机构投资者持股对创业板上市公司成长性的影响研究

随着机构投资者在公司治理中发挥越来越重要的作用,其对上市公司的业绩产生了越来越显著的影响。成长性是衡量创业板上市公司业绩的重要指标,本文以285家我国创业板上市公司为样本,研究了机构投资者持股对创业板上市公司成长性的影响。研究结果表明,机构投资者持股比例越高,公司成长性越高。     

保险公司持股偏好及持股对上市公司经营业绩影响的研究——来自中国A股市场的经验证据

2015年开始,保险公司在股票二级市场的频繁举牌成为保险业界、监管机构和社会公众普遍关注的热门现象,保险公司作为大股东持股上市公司,能否提升上市公司的经营业绩？保险公司是否是优质的机构投资者？本文选取中国A股市场2006～2015年上市公司的数据,采用Tobit模型对保险公司作为前十大股东持股的上市公司的特征进行了实证研究。研究发现：寿险公司作为大股东,其持股比例与上市公司的经营业绩、公司规模、发展能力、流通股比例、第一大股东持股比例、股票回报率显著正相关,与贝塔系数负相关;财险公司作为大股东,其持股比例与上市公司的经营业绩、公司规模、发展能力、流通股比例、股票回报率显著正相关。此外,本文进一步采用多元线性回归模型对保险公司作为大股东持股与上市公司经营业绩二者的关系进行了实证分析,结果显示：寿险公司持股可以显著提升上市公司下一期的经营业绩;财险公司持股对上市公司下一期经营业绩则无显著影响。     

机构投资者、异质性与上市公司税务激进

本文以2009～2016年沪深两市A股上市公司为样本,实证研究了中国机构投资者总体及异质机构投资者持股对上市公司税务激进的影响。研究发现,机构投资者持股比例与上市公司税务激进程度显著正相关,即机构投资者持股比例越高,上市公司税务行为越激进。对机构投资者进行划分比较后发现,压力敏感型机构投资者对上市公司税务激进行为的影响力较弱,不能有效发挥治理作用,而压力抵制型机构投资者持股会对被投资企业的税收活动带来有利影响,增加上市公司税收激进程度,发挥了重要的治理作用。将样本按照最终控制人进行划分后发现,压力抵制型机构投资者对被投资公司税务激进程度的促进作用在非国有企业中更明显。     

机构投资者持股、股权特征和信息披露质量

研究分析机构投资者持股对上市公司信息披露质量的影响,并进一步探索了异质机构及其所处股权环境在其中的作用. 研究发现,机构投资者整体能够提高上市公司信息披露质量;当股权集中且存在稳定型机构时,机构持股比例与信息披露质量显著正相关;当股权集中且存在交易型机构时,二者显著负相关. 这就要求我国进一步完善信息披露制度、机构投资者多元化和股权分置改革制度.     

机构投资者降低了股价崩盘风险吗?

本文以2003-2013年中国A股上市公司为样本,考察了机构投资者持股比例与股价崩盘风险之间的关系。研究发现,机构投资者持股显著增大了公司股价未来崩盘的风险。在考虑了机构投资者异质性和内生性等因素的影响后,该结论依然成立。进一步研究发现,在信息不对称程度较高的公司中,机构投资者持股比例与股价崩盘风险之间的正相关关系更强;公司所在地区的制度环境越完善,上述正相关关系越弱。渠道分析表明,机构投资者对股价崩盘风险的正向影响一定程度上源于它加剧了信息不对称。本文拓展了股价崩盘风险影响因素研究,丰富了机构投资者持股经济后果的相关文献,对监管部门积极引导机构投资者、维护资本市场平稳健康发展,具有一定的启示意义。     

机构投资者对企业业绩影响的实证研究——来自于我国中小板企业的证据

实证研究机构投资者对企业业绩的影响,发现机构投资者持股比例与企业业绩正相关,机构投资者持股越多,对于企业的监督管理作用就越明显,企业业绩越好.而对不同类别机构投资者的研究发现,基金类机构投资者发挥了最主要的作用,其他类机构投资者作用不明显.机构投资者持股比例制衡度与企业业绩没有显著的相关关系.为了推动我国资本市场的良性发展,应加快发展机构投资者,改善市场结构,让机构投资者能够更积极地参与到公司治理当中.同时,应在根本上解决“一股独大”的问题,使机构投资者从“价值的发现者”转变为“价值的创造者”,成为企业业绩提升的重要力量.     

机构投资者持股与会计盈余宣告的信息含量

本文以我国2001—2004年机构投资者持股的上市公司为样本，从机构投资者对上市公司信息利用状况的视角出发，分析了机构投资者持股与会计盈余宣告信息含量的关系，研究结果发现：机构投资者能够相对较早地解读会计盈余信息，其持股比例越高，盈余宣告后的市场反应越小．会计盈余宣告的信息含量越低。在会计盈余宣告前，机构投资者的持股比例高低与市场的累计超额回报正相关；而在盈余宣告后，机构投资者待股公司的市场累计超额回报出现反转。     

机构投资者与会计信息质量之关系的实证研究

从会计信息披露的可靠性、相关性、及时性和客观性的角度入手,构建了一个会计信息质量的综合指数,采用多元回归分析的方法对我国机构投资者与上市公司会计信息质量之关系进行了实证研究,并分析了股权分置改革的实施对上述关系的影响.研究结果表明:股权分置改革前后,机构投资者的持股比例、持股的机构投资者数量、前十大流通股东中机构投资者的数量均与会计信息质量正相关;股权分置改革不会影响上述相关关系.     

投资者保护、大股东持股比例与现金持有量

以2005～2011年沪深两市A股391家上市公司为样本研究投资者保护、大股东持股比例和现金持有量的关系,研究结果表明,大股东持股比例与现金持有量间呈倒"U"型关系。进一步按照投资者保护程度的高低对样本进行分组,研究发现,当大股东持股比例小于48%时,投资者保护程度高的组,大股东持股比例和现金持有量呈显著正相关关系;当大股东持股比例大于48%时,投资者保护程度高的组,大股东持股比例和现金持有量呈显著负相关关系。     

异质机构投资者持股对上市公司盈余持续性的影响研究

通过对我国A股市场数据的实证检验和分析,检验不同类型的机构投资者持股行为对公司盈余持续性的影响.研究发现,我国A股市场上市公司存在盈余持续性,并且现金流量的持续性要高于会计应计的持续性;机构投资者持股比例越高,公司盈余持续性越强;独立机构投资者持股比例大的公司盈余持续性较强,非独立机构投资者持股比例对上市公司盈余持续性无显著影响;机构投资者持股集中度越高的公司盈余持续性越强.     

机构投资者与上市公司年报披露及时性的实证研究

我们运用Logit模型检验机构投资者持股量与上市公司年报披露时间差异之间的关系时发现,机构投资者促进了上市公司年报的及时披露。但是,机构投资者在促进上市公司年报及时披露的程度与整个证券市场环境相关。在证券市场整体牛市时,机构投资者似乎对上市公司年报披露是否提前并不产生影响,但是当股票市场整体处于熊市时,机构投资者对会计信息的需求愿望比较强烈,机构投资者持股量与上市公司提前披露年报显著正相关。这说明了机构投资者只是会计信息的外部使用者之一,机构投资者促进了上市公司年报及时披露,机构投资者没有降低信息披露的质量。     

The impact of the new Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises (ASBE) on financial results of mainland Chinese listed companies

Effective 1st January 2007, 38 new Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises (ASBE) had become applicable to listed companies in mainland China. Research based on these latest standards will help us understand the current accounting harmonisation process in China. Previous studies, though rather scarce, had compared financial statements of companies simultaneously being listed on the mainland and Hong Kong. However, the very recent impact of the new ASBE has not been taken into account. Therefore, the present study focuses on domestic Chinese companies after implementation of the new ASBE. The financial figures of each item reported under the old Chinese Accounting Rules and Regulations and the new ASBE were collected in pairs and were analysed. Except for the test results on total assets and shareholders' equity, the other results revealed no significant differences between the paired figures of net assets per share, operating revenue, profit before tax, net profit, net profit after extraordinary gains and losses, basic earnings per share, net cash flow from operating activities and the per share value.     

Has Adoption of IFRS Increased Non–North American Institutional Investment in the Canadian Stock Markets?

We investigate whether non–North American (non‐NA) institutional investment in firms listed on the Canadian stock markets increased between the pre‐ and post‐IFRS adoption periods relative to such investment in firms listed on the U.S. stock markets. Prior to IFRS adoption, Canada had high‐quality financial reporting standards that were similar to the U.S. standards. As consequences of IFRS adoption, Canadian financial statements became more comparable with European and other IFRS country financial statements and less comparable with neighboring U.S. financial statements. Thus, a question of interest is whether the enhanced comparability with non‐NA companies was beneficial in terms of attracting non‐NA investment to Canadian companies versus U.S. companies. We find that there was no significant change in non‐NA institutional investment in Canadian firms relative to U.S. firms for the very largest (fifth quintile) and for smaller (first, second, and third quintiles) Canadian companies. However, intermediate‐sized Canadian companies in the fourth size quintile lost non‐NA institutional investment relative to their U.S. peer companies, suggesting that non‐NA investors cared more about comparability with U.S. peer companies than non‐NA peer companies for companies in this size quintile.     

机构投资者担心企业应用衍生品进行投机吗-来自中国上市公司的证据

以2007-2011年应用过衍生品的中国上市公司为样本,检验机构投资者持股与企业应用衍生品及其投机行为的关系,研究发现:机构投资者担心企业应用衍生品尤其是应用衍生品的投机行为会损害其自身的利益,并且这种担心超出了机构投资者通过积极的监督来保障自身利益的意愿,因此,机构投资者倾向于减少对那些应用衍生品公司的投资,大多维持在一个较低的水平.此外,证据还表明:在我国上市公司中,机构投资者的投资并不普遍,份量也较轻;衍生品在我国上市公司中的应用亦不普遍并且应用的程度很低,大多数应用衍生品的公司是为了套保,但一旦投机则非常严重;机构投资者较为看重应用衍生品公司的成长性,而反感其业绩与盈余管理行为.     

The Level and Stability of Institutional Ownership and Firm Performance: Evidence from Taiwan

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of shareholding stability of institutional investors on firm performance. We analyze 647 sample companies listed in the Taiwan Stock Exchange from 2005 to 2009 using the coefficient of variance of institutional holding proportion as the measure for ownership stability. The empirical results show that increasing stability of institutional holdings is related to better firm performance. The low-risk and younger firms with higher CEO incentive compensation, larger insider holdings, and higher growth usually have better performance. Furthermore, when the long-term institutional shareholdings, particularly of foreign institutions, are higher, the firm performance is better.     

对新《企业会计准则——基本准则》中关键问题的思考

新《企业会计准则-基本准则》于2007年1月1日起在上市公司执行。该准则对现行基本准则进行了重大修改和多方面完善,广泛采用了国际上通用的概念和原则,无论在形式上还是在实质上都实现了与国际财务报告准则的趋向,并更能适用我国的会计现状和未来的发展趋势,为中国的会计职业界致力于提高透明度和执行高水准的执业准则奠定了基础。本文首先简要的分析了新基本准则对原基本准则的一些改进,然后就新基本准则某些关键问题来看仍有值得进一步思考和推敲的地方,给出了自己的建议,以期对新基本准则的完善有所助益。     

Accounting standard changes and foreign analyst behavior: Evidence from China

This study investigates changes in foreign analyst behavior before and after Chinese New Accounting Standards was implemented during 2007. The empirical results show that after the new accounting standards were implemented, forecast error among foreign analysts decreased in both absolute and relative terms in comparison with domestic analysts, and foreign analysts forecast earnings more frequently than they did before the new accounting standards. These results imply that the implementation of new accounting standards in the Chinese capital market helped mitigate both information asymmetry between listed firms in China and foreign investors, and the “home bias” of foreign analysts. It also increased the attractiveness of listed firms and facilitated international communication and cooperation. This study also has significant implications for how resource allocation efficiency in the Chinese capital market can be raised and how the “introducing in” policy should be assessed.     

会计环境对企业会计准则执行效果的影响——基于应计质量的经验证据

本文旨在调查两个相互关联的问题:企业会计准则施行后财务报告应计质量是否发生了显著变化?这种变化是否与会计环境相关?我们采用经典的截面琼斯模型估计操控性应计利润,以其绝对值计量应计质量,利用2001~2009年7722个上市公司样本观察值进行了统计检验,发现企业会计准则施行后应计质量下降。在给定企业会计准则是一套高质量准则的前提下,我们进一步分析应计质量下降的原因。经验证据表明:在会计环境不同的地区,上市公司应计质量的变化存在系统性差异。这反映会计环境影响了企业会计准则的执行效果。     

Executive turnover in UK firms: the impact of Cadbury

This study examines whether the Cadbury Committee recommendations regarding board structure have increased the power of boards to replace poorly performing CEOs. It also looks at whether institutional investors have become more proactive in this regard post-Cadbury. The study employs a comprehensive sample of UK listed firms between 1990 and 1995. Firm performance, CEO ownership and institutional ownership are found to be significantly related to the probability of non-routine top executive turnover. It appears that the managerial labour market is disciplining managers more quickly after Cadbury. However, there is no evidence that this is because boards have become more likely to remove CEOs following poor performance. Neither is any evidence found to support the assertions of institutional investors who claim to be more proactive since Cadbury. It is concluded that neither the Cadbury board structure reforms, nor the professed change in behaviour of institutional investors, has reduced the agency problem of managerial entrenchment in large UK firms.