金融中介理论的发展：一个综述

早期金融中介思想主要在宏观上注重金融中介对经济发展的作用,把其理解为信用媒介和信用创造机构;传统金融中介理论提出了金融中介具有＂资产转换＂功能,推动了金融中介理论研究转移到其自身内在的功能;以交易费用理论和委托代理理论及其分析范式的应用为代表的金融中介理论,从内生经济角度回答了其产生和发展的主题,成为现代金融中介理论的代表性理论。     

理解金融脱媒:基于金融中介理论的诠释

已有文献对金融脱媒的理解多与各国的金融实践相联系,对金融脱媒的产生、作用机理和发展趋势的讨论缺少理论支持。本文首先就国内外文献对金融脱媒的定义进行了梳理并以此为基础明确了金融脱媒的概念,然后尝试以金融中介理论发展为脉络,利用金融中介理论中各观点的互补性,从多个角度对金融脱媒进行了诠释。     

从计量学视角研究我国RFID无线射频技术

本文基于CNKI数字出版平台文献源,对我国RFID技术研究文献进行计量统计,从年代分布、学科分布、研究层次、情报源分布、著者和机构分布、被引频次和关键词出现频次等方面进行统计分析,探讨我国RFID技术研究现状,为今后RFID技术的研究和发展提供参考依据。     

当代金融中介理论发展的特殊性与拓展空间

金融中介理论研究至今已开展了50年。这期间,虽然也曾产生出许多具有重要贡献的观点和经典的文献,但是与几乎是同时期发展起来的资本市场理论相比较,整体的应用性和影响力都不如资本市场理论那样强大。两种理论之间不平衡发展的主要原因在于理论研究定位不同,对实践的具体指导不同。探讨金融中介理论发展的特殊性和拓展空间,将有利于明确理论研究的未来发展方向,加强对多元化发展的金融中介机构作用的认识。     

金融中介发展促进科技创新作用的实证研究——基于京津冀的面板数据分析

金融中介对科技创新发挥着重要的作用。文章建立了金融中介影响科技创新的模型,通过对北京、天津、河北三地数据分析,采用面板数据单位根检验、面板数据协整检验,分析了科技型中小企业科技创新与金融中介支持的关系。研究表明,金融中介与科技创新之间存在因果关系,建议开展金融改革试验区建设、改善小微企业和"三农"金融服务,拓宽企业融资渠道。     

金融中介功能的理论研究和发展评析

由于功能问题在金融中介理论中占据了重要的地位,而在不同的时期,西方学者对于金融中介功能进行研究的观点又各有不同;因此,本文试着从西方学者对金融中介功能的不同认识角度来评析金融中介理论,以期使读者能较全面的了解金融中介理论的历史沿革和发展脉络。一、早期的金融中介     

中国农村信贷规模与农产品对外贸易关系研究——基于1978-2007年总量数据的实证检验

一、引言 金融发展和国际贸易因其对经济增长的重要作用而被视为当今世界经济发展的两大主题,为此两者的相关研究成为众多经济学家关注的焦点之一.然而金融发展与国际贸易的关系在研究中往往被金融与经济发展的关系所掩盖,对此研究的文献很少.     

金融中介发展与经济增长研究述评

根据熊彼特的经济发展理论,金融中介发展通过发现并支持企业家的创新而有利于长期经济增长.理论研究方面,已有文献主要从金融市场信息甄别成本降低、缓解消费信贷约束、分散创新风险等方面对金融发展促进经济增长的渠道展开论证.实证研究方面,这个领域早期的经验研究大多基于发达国家的截面数据,一般发现金融中介发展与经济增长正相关;上世纪90年代以来的研究则开始注重利用面板数据技术,控制估计方程中不可观测的异质性、度量误差、共时联立等内生性问题,已经发现一些支持金融中介发展有利于经济增长的经验证据,但在有关具体传导机制的识别上存在分歧.     

我国绿色金融研究前沿的文献计量研究

绿色金融是深化供给侧结构性改革、引领经济高质量发展的有效途径.通过文献计量法和可视化分析,量化评价了2000-2020年我国公开发表的有关绿色金融的310篇研究文献,结果表明:学术界对绿色金融的研究热点逐渐聚焦于"绿色信贷"等主题,内容上呈现出"绿色金融政策研究—国外案例研究—中国绿色金融发展量化研究"的演变态势,而研究前沿突出体现为"绿色金融"与"一带一路""碳排放交易市场"的融合研究;同时,研究发现我国绿色金融领域存在着概念框架缺乏、标准体系不完善、政策环境不健全、与经济建设不协同等问题,并就相关问题提出有针对性的建议,对于进一步促进中国绿色金融的发展具有重要的启示意义.     

区域金融中介发展与经济增长关系的实证研究

本文用多变量向量自回归(VAR)方法，研究了中国东、中、西部三个地区金融中介发展与经济增长的长期关系。运用过度识别约束的协整检验以及弱外生性的检验方法，我们发现了东部和中部地区金融中介发展与经济增长存在双向因果关系，西部地区经济增长对金融中介发展具有弱外生性。同时，我们也发现实际利率在不同地区对经济增长和金融中介发展的作用效果不尽相同。     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.     

浅议金融机构的举证责任

金融纠纷案件是当事人以存单或进账单、对账单、存款合同、保险单、票据、证券等凭证为主要证据向人民法院提出诉讼的案件,对于不同种类金融纠纷的当事人的举证责任,我国现行的金融法律、法规及司法解释有不同的规定。由于金融机构的特殊法律地位,发生金融纠纷时存在有关当事人将最后偿付风险转移给金融机构承担的主观故意,在客观上会使金融机构难以提供相应的证据来对抗不法债权人的诉讼请求,而导致金融机构败诉。为此,对金融诉讼案件中金融机构的举证责任加以研究具有重要的实践意义。     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

Separation of Unit of Account from Medium of Exchange

The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.