浅析纳税评估在基层税务部门的运用与发展

<正>一、深入开展纳税评估的背景和意义2010年修订的《纳税评估管理办法》指出:纳税评估是税务机关利用获取的涉税信息,对纳税人纳税申报情况的真实性和合法性进行审核评价,并作出相应处理的税收管理活动。比起2005年颁布的《纳税评估管理办法(试行)》中关于"纳税评估是指税务机关运用数据信息对比分析的方法,对纳税人和     

把握定位探索构建新时期纳税评估体系

随着纳税评估的运用,现行纳税评估体系在指导思想上定位模糊,法律制度上定位缺陷,《纳税评估管理办法(试行)》定位与形势发展要求相对滞后,影响到纳税评估机制作用的进一步发挥,成为新时期纳税评估体系完善发展的瓶颈。因此,我们既要肯定纳税评估取得的成效,也应认识到它的局限性。本着贯彻科学发展观,体现依法治税,构建和谐征纳关系精神,正确把握定位,探索构建新时期纳税评估体系尤为必要。     

纳税评估管理的若干原则

2005年3月国家税务总局出台了《纳税评估管理办法（试行）》（国税发[2005]43号），从而解决了各地税务机关纳税评估工作各自为政、混乱不规范的局面．步入统一规范管理阶段。     

建立我国纳税评估制度的思考

"征、管、查"三分离后,税务管理相对弱化,税务机关对纳税人无法实施有效的监控和管理,导致税款流失比较严重.为此,国家税务总局颁发了<纳税评估管理办法(试行)>(国税发[2005]43号,以下简称<办法>),出台了纳税评估制度.从实践探索的角度来看,征管改革是必需也是必要的,纳税评估在一定程度上也起到了积极作用.但笔者认为这项制度存在一些现实运用问题,其最大的弊端在于缺乏法律依据.     

试论外资企业如何强化控制和管理以提高完全成本加成率水平

随着《特别纳税调整实施办法(试行)》的发布试行,以境外关联交易为主的外资企业实时评估企业完全成本率的水平至关重要,如何强化控制和管理以提高完全成本加成率水平?本文对此问题进行了详细的展开讨论。     

当前纳税评估实践难点与对策

国家税务总局《纳税评估管理办法（试行）》（国税发[2005]43号）发布后．纳税评估在全国许多地区的税收管理实践中被广泛运用．为堵塞税收流失、强化税收征管和优化纳税服务发挥着越来越重要的作用。然而．随着实践的深入．一些带有普遍性的难题日益显现．正困扰和阻碍着纳税评工作的进一步发展。     

纳税评估的问题与建议

2005年3月31日国家税务总局颁布了《纳税评估管理办法(试行)》,第一次以规范性文件的形式对纳税评估工作提出了相关指导性要求。“纳税评估”是指税务机关运用数据信息对比分析的方法,对纳税人和扣缴义务人纳税申报(包括减免缓抵退税申请)情况的真实性和准确性做出定性和定量的判断,并采取进一步征管措施的管理行为。纳税评估究竟开展得怎么样呢?有什么问题?这是税务部门非常关注的问题之一。北京市海淀区国税局是对海淀行政区域内七万多户企业实施税收征管的行政机关。企业、行业众多,许多中小企业零负申报“、一般纳税人一般不纳税”等现象较普遍地存在。从2005年6月6日起,海淀区国税局新成立了第九税务管理所,由原稽查一所人员组成,负责征管青龙桥、上地、学院路等10个街道和西北旺镇、苏家坨镇、温泉镇、上庄镇、东升乡范围内的所有内资企业,主要办理税务登记变更和迁移手续、核定申报方式和应纳税额手续、纳税评估、实地勘察、重点企业的税源管理、金税工程发票协查工作等事项。由于纳税评估在海淀区乃至全国尚处于探索阶段,因此随着工作的不断推进深入,新情况、新问题不断出现,税务人员也在不断尝试,改进,使整个纳税评估体系适应海淀区这个大环境。针对目前纳税...     

从企业视角谈纳税信用评价

纳税信用作为税收遵从度评判的依据,不仅是社会信用体系的重要组成部分,而且构成了企业的一项社会资本,是企业参与市场竞争的重要资产。为了进一步完善纳税信用体系,优化服务举措,国家税务总局于2014年10月发布了《纳税信用管理办法(试行)》,明确了纳税信用管理的定义以及适用对象,并将纳税信用等级分为ABCD四类;于2018年发布了《国家税务总局关于纳税信用评价有关事项的公告》,完善了纳税信用评价范围.     

注重五个结合提高评估技能

纳税评估是当前税源管理部门的重点工作,也是加强税源管理和促进税收征管的重要手段。如何掌握纳税评估技能,提高纳税评估质量,是当前税收管理员面临最辣手、最现实、最迫切的问题。要想成为一名评估能手,决非一日之寒,必须具备一定的业务基础知识和较为成熟的工作实践经验。笔者认为提高纳税评估技能应当注重"五个结合"。一是分析会计制度与税法差异相结合。作为纳税评估人员,必须对会计法规、制度及相关指标运用十分精通,     

建立企业所得税纳税评估指标体系,加强税源管理

纳税评估是税源管理的重要手段。本文通过对石河子国税局税源管理及纳税评估现状进行概述,分析目前企业所得税纳税评估分析指标不完善、体系尚未建立,评估运用的方法和手段落后的问题,表明我们应建立纳税评估指标体系、更新纳税评估方法和手段,提高税源管理水平。     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.     

浅议金融机构的举证责任

金融纠纷案件是当事人以存单或进账单、对账单、存款合同、保险单、票据、证券等凭证为主要证据向人民法院提出诉讼的案件,对于不同种类金融纠纷的当事人的举证责任,我国现行的金融法律、法规及司法解释有不同的规定。由于金融机构的特殊法律地位,发生金融纠纷时存在有关当事人将最后偿付风险转移给金融机构承担的主观故意,在客观上会使金融机构难以提供相应的证据来对抗不法债权人的诉讼请求,而导致金融机构败诉。为此,对金融诉讼案件中金融机构的举证责任加以研究具有重要的实践意义。     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…