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我国微型金融差异化发展的比较选择 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
近年国际微型金融呈差异化发展势态。根据"需求追随模式"理论,必须因地制宜地选择适当发展模式以完善可持续发展的微型金融运行机制。文章通过对我国不同区域微型金融发展的绩效比较,借鉴国外微型金融差异化发展模式的经验,分析了我国不同区域微型金融发展模式的选择依据及取向,提出扶持微型金融可持续发展的相关政策建议。 相似文献
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宁夏自治区掌政镇的农村资金物流调剂中心是目前农村微型金融发展领域的重要创新,被誉为中国农村新型金融发展领域的"掌政模式"。本文以此为例,通过对该中心的调研与分析,探讨我国农村微型金融模式的创新与发展。 相似文献
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新型城镇化与微型金融党的十八大报告中提出了"新型城镇化",强调了"工业化和城镇化良性互动、城镇化和农业现代化相互协调"发展。这不同于以往低成本、快速扩张的城镇化模式。新型城镇化更注重质量与效率的内涵式效益型增长,强调"城乡统筹、城乡一体、产城互动、节约集约、生态宜 相似文献
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近年来,国内外微型金融扶贫模式取得了较大发展,而国内拾荷模式、乡村金融服务站、农地金融和社区发展基金等金融扶贫模式也各具特色。与国家集中连片特殊困难地区扶贫攻坚战略相对应,河北省提出了打造"环首都扶贫攻坚示范区"的战略目标,而借鉴国内外金融扶贫模式,以金融手段推进"环首都扶贫攻坚示范区"建设就成为必然选择。 相似文献
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本文对国际微型金融的历史、现状和未来的发展方向进行了综述。经过三十多年的发展,微型金融已经从传统的依靠捐赠资金和政府补贴的模式转变为自负盈亏的可持续发展的模式,其发展理念的演变、微型金融领域的创新对我国农村金融的发展具有借鉴意义。 相似文献
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拉美微型金融在世界小额信贷领域具有较大影响,形成了一种独特模式,也有许多值得我们学习的经验。拉美三国微型金融发展特点拉美地区微型金融发展迅速,在为微型企业和低收入群体提供金融服务方面发 相似文献
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熊惠平 《上海金融学院学报》2013,(2):58-63
农村新型金融组织建设,依赖于整个社会(区域)的金融生态和农村金融生态,而农村小额信贷及其瞄准机制,是考察这一生态的重要观测点。中外小额信贷的运行历程和现状表明,在瞄准偏差的利益博弈中,农村小额信贷要实现“真扶贫”而“扶真贫”的目标仍然要走很长的路。其中深藏着农村新型金融组织建设取得实质性成效的全部要害。通过不断的制度创新和技术创新以抵消至少缓和高成本的压力,构建利益表达一协调一解决的良性机制.才是“纠偏”的关键。 相似文献
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土地问题是中国社会问题的核心。从中国的"二元经济"结构入手,研究土地银行是非常有意义的课题。本文研究发现,二元分割的经济结构对土地产权的交易更容易产生"败德行为",并加深"二元经济"的对立;不完整的产权制度造成了比较混乱的"多中心主体"的利益格局,出现"弱化一方,增强另一方"的经济权利的现象,造成土地资源配置的低效率;"土地货币"却是政府对土地定价权独占的衍生物,通过控制"土地货币"的发行量来增减财政收入。但它们严重地妨碍了土地资本化的深化,并且不利于土地银行业务的拓展。 相似文献
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Financial intermediation theory posits that a smaller loan size triggers a higher cost per dollar lent. This leads to question whether microfinance can become a self-sustainable industry. Hence, in microfinance innovations like loans without collateral, progressive loans, solidarity groups and relational lending are employed to reduce asymmetric information costs, adverse selection, and moral hazard while serving the poorest people. Crucially, we find a non-linear U-shaped effect of loan size on financial and social efficiencies. This reconciles the two opposite strands of the literature, aligning microfinance and banking central principles. The major implication of this study is that, unlike banking, microfinance institutions can grant small size loans while simultaneously obtaining high levels of financial and social efficiency. Indeed, our findings do not support the widely debated mission drift assumption since loan size does not generate a trade-off between financial and social outcomes. Therefore, loan size is a core management variable. 相似文献
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小额信贷社会绩效在国际上逐渐引起重视,要实现我国普惠制农村金融目标,应该结合我国实际-Yr,~小额信贷社会绩效管理.本文研究普惠金融下小额信贷社会绩效管理的总体目标、内容和基本过程,指出小额信贷社会绩效评价指标设计是社会绩效管理的关键,并对社会绩效评价指标设计的原则、内容和一些相关问题进行探讨,为我国小额信贷发展提供有益的参考和指导. 相似文献
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本文利用百色市432户贫困农户的问卷调查数据对微型金融与贫困居民收入增长之间的关系进行了实证分析,结果显示:微型金融对百色市贫困居民收入存在直接影响,但影响程度较小;微型金融通过社会资本途径对提高贫困居民的收入水平作用明显.因此,应充分发挥微型金融在反贫困中的作用. 相似文献
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本文利用SPSS17.0分析软件对恩施土家族苗族自治州的198份样本数据进行统计学分析和回归分析的结果表明,我国的微型金融机构(MFIs)出现了使命漂移的趋势。但MFIs使命漂移既有MFIs"利润驱动"的因素,也有贫困农户"主动放弃"和贷款给农户带来累积正面效应的因素。 相似文献
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针对我国农村小额信贷资金使用效率低下的现状,本文从正确认识政府财政职能和金融职能等三个方面的关系出发,分析了政府加大农村地区公共事业建设的财政投入,建立农村社会公共事业财政保障机制和农业保险体系的路径、思路和方法,以有效促进农民增收,增强农户融资能力,达到提高农村小额信贷效率的最终目的。 相似文献
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Promoting Entrepreneurship at the Base of the Social Pyramid via Pricing Systems: A case Study 下载免费PDF全文
J. Lara‐Rubio A. Blanco‐Oliver R. Pino‐Mejías 《International Journal of Intelligent Systems in Accounting, Finance & Management》2017,24(1):12-28
Historically, microfinance institutions (MFIs) have played a significant social role by helping people at the base of the socio‐economic pyramid escape from social exclusion through the creation of microenterprises. However, international banks have recently started competing in the microfinance sector. In this adverse environment, MFI management tools should be more innovative and technologically advanced to increase efficiency, solvency and profitability and to compete with commercial banks on equal terms. This study therefore strives to develop a credit‐risk management tool based on a multilayer perceptron (MLP) credit‐scoring model for a Peruvian MFI, and to calculate the capital requirements and microcredit pricing on both internal ratings‐based (IRB) and standardized approaches, analysing the impact of these models on the management of the MFI. Our findings show that the implementation of an IRB approach with default probabilities obtained from an MLP credit‐scoring model produces the best benefit by the MFIs in terms of higher accuracy (reduction of misclassification costs by 13.78%), lower capital requirements (in the range of 8.5–78%) and the best risk‐adjusted interest rates. Furthermore, with the establishment of interest rates adjusted to the real risk of each client, MFIs are fairer and more socially engaged by preventing economically viable low‐risk projects from becoming unviable due to excessive interest rates. This leads to the creation of more small businesses by people from the base of the socio‐economic pyramid and greater economic development and social cohesion. The IRB model should therefore be implemented to improve MFI solvency, profitability, efficiency, survival, management and social performance. 相似文献
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《The British Accounting Review》2018,50(2):199-213
We investigate the relationship between size (measured by total assets and number of active borrowers) and growth for a worldwide sample of microfinance institutions with different ownership forms (micro-banks, NGOs, cooperatives/credit unions and non-bank financial institutions) and commercial orientation (profit and not-for-profit) drawn from 120 countries over the period 2000 to 2014. Using a dynamic panel data model, we find little evidence that size confers growth advantages to microfinance institutions. We find some evidence that growth rates for credit unions and microfinance institutions with a not-for-profit commercial orientation present negative persistence. The variability of growth rates differs across the size distribution of microfinance institutions, and this result is consistent across commercial orientation and ownership form. Other factors affecting the growth of microfinance institutions include age (new microfinance institutions grow faster than young and mature counterparts), levels of bad debt, efficiency and regulation. 相似文献