规范外汇收支情况表审核业务满足国家外汇管理需要

出台《外汇收支情况表审核指导意见》的背景最近几年,有关部委在对外商投资企业联合年检时,要求从事年度会计报表审计的注册会计师在完成审计工作后,还要代企业编制外汇收支情况表并予以审核,由注册会计师和企业管理当局共同签字和盖章。虽然这项规定为注册会计师开辟了新的业务源,但也产生了一些问题:一是要求注册会计师代为编制外汇收支情况表并予以审核,既降低注册会计师的审核独立性,又混淆管理当局的责任和注册会计师的责任。二是有的部门将该项业务视作审计工作中的附属业务,不主张收取费用或按标准收取费用,而注册会计师认为外汇收支…     

浅谈对外商投资企业外汇收支情况表的审计

根据国家外汇管理局、财政部联合发布的《关于调整外商投资企业外汇年检“外汇内容表”的通知》(汇发[2002]124号文),自2003年起外商投资企业进行外汇年检时,要求向当地外汇局报送经中国注册会计师审计的《外汇收支情况表》。外汇收支情况表反映外商投资企业与境外企业、机构、个人进行的经济交易以及与境内企业、机构、个人进行的符合外汇管理规定的外币计价、结算交易。笔者结合自己的审计实务经验,就有关的审计程序、工作底稿和需要注意的问题谈一些看法。 关于审计程序由于对《外汇收支情况表》的审计一般是在对企业…     

外商投资企业外汇年检相关问题探析

外商投资企业外汇年检是我国一项行政监督管理制度，也是重要的外汇管理服务平台和外汇监测统计手段。本文阐述外汇年检工作的基本性质及功能，揭示当前外汇年检存在的主要问题及其原因，分析外汇收支情况表编制与审核的特点及问题，明确外汇年检关系人的分工和责任，提出改进和加强外商投资企业外汇年检工作的对策措施。     

中注协发布关于事务所执行企业外汇年检业务有关问题的通知

针对一些会员反映在执行外商投资企业外汇年检业务中遇到的问题,特别是需要对《国家外汇管理局关于改进外商投资企业外汇年检工作有关事项的通知》(汇发[2004]7号)涉及的审计报告问题予以明确,经商国家外汇管理局有关部门,3月18日中注协发布关于事务所执行企业外汇年检业务有关问题的通知。内容包括:(1)会计师事务所应当严格按照《独立审计具体准则第7号-审计报告》的要求出具审计报告。(2)会计师事务所应当按照外汇管理部门的要求随审计报告附送“外汇收支情况表”,但不在审计报告中以文字说明外商投资企业在外汇收支方面是否遵守外汇管理…     

外汇收支情况表的设置原理与编制方法

国家外汇管理局、财政部汇发[2002]124号文件规定设置“外汇收支情况表”，并要求报送该表时必须附有会计师事务所出具的“外汇收支情况表审核报告”。现根据国家外汇管理局资本项目司审定的《如何编制外汇收支情况表》（以下简称《编表说明》）的相关内容，讨论外汇收支情况表（以下简称外汇表）的设置和填报。     

外汇收支情况表的几个特殊项目

作为外商投资企业外汇年检的主要报表“外汇收支情况表”（报送前须经注册会计师审计并出具审核报告），共设置资产项目、负债和经常项目差额项目各10个（负债和经常项目差额项目以下统称负债项目），其中有6个资产项目和9个负债项目可以用查账法从会计账务的相关明细科目上直接查到，另5个项目情况特殊，无法从明细科目上直接查到。因此，深入研究这5个特殊项目的填报，对迅速、准确地编制外汇收支情况表有重要作用。     

中注协转发国家外汇管理局文件支持外汇年检改革扩大专业服务领域

为深入贯彻落实国务院办公厅转发财政部<关于加快发展我国注册会计师行业的若干意见>(国办发[2009]56号),积极拓展会计师事务所专业服务领域,在学习实践活动整改落实阶段,中注协与国家外汇管理局就会计师事务所更好地服务于外商投资企业外汇年检工作进行了深入沟通和协调.     

外方股东留存利润监管

2012年,对外商投资企业的外汇年检中,外汇局以《外商投资企业外方权益确认表》替代了原有的《外汇收支情况表》,侧重于外方股东权益的数据统计。本文据此对外商投资企业外方股东的利润产生及留存情况进行分析,并对其影响和风险防范的管理提出建议。     

改进外汇年检提高管理绩效

始于1995年的外商投资企业外汇年检工作（下称“外汇年检工作”）最初是为了适应1994年汇率并轨后将外商投资企业纳入结售汇管理的形势,通过年检工作强化对外资企业在资本金到位、外汇账户开直、外汇收支行为以及对外借债等方面的合规性要求。     

多措并举 充分发挥外汇年检的作用

推行外商投资企业网上联合年检，旨在加强各部门之间的交流和沟通，形成监管合力。有利于规范外商投资企业财务收支行为，有利于各投资方资金安全和合理运用，有利于改善外商投资环境，但实际年检效果并不尽人意，年检的目的没有得到充分的体现，还存在影响外汇年检效果的诸多因素，需要采取多种措施以彰显外汇年检的必要性，充分发挥外汇年检的作用。[第一段]     

教育与资本怎样的前景怎样的现实

来自政府的声音: "动员各种社会资源,发展教育" 此次论坛上财政部长助理张少春的发言是最受关注的发言之一.他的演讲传达出的信息有这样几方面:第一,谈到现实,他认为全社会对教育的巨大需求与我国公共投入不足已成为我国教育事业发展的突出矛盾.近年来,以公共部门投入为主,多渠道筹措教育经费的教育投入机制成为解决这一问题的重要途径,也使得公共部门与私营部门在教育领域的合作日益密切.第二,谈到前景,他认为,1.中国经济持续、快速的增长对高技能人才产生巨大的需求,这为私营部门的参与提供了广阔空间.2.随着公共财政职能的不断完善,财政资金将在各项教育事业中重新进行分配,进一步优化财政支出结构,提高资金的使用效率.在"十一五"期间,我国将把公共支出的重点转移到农村.我们将逐步把全体农村适龄儿童的义务教育全部纳入公共财政体制.     

Debt and Taxes and Uncertainty

With a graduated personal tax schedule, Miller showed that there could be an equilibrium debt supply for the corporate sector as a whole. In the presence of uncertainty there is also a unique debt/equity ratio for each individual firm, and this ratio is related to the firm's operational risk characteristics. However, if firms merge and spin off in response to tax incentives, the identity of firms is ambiguous and only the corporate sector is a meaningful construct. These arguments are developed in both discrete and continuous models that employ extensions of the arbitrage-free pricing theory.     

East and west and north and south : A preliminary model

The Brandt report and other proposals for a new North-South world order continue to be the focus of lively debate, yet it is often argued that little concrete has emerged from their recommendations. A major reason for this, the author argues, is that the East-West conflict component is not sufficiently taken into consideration-East-West tensions are a severe constraint on and a determining factor of North-South relations. Using influence diagrams, the author develops a flexible framework for discussion and assessment of N/S-E/W relations.     

Director gender and mergers and acquisitions

Does director gender influence CEO empire building? Does it affect the bid premium paid for target firms? Less overconfident female directors less overestimate merger gains. As a result, firms with female directors are less likely to make acquisitions and if they do, pay lower bid premia. Using acquisition bids by S&P 1500 companies during 1997–2009 we find that each additional female director is associated with 7.6% fewer bids, and each additional female director on a bidder board reduces the bid premium paid by 15.4%. Our findings support the notion that female directors help create shareholder value through their influence on acquisition decisions. We also discuss other possible interpretations of our findings.     

Political corruption and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between political corruption and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that local corruption increases firm acquisitiveness but decreases firm targetiveness. The levels of corruption in acquirer areas relate positively to the bid premiums and negatively to the likelihood of deal completion. Corruption motivates acquiring firms to use excess cash for payment, which mitigates the negative effect of corruption on acquirer shareholder value. The evidence indicates that acquisitions help acquiring firms convert cash into hard-to-extract assets and relocate assets from the high to low corruption areas, thereby shielding their liquid assets from expropriation by local officials.     

Trust and cross-border mergers and acquisitions

A number of studies suggest that social trust matters for investment. Using different measures of trust from World Values Survey, we show that countries where people display higher levels of trust engage in more cross-border M&A activities. When they do, these acquirers pay lower premiums. To the extent that these acquirers also tend to engage in larger acquisitions as well, our findings suggest that a larger selection pool of potential targets and higher value targets enable these acquirers to negotiate for lower premiums. We do not find evidence of the significant effect for target country trust levels. Hence, trust may benefit those acquiring firms in cross-border transactions.     

Tournament-based incentives and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between tournament-based incentives, which are proxied by the difference between a firm's CEO pay and the median pay of the senior managers, and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that tournament-based incentives are positively related to firm acquisitiveness and acquiring firms' stock and operating performance. Further analysis indicates that positive acquisition performance increases the likelihood of the CEO being promoted from inside the acquiring firm. Our evidence is consistent with the view that tournament-based incentives motivate acquiring firms' managers to make greater efforts and take more risk that result in superior acquisition performance.     

Corporate Innovations and Mergers and Acquisitions

Using a large and unique patent‐merger data set over the period 1984 to 2006, we show that companies with large patent portfolios and low R&D expenses are acquirers, while companies with high R&D expenses and slow growth in patent output are targets. Further, technological overlap between firm pairs has a positive effect on transaction incidence, and this effect is reduced for firm pairs that overlap in product markets. We also show that acquirers with prior technological linkage to their target firms produce more patents afterwards. We conclude that synergies obtained from combining innovation capabilities are important drivers of acquisitions.