环境损害赔偿无过错责任原则利弊分析

目前,世界上许多国家都确立了环境损害赔偿的无过错责任原则。我国的大多数学者也肯定了这一原则在环境侵权事件中的运用,有关的法律法规也做了明确的规定。为了更好的运用这一原则,法律规定了一系列的免责事由,但未将行政机关的失职行为包括在内。本文即是通过对环境损害赔偿无过错责任原则的利弊分析,得出将行政失职行为作为环境侵权案件又一个免责事由的合理性。     

浅析精神损害赔偿在环境侵权领域的适用

环境侵权可能带来受害人财产、身体的损害已经毋庸质疑,但因环境侵权的特殊性,根据侵权责任理论、精神损害理论、外国司法实践,受害人遭受精神损害适用民法的精神损害赔偿是可能的。在这个过程中,精神损害赔偿所具有的社会功能的实现,使其在环境侵权适用中也是必要的、具有适用性的。     

论纯生态损害救济机制的完善

传统的环境侵权法侧重于对人身和财产的损害赔偿,忽视了对环境本身的损害救济。因此,有必要通过立法对环境侵权所造成的纯生态损害建立完善的救济机制,以实现真正意义上的环境损害救济。     

第四单元：知识产权保护与资产评估——知识产权保护的政策措施

此单元的演讲嘉宾为国家知识产权局协调管理司副司长曾武宗，最高人民法院民三庭副庭长孔祥俊，商务部条法司知识产权法律处处长陈福利，深圳市注册资产评估师协会秘书长王毅。他们分别从政策层面、知识产权海外经营、司法实践及评估服务多角度发表演讲，介绍了关于知识产权保护与资产评估方面宝贵的经验及成果，对知识产权战略的实施具有很大的推动作用。 孔祥俊副庭长在题为“知识产权侵权与损害赔偿”的演讲中，介绍了目前在知识产权侵权与损害赔偿中遵循的一些原则、发展的趋势及存在的一些问题，并希望能得到相关部门和行业的支持。 陈福利处长在“企业知识产权海外经营”的演讲中，结合自己的工作实际，简要介绍了在“走出去”过程中遇到的知识产权问题、知识产权纠纷问题，并希望得到相关部门和机构的支持，最后他还介绍了目前国家在稳步推进企业知识产权海外维权机制的建设情况。 王毅秘书长在题为“知识产权侵权损害赔偿评估研究”演讲中，从评估的角度对损害赔偿的相关问题进行了探讨。介绍了知识产权侵权损害赔偿的计算方法，对知识产权侵权损害赔偿评估和企业价值评估的异同进行了详细的比较，对损失赔偿计量标准作了初步探讨。他认为，评估师要成为一名损害赔偿评估专家，不仅需要扎实的企业价值评估功底和理论修养，同时还需通晓经济、统计、市场营销、财务会计及知识产权法等方面的知识。     

道路交通事故损害赔偿审判思路

当前，与道路交通事故损害赔偿相关的主要是人身、财产损害赔偿纠纷以及保险纠纷，审理依据主要包括《民法通则》及其贯彻意见、《保险法》、《道路交通安全法》、《最高人民法院关于确定民事侵权精神损害赔偿责任若干问题的解释》、《最高人民法院关于审理人身损害赔偿案件适用法律若干问题的解释》等。     

论侵犯著作权的法定赔偿制度之瑕疵

认定著作权的侵权事实并公正及时地解决著作权侵权损害赔偿纠纷,一直是困扰理论界和司法实务界的难题,本文从侵权行为的本质出发,指出现有著作权法对侵权认定及赔偿额所存在的欠缺;以主客观要件综合考虑确定法定赔偿额,适用惩罚与填平相结合的赔偿原则,严格限定侵权损害产生的精神损害赔偿.     

股东大会、董事会决议瑕疵之救济

对股东大会、董事会决议之瑕疵，起诉权应由股东和监事会或监事共同行使，救济措施应改“停止违法行为和侵害行为之诉”为“撤销之诉”“无效之诉”或“侵权损害赔偿之诉。     

法人侵权民事责任的归责原则

法人侵权责任的认定是法人侵权责任制度的重要内容,法人侵权责任的归责原则是确定法人侵权责任构成要件、举证责任的负担、免责条件以及损害赔偿的原则和方法。《法人侵权民事责任的归责原则》分析了我国法人侵权责任的表现形式,对于侵权行为法的归责原则与法人侵权的替代责任进行了研讨,对我国法人侵权民事责任的归责原则问题作出了阐述。     

浅析我国的侵权责任制度

侵权责任法具有以损害赔偿为中心的多重功能,应当平衡保护受害人和加害人。立法模式应当采取一般条款和全面列举的模式,处理好一般侵权法与特别侵权法的关系。本文从侵权责任法的制度方面对其进行简要分析。     

精神损害赔偿功能分析

财产损害赔偿,以恢复原状和填补损害为原则,关注的是财产价值。精神损害赔偿关注的是人的尊严、人的精神世界的安宁;人的生命是有限的,精神损害的程度和损害持续的时问应是精神损害赔偿重点关注的基本因素。从抚慰、填补、惩罚三个方面对精神损害赔偿的功能进行了分析。     

Short-sale refinancing and price adjustment speed to bad news: Evidence from a quasi-natural experiment in China

Short selling may accelerate stock price adjustment to negative news. However, the literature provides mixed evidence for this prediction. Using short-sale refinancing and a staggered difference-in-differences (DID) model, this paper explores the effect of short selling on stock price adjustment. Our results show that (1) short-sale refinancing improves the speed of stock price adjustment to negative news. This result holds after we control for endogeneity. (2) The positive relationship between short-sale refinancing and stock price adjustment speed is significant in subsamples of stocks with higher earnings management or lower accuracy of analyst forecasts, indicating that firms with more opaque information are more likely to be targeted by short sellers. In subsamples of stocks with a higher ownership concentration or lower ownership by institutional investors, short selling is more likely to increase the speed of stock price adjustment, indicating that ownership structure may influence negative news mining. (3) As short-sale refinancing exacerbates the absorption of bad news by stock prices, it increases crash risk. This study enriches the research on the economic consequences of short selling and provides empirical evidence supporting regulations on short selling in China.     

Guidelines for Manuscripts Submitted to The China Journal of Accounting Research

正The China Journal of Accounting Research"CJAR"(ISSN 1755-3091)publishes quarterly.It contains peer-reviewed articles and commentaries on accounting,auditing and corporate governance issues that relate to the greater China region.We welcome the submission of both theoretical and empirical research papers pertinent to researchers,regulators and practitioners.Authors should note:     

The China puzzle: Opportunities for accounting research

How can China achieve phenomenal economic growth despite what is considered as 'weak' institutions in market-based economies? Xu(2011) provides a framework to u...     

Aims and Scope

<正>The focus of the China Journal of Accounting Research is to publish theoretical and empirical research papers that use contemporary research methodologies to...     

Income smoothing and the cost of debt

The literature on income smoothing focuses on the effect of earnings smoothing on the equity market.This paper investigates the effect of income smoothing on th...     

The case for management history

This article defines the case for treating management history as a discrete subject area, although one closely related to business, accounting, labour, and industrial history. It seeks to concentrate on the nature, process, and practice of management as an activity within the organization, and to argue that it is important that modern British managers understand the intellectual and cultural roots of their profession, since without these they will tend to be swayed by short-term management 'fads'. Within the broad topic there are several identifiable sub-areas for potential exploration, including the comparative historical development of management between different countries, management institutions, managerial careers and labour markets, management structures, management skills, and management thought and theory.     

The life and career of John Spence Ogilvy (1805-71), the first chartered accountant to emigrate to Australia

So far as the available evidence allows, this paper examines the life and career of John Spence Ogilvy, foundation member of the Society of Accountants in Edinburgh in 1854, who emigrated to Melbourne in 1856, but did not play a part in the development of an organized accounting profession in Australia. The paper also attempts to explain the gap of thirty-two years between the formation of the first accounting bodies in Edinburgh and Melbourne.     

Female CFOs and loan contracting: Financial conservatism or gender discrimination? – An empirical test based on collateral clauses

Based on signaling and gender discrimination theory, we examine whether chief financial officer(CFO) gender matters to bank–firm relationships and the designing...     

Guidelines for Manuscripts Submitted to The China Journal of Accounting Research

<正>The China Journal of Accounting Research‘‘CJAR’’(ISSN 1755-3091)publishes quarterly.It contains peer-reviewed articles and commentaries on accounting,auditin...     

Bayesian Premium Rating with Latent Structure

We propose a fully Bayesian approach to non-life risk premium rating, based on hierarchical models with latent variables for both claim frequency and claim size. Inference is based on the joint posterior distribution and is performed by Markov Chain Monte Carlo. Rather than plug-in point estimates of all unknown parameters, we take into account all sources of uncertainty simultaneously when the model is used to predict claims and estimate risk premiums. Several models are fitted to both a simulated dataset and a small portfolio regarding theft from cars. We show that interaction among latent variables can improve predictions significantly. We also investigate when interaction is not necessary. We compare our results with those obtained under a standard generalized linear model and show through numerical simulation that geographically located and spatially interacting latent variables can successfully compensate for missing covariates. However, when applied to the real portfolio data, the proposed models are not better than standard models due to the lack of spatial structure in the data.