境外股东持股对我国商业银行经营绩效的影响研究

境外战略投资者的引入是否能够实质性地改善我国商业银行的公司治理从而提升经营绩效,这是我国银行业对外开放以来备受实务界、政策层和学术界广泛关注的重要课题。本文运用我国银行业33家上市或非上市商业银行在1998~2010年间的面板数据,实证研究境外股东持股如何影响我国商业银行的经营绩效。同时采用资产收益率和不良贷款率来度量经营绩效,并在控制了其他公司层面因素的影响后发现,境外股东的引入显著地改善我国商业银行的公司治理效力,提升经营绩效,表现为资产收益率的显著上升和不良贷款率的显著下降。根据实证研究结果,本文提出了有针对性的政策建议。     

我国上市银行公司治理存在的问题及改善对策

上市银行内部科学、规范的公司治理是维护所有股东及相关者利益、防范和化解金融风险、提高银行经营绩效、防止出现重大决策失误的制度保障。我国的上市银行在公司治理机制方面还存在"一股独大"、"委托—代理"、"三会"结构和专业委员会设置不合理、长期激励和约束机制不健全、中小投资者表决权利无体现等问题,本文对这些问题进行了详细阐述,并提出了相应的改善对策。     

浙江省上市公司监事会治理与公司价值分析

良好的公司内部治理环境是提升公司价值的重要制度保证。在公司治理领域,监事会治理往往被人们忽视,关于监事会治理的研究也远远落后于股权治理和董事会治理。本文以浙江省上市公司作为研究对象,对浙江省上市公司监事会治理特点与公司价值的关系进行了实证分析,并为改善公司监事会治理、提升公司价值提出建议,同时,也为从理论上深入研究上市公司监事会治理对公司价值的影响提供借鉴和参考。     

引进境外战略投资者对我国商业银行公司治理影响的实证研究

目前，我国银行领域出现了一个十分引人瞩目的现象：大中小商业银行通过出让部分股权，纷纷引进境外战略投资者，形成了商业银行引入战略投资者热潮。从理论上来说，商业银行积极引入境外战略投资者，不仅意在帮助实现股权结构的多样化，提高资本充足率，帮助银行境外募资上市，还在于可以促进我国中资商业银行改善公司治理结构、不断完善和促进中资商业银行风险管理和内部控制、提高商业银行业务和产品创新能力、促进中资银行国际化水平的提升、进一步强化国有商业银行的经营约束机制。境外战略投资者入股中资银行后是否能够帮助完善商业银行公司治理，这将成为本文的研究重点。     

地方政府干预、境外战略投资者引入与城市商业银行治理

本文以8家城市商业银行的42份年报作为研究样本,利用主元分析法实证研究了地方政府和境外战略投资者对城市商业银行公司治理的影响,及其作用于城市商业银行的具体机制。研究结果表明,地方政府对城市商业银行治理产生了负面影响,境外战略投资者在一定程度上抑制了地方政府对城市商业银行的干预,促进了城市商业银行治理的改善。为了提升城市商业银行公司治理水平,本文建议地方政府进一步退出城市商业银行,取消城市商业银行中境外战略投资者持股比例监管限制,鼓励外资派驻更多的董事和高管实质性参与城市商业银行的经营管理。     

机构投资者对创业板公司治理及价值表现之影响研究

本文以创业板上市公司和机构投资者为研究对象,研究机构投资者与上市公司治理和价值的双向影响。研究表明,创业板上市公司治理和机构投资者之间是良性循环,即机构投资者能改善上市公司的治理水平和价值表现,同时被改善治理水平和价值的上市公司会吸引更多的机构投资者持股。该研究不仅在理论上对创业板机构投资者的作用进行了肯定,也为我国监管机构如何促进机构投资者的发展提出相应的政策建议。     

境外上市、绑定机制与公司费用粘性

本文以同时在香港和大陆上市的AH股公司为研究对象,检验了境外上市对公司资源调整行为特征的影响。发现境外上市具有显著的绑定效果,显著降低了公司费用粘性;与非中央政府控股公司相比,中央政府控股公司境外上市导致的费用粘性降低程度更大、更显著。研究结果表明,到香港上市的公司面临更好的法律制度环境、市场环境与信息环境,从而提高了公司控制人追求控制权私有收益的成本,减轻了股东与管理层之间以及大股东与中小股东之间的利益冲突,抑制了公司管理层的机会主义行为,产生绑定效应,但是这种绑定效应受公司控制权特征及其所导致的控制人动机的影响,地方政府控股公司及非国有企业境外上市的绑定效应有所减弱。     

董事会对英国公司治理的影响

<正>英国公司治理的成效取决于多种因素，了解英国董事会在改善管理者与股权持有人公司其他利益相关者之间发挥的作用，对国内企业的公司治理机制和董事会决策机制的健全和完善，具有现实参考意义。随着公司在发达经济体和新兴经济体内的快速崛起和扩张，公司治理在当今时代变得尤为重要。英国公司治理的成效取决于多种因素，如股权结构、股东身份或董事会的运作，人们也越来越关注治理机制和董事会决策的影响。     

我国信托公司治理特征研究——基于引入境外战略投资者前后的比较

近年来,随着我国信托业市场竞争的日益加剧,我国信托公司越来越多地通过引入战略投资者,特别是境外战略投资者来改善其公司治理机制以提高自身绩效。本文以2004-2015年我国11家引入境外战略投资者的信托公司为研究样本,对我国信托公司引入境外战略投资者前后的特征进行了比较研究后发现,引入境外战略投资者后,信托公司在公司治理、盈利性以及资产规模方面优于引入前,表现为作为第一大股东的地方政府持股比例的下降,以及公司整体的盈利能力和资产规模的提升。除此之外,与传统观点认为的境外战略投资者较易通过董事会参与公司治理不同的是,其更多的是通过完善治理结构即信托委员会的设立来产生积极影响。     

国有商业银行上市后如何转变经营管理理念

当前，在金融体制改革不断深入的背景下，国有商业银行上市步伐明显加快，继中国建设银行和中国银行成功在香港联合交易所挂牌上市后，中国工商银行也在选择合适的时机和地点公开上市。通过股改上市引入境外战略投资者，国有商业银行初步实现了股权多元化，规范和改善了公司治理结构，市场化程度有了较大的提高。     

An Ohlson valuation framework for valuing corporate governance: The case of Taiwan

We examine the relation between a firm's market value, financial performance, and corporate governance as a cointegrated system in the Ohlson (1995) valuation framework. Using a comprehensive set of 29 governance measures in 4 categories for Taiwanese firms, we find that governance related to ownership structure and divergence between cash flow rights and control rights are important for a firm's market valuation. In particular, information about shareholdings of board directors and supervisors, shareholdings of controlling family, and voting rights are influential for firm value. Controlling for book value and residual incomes in the model, these governance measures track much of the remaining firm valuation that is unrelated to a firm's financial performance. Our findings provide some insight into the intrinsic value of corporate governance and the types of corporate governance mechanisms that are especially important for firms with similar ownership structure and controls.     

The Impact of Corporate Governance on the Financial Outcomes of Global Diversification

The tenets of agency theory suggest that: 1) managers may pursue investment strategies that are at odds with shareholder value, and 2) effective governance mechanisms can improve the quality of managerial decision-making and enhance the outcomes of corporate investment. Accordingly, using an agency theory lens, we hypothesize that the financial outcomes of global diversification are contingent on the quality of the multinational firm’s corporate governance: high (poor) quality corporate governance is associated with positive (negative) financial consequences attributable to global diversification. Using a sample of 5985 firm-year observations over the period 2002 through 2006, we find support for our hypothesis. The results are robust to using three different measures of global diversification, three different measures of financial outcomes (one accounting-based and two market-based measures), and two econometric methods to control for the endogeneity of the diversification decision.     

Mergers and acquisitions research in finance and accounting: Past,present, and future

This study presents an analysis of publication patterns and major themes in research on mergers and acquisitions in finance and accounting. We find that takeovers as mechanisms of governance, drivers of mergers, mechanisms of mergers, bank mergers, cross-border mergers, shareholder wealth effects of mergers and related events, and the role of financial experts and ownership structure form major themes of research in the finance area, while in accounting area major themes are corporate governance and accounting outcomes, predicting takeovers and their outcomes, valuation, financial reporting and takeover decisions, and financial reporting and performance.     

Accountability and value enhancement roles of corporate governance

We examine the twin roles of accountability and value enhancement of corporate governance in the context of financial reporting. We investigate the accountability role by examining the association between governance structures and abnormal accruals, and the value enhancement role by investigating the association between abnormal accruals explained by governance structures and future performance. We differentiate between governance mechanisms that have direct roles in the financial reporting process (audit related) from mechanisms that have indirect roles (board related). We find that independent and active audit committees and independent boards are important governance attributes for financial reporting. We show that both audit‐related and board‐related governance structures are value enhancing.     

成长性、代理冲突与公司财务政策

本文基于成长性、代理冲突与公司财务政策之系统关联的多维视角分析,着眼于将成长性差异作为一个关键变量时,考察其是否可以成为影响公司代理冲突及其治理与公司财务政策选择的一个重要基础。本文理论分析表明:作为一种制度环境———尤其是作为新兴/转轨经济国家行业与公司的典型特征,成长性差异显著影响公司财务政策;公司治理与公司业绩的关系受制于成长性的高低,成长性通过投资决策、融资选择与股利政策等关键财务政策的中介作用影响公司治理与其价值的相关性;在财务政策中投资决策更具有基础性,融资政策与股利政策都基于提高投资效率而进行选择,将成长性差异影响与公司投资决策相结合、或在公司的投资等关键财务政策的研究和实践之中深入考量成长机会影响,将使得代理冲突及其公司治理更具有针对性和有效性;高成长性可以成为公司治理环境改善的一种有效基础,深入关注(高)成长性的显著"公司治理效应",可以为公司代理冲突及其治理、以及其投融资选择等关键财务政策提供更为清晰的决策信号。     

关于开展我国财务管理理论研究的若干建议

本文以1996—2005年《会计研究》等七种核心刊物中关于财务管理的627篇文献为样本对我国财务管理理论研究进行了回顾和梳理。针对存在的问题,我们构建了适合中国特色的财务管理理论研究的框架体系：以财务管理环境为起点、行为财务理论和效率市场假说为两条主线,研究公司治理特别是控制权与财务决策行为的交互作用关系,最终传递到公司价值的形成。在此基础上,我们提出了若干适合我国财务管理理论研究的建议。     

中小上市公司债权融资结构优化的财务因素分析——以福建省为例

在企业债权融资结构中,不同的融资方式对于企业财务指标的相关性表现不一。本文采取多元回归的计量方法,解析影响福建省中小上市公司债权融资结构优化程度的财务指标,为公司的融资决策、合理配置债权结构以及提升公司治理水平提供参考,从而提高公司价值,增强投资者信心。     

Corporate Governance,Tax Avoidance,and Financial Constraints

We examine how corporate governance affects the relationship between corporate tax avoidance and financial constraints. Conditional on having poor governance, tax avoidance is associated with greater financial constraints and a greater likelihood of financial distress. In firms with strong governance, however, we find that tax avoidance does not have a negative impact on financial constraints. Our results suggest that tax avoidance is a less useful source of financing for constrained firms when they are plagued with potential agency problems and opaque information environments. Stronger governance mechanisms can help firms mitigate the negative consequences of tax avoidance.     

The Influence of Country‐ and Firm‐level Governance on Financial Reporting Quality: Revisiting the Evidence

This paper examines how firm‐level governance and country‐level governance interplay in shaping financial reporting quality. Using IFRS adoption as a source of variation in firms’ reporting discretion, and a large sample of European firms that mandatorily switch to the new set of standards, we find that in countries with low enforcement and weak oversight over financial reporting, only firms with strong board‐level corporate governance mechanisms experience an increase in financial reporting quality, consistent with firm‐ and country‐level governance mechanisms being substitutes. However, in countries with high enforcement and strict oversight over financial reporting, firms with either strong or weak board‐level governance mechanisms experience an increase in financial reporting quality, even if the increase is larger for the former group. Overall, our findings indicate that in the debate about the effects of governance on the quality of financial reporting, it is important to consider both country‐ and firm‐level corporate governance mechanisms.     

The effect of option listing on financing decisions

This paper investigates the effect of option listing on corporate financing decisions. Firms experience a significant drop in leverage, which is driven mainly by an increase in new equity issues. This effect is more prominent in firms with greater information asymmetry and lower percentages of quasi-index and transient investors before listing and those with active options trading after listing. After options are listed, the newly listed firms hold more cash and engage in more acquisitions, which are funded mainly by equity issues. These findings suggest that option listing has a significant impact on financing decisions because of lower information asymmetry and that firms use the post-listing equity to build up financial slack and support major investments, such as acquisitions.