发展起到重大推动作用,给现代农业发展注入了强劲活力,农村大变样、农业大发展、农民获实惠,但同时也暴露出一些薄弱环节。笔者通过对财政支农政策执     

河南省财政支农支出对农业产出的影响研究

本文基于河南省1999—2019年的时间序列数据，选取具有代表性的指标建立VAR模型，利用Eviews软件探究财政支农对农业产出的影响效应。实证结果表明：财政支农支出、农业机械化发展对提高农业产出水平具有明显驱动作用，且三者之间存在长期协整关系。虽然财政支农对农业产出始终存在正向冲击，但方差贡献率在逐期下降，原因可能在于相应的制度机制不完善，使得投入资金未能充分发挥经济效益。基于此，结合河南省农业发展新态势，本文从财政支农规模、结构和效率三个方面提出进一步优化财政支农政策的可行性建议。     

公共财政模式下财政支农政策选择

公共财政支持农业发展的理论依据和现实依据是:农业是自然风险与市场风险交织的弱质产业,经营风险大;农产品在供给和需求的不对称性;农业的比较利益低,在市场竞争中处于不利地位;加入WTO给中国农业带来的挑战.其存在的主要问题是:农业投资政策没有完全落实,财政投资农业的总量不足;财政重视农产品购销环节的补贴,忽略了农业生产科研方面的投入;财政支农资金结构不合理;财政对农业投入的管理机制尚不健全,无约束性,挪用挤占现象严重;政府对农业投资存在明显随意性.政策取向应是:加大政府农业投资力度,确保财政支农资金的总量的增长;改进财政支农方式,进一步调整财政支农支出结构;加快农村费改税的步伐,减轻农民负担;合理界定各级政府财政支农投资的职能范围.     

教育与资本怎样的前景怎样的现实

来自政府的声音: "动员各种社会资源,发展教育" 此次论坛上财政部长助理张少春的发言是最受关注的发言之一.他的演讲传达出的信息有这样几方面:第一,谈到现实,他认为全社会对教育的巨大需求与我国公共投入不足已成为我国教育事业发展的突出矛盾.近年来,以公共部门投入为主,多渠道筹措教育经费的教育投入机制成为解决这一问题的重要途径,也使得公共部门与私营部门在教育领域的合作日益密切.第二,谈到前景,他认为,1.中国经济持续、快速的增长对高技能人才产生巨大的需求,这为私营部门的参与提供了广阔空间.2.随着公共财政职能的不断完善,财政资金将在各项教育事业中重新进行分配,进一步优化财政支出结构,提高资金的使用效率.在"十一五"期间,我国将把公共支出的重点转移到农村.我们将逐步把全体农村适龄儿童的义务教育全部纳入公共财政体制.     

Debt and Taxes and Uncertainty

With a graduated personal tax schedule, Miller showed that there could be an equilibrium debt supply for the corporate sector as a whole. In the presence of uncertainty there is also a unique debt/equity ratio for each individual firm, and this ratio is related to the firm's operational risk characteristics. However, if firms merge and spin off in response to tax incentives, the identity of firms is ambiguous and only the corporate sector is a meaningful construct. These arguments are developed in both discrete and continuous models that employ extensions of the arbitrage-free pricing theory.     

East and west and north and south : A preliminary model

The Brandt report and other proposals for a new North-South world order continue to be the focus of lively debate, yet it is often argued that little concrete has emerged from their recommendations. A major reason for this, the author argues, is that the East-West conflict component is not sufficiently taken into consideration-East-West tensions are a severe constraint on and a determining factor of North-South relations. Using influence diagrams, the author develops a flexible framework for discussion and assessment of N/S-E/W relations.     

Director gender and mergers and acquisitions

Does director gender influence CEO empire building? Does it affect the bid premium paid for target firms? Less overconfident female directors less overestimate merger gains. As a result, firms with female directors are less likely to make acquisitions and if they do, pay lower bid premia. Using acquisition bids by S&P 1500 companies during 1997–2009 we find that each additional female director is associated with 7.6% fewer bids, and each additional female director on a bidder board reduces the bid premium paid by 15.4%. Our findings support the notion that female directors help create shareholder value through their influence on acquisition decisions. We also discuss other possible interpretations of our findings.     

Political corruption and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between political corruption and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that local corruption increases firm acquisitiveness but decreases firm targetiveness. The levels of corruption in acquirer areas relate positively to the bid premiums and negatively to the likelihood of deal completion. Corruption motivates acquiring firms to use excess cash for payment, which mitigates the negative effect of corruption on acquirer shareholder value. The evidence indicates that acquisitions help acquiring firms convert cash into hard-to-extract assets and relocate assets from the high to low corruption areas, thereby shielding their liquid assets from expropriation by local officials.     

Trust and cross-border mergers and acquisitions

A number of studies suggest that social trust matters for investment. Using different measures of trust from World Values Survey, we show that countries where people display higher levels of trust engage in more cross-border M&A activities. When they do, these acquirers pay lower premiums. To the extent that these acquirers also tend to engage in larger acquisitions as well, our findings suggest that a larger selection pool of potential targets and higher value targets enable these acquirers to negotiate for lower premiums. We do not find evidence of the significant effect for target country trust levels. Hence, trust may benefit those acquiring firms in cross-border transactions.     

Tournament-based incentives and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between tournament-based incentives, which are proxied by the difference between a firm's CEO pay and the median pay of the senior managers, and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that tournament-based incentives are positively related to firm acquisitiveness and acquiring firms' stock and operating performance. Further analysis indicates that positive acquisition performance increases the likelihood of the CEO being promoted from inside the acquiring firm. Our evidence is consistent with the view that tournament-based incentives motivate acquiring firms' managers to make greater efforts and take more risk that result in superior acquisition performance.     

Corporate Innovations and Mergers and Acquisitions

Using a large and unique patent‐merger data set over the period 1984 to 2006, we show that companies with large patent portfolios and low R&D expenses are acquirers, while companies with high R&D expenses and slow growth in patent output are targets. Further, technological overlap between firm pairs has a positive effect on transaction incidence, and this effect is reduced for firm pairs that overlap in product markets. We also show that acquirers with prior technological linkage to their target firms produce more patents afterwards. We conclude that synergies obtained from combining innovation capabilities are important drivers of acquisitions.