中国银行业利差水平的市场结构因素与利率市场化改革

在利率市场化的过程中,银行业利差问题显得尤为重要。影响银行业利差的因素很多,其中市场结构是非常重要的一个方面。本文通过中国银行业市场结构对银行业利差水平影响的实证分析,研究在中国利率市场化过程中,银行业市场结构所起的作用。在此基础上,进而讨论中国银行业市场结构及其他因素对中国利率市场化改革的影响、制约。     

对外开放中的银行业税制改革

税收制度是服务于某一特定历史时期政治和经济目标的经济制度规范，它是由一个国家在一定历史时期所处的政治经济形势所决定的。随着中国金融市场的对外开放，中国银行业改革的深化，中资银行将逐步与外资银行在同一个平台上展开激烈竞争。作为影响市场竞争力的一个重要因素，现行的金融税制逐渐暴露出诸多问题，制约了我国商业银行市场竞争力的进一步提升，影响了我国金融业的健康发展。为此，必须加快改革金融税收制度。     

中国与其他新兴市场国家银行业的汇率风险比较——基于银行资产负债表构成的视角

本文分析了中国上市银行汇兑损益的影响因素,在比较中国与其他新兴市场国家银行业汇率风险后发现,二者在形成机理和方向上存在显著差异,这种差异首先源于银行资产负债表构成的不同,而储蓄率和对短期流入资本的监管等制度性因素则是造成中国与其他新兴市场国家银行业汇率风险截然不同的深层次原因。本文认为,应继续坚持银行业的对外开放,增强中国银行业的国际竞争力;适时打破人民币升值的单边预期,降低银行汇率风险,加快人民币国际化进程;考虑采取临时性资本管制措施,积极推动外汇衍生品市场的建立;适当降低中国的高储蓄率,改变传统的高投资、粗放型经济增长模式。     

国有商业银行股份制改革研究

经过20多年的努力，我国银行业改革取得了令人瞩目的成效，初步建立了竞争性的市场体系，打破了传统体制下国有银行对市场的完全垄断，支撑了中国经济20多年的稳步增长。但是，前期改革的这些进展并为从根本上改变银行业效率低下和国际竞争力不强的问题。根据银监会公开披露的信息，至2003     

产权结构、市场结构与银行效率

在近几年关于如何提高我国银行效率的讨论热潮中，影响银行效率的主要因素被归结为两个：国有银行的产权结构、银行业的垄断性市场结构。以此为基础，在中国银行业改革这一问题上理论界也提出了不同的主张：有的主张应以国有银行的产权结构改革为突破口，有的则认为应从优化银行业的市场结构、提高商业银行的竞争性入手。本文的作者认为，产权结构对银行效率的影响作用与市场竞争程度有关；而在公司治理制度不完善的环境下，市场竞争也可以起到约束和激励管理层的作用。因此，中国银行业的改革应该是市场结构改革和产权结构改革并举。     

我国银行业税收制度研究

最近几年来,随着国内银行业的发展,特别是部分国有商业银行股改上市进程的推进,税收已经成为影响商业银行在资本市场表现的重要因素,现行税制中的一些矛盾开始显现,对税收制度进行改革的呼声日渐高涨.但对现行银行业税制到底存在什么样的问题和需要怎么改革等问题却是众说纷纭.本文在对税收基本理论和我国银行业税收制度现状及其实施效果进行介绍和分析的基础上,结合国外银行业税制的现状和发展方向,探讨我国银行业现行税制在合理性、公平性、均衡性方面存在的主要问题,对其改革的总体思路和具体内容设计进行研究,以期为我国银行业税制改革提供政策性建议.     

我国银行业税收制度研究

最近几年来,随着国内银行业的发展,特别是部分国有商业银行股改上市进程的推进,税收已经成为影响商业银行在资本市场表现的重要因素,现行税制中的一些矛盾开始显现,对税收制度进行改革的呼声日渐高涨.但对现行银行业税制到底存在什么样的问题和需要怎么改革等问题却是众说纷纭.本文在对税收基本理论和我国银行业税收制度现状及其实施效果进行介绍和分析的基础上,结合国外银行业税制的现状和发展方向,探讨我国银行业现行税制在合理性、公平性、均衡性方面存在的主要问题,对其改革的总体思路和具体内容设计进行研究,以期为我国银行业税制改革提供政策性建议.     

中国银行业改革绩效浅析

一、问题的提出 近年来,随着中国金融体制改革的不断深入和市场环境的变化,央行和各商业银行进行了一系列的改革,经过改革,银行业的绩效状况是我们关心的问题,所以,构建银行业的绩效分析框架和评价指标体系并在此基础上对银行业绩效状况进行评估对于了解银行业的绩效状况,分析影响绩效提高的因素以及制定更有效的监管政策具有积极的影响,因此,本文通过对我国银行业的市场结构与绩效进行实证分析,为构建有利于银行业绩效优化和竞争力提高的有效的市场结构提供建议.     

跟随客户、追逐市场与外资银行进入

在对全球银行业国际化现状以及部分新兴市场国家外资银行进入特征进行描述性分析之后,本文以全球76个国家相关数据,通过广义最小二乘法检验了外资银行进入的影响因素。结果发现,跟随客户、追逐当地市场是外资银行进入的主要动因。另外,东道国的制度因素、东道国银行业自由化、经济自由化程度也会对外资银行进入产生重要影响。     

美国金融危机探源及对中国增长模式的启示

本文从技术层次、制度层次和文化层次对美国金融危机的深层次背景进行分析,发现美国金融危机与当代国际环境、美国经济增长方式、社会制度和文化等方面均有密切联系.结合未来中国与全球的发展趋势,发现西方国家出现的一些问题,未来也可能在中国发生.中国首先应积极推进市场化改革,推进金融国际化,并加强金融现代化管理与全球合作；其次要提倡经济多元化、产业多元化、制度多元化以及文化多元化,建立起中国特色的多元化发展模式.     

商业银行参与融资融券业务模式的国际比较与借鉴

融资融券业务作为一种证券信用交易,已成为海外证券市场普遍实施的成熟交易制度。不同国家或地区根据金融体系和信用环境的完善程度,采用了适合自身实际情况的融资融券模式。该文介绍了商业银行在不同融资融券业务模式中所发挥的作用,及其在集中授信模式下证券金融公司运作中所扮演的角色,并借鉴国际经验对我国商业银行参与融资融券业务进行了初步探讨。     

The IPO of Industrial and Commercial Bank of China and the ‘Chinese Model’ of privatizing large financial institutions

We examine the privatization process of the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (ICBC), the largest bank in the world by market capitalization, and its dual initial public offerings (IPOs) in the Hong Kong and Shanghai Stock exchanges in 2006. The Chinese government retains majority equity ownership of ICBC while foreign institutional investors hold minority equity stakes. Other large financial institutions went through the same reform process and have similar, post-IPO ownership structures. The largest Chinese banks, as a group, outperformed their counterparts from other emerging and developed markets before and during the 2007–2009 financial crisis. We argue that the ‘Chinese model’ of privatizing and managing large financial institutions can be advantageously used in other countries.     

地方金融发展能够影响FDI的区位选择吗?——一个基于城市商业银行设立的准自然实验

本文以城市商业银行的设立为自然实验,结合1990-2015年中国295个地级市数据以及成立的184家城市商业银行,运用双重差分方法系统考察了地方金融机构对FDI区位选择的影响。研究表明,城市商业银行的成立显著促进了城市FDI的流入;经过一系列稳健性检验和进行倾向得分匹配(PSM)估计之后,这一结论依然成立。结合企业数据证实城商行的设立提升了企业从银行获得贷款的可能性,能够通过缓解企业融资约束而影响FDI的区位分布。对城商行兼并和异地扩张行为的进一步分析表明:城商行经营规模的扩张,无论是对属地还是异地城市FDI的促进作用均不明显,而城商行资金规模的扩张对FDI有明显促进作用。这些发现将为我国完善金融体系和升级银行业结构、吸引FDI促进区域经济协调发展提供理论和经验支持。     

Foreign banks in syndicated loan markets

Foreign banks play a prominent role in syndicated loan markets. In this paper we examine foreign banks’ motives in participating in cross-border deals in 25 European countries. We find that usual explanations of foreign banking activities can only account partly for the high rate of foreign involvement in syndicated loan markets. The usual argument is that foreign banks are at a disadvantage because they lack soft information and thus they tend to lend to more transparent firms compared to their domestic counterparts. We find that this relationship only holds in relatively small financial systems. We illustrate different motivations for the large amount of cross border lending in large developed markets. In these markets foreign banks tend to lend to especially risky borrowers and projects.     

透视银行排队现象

银行排队现象是当代社会关注的焦点问题之一。随着国内、国际金融市场的进一步融合,国外银行成熟的服务管理已经对国内银行产生了强大的冲击力,能否有效解决银行排队问题不仅仅涉及到社会民生问题,还严重影响到我国银行的竞争力和生存与发展。本文以银行排队现象为切入点,从宏观经济、客户和银行本身等方面深入分析了排队现象的成因并提出针对性的对策和建议。本研究将为如何解决银行排队现象,提高银行整体服务质量和服务水平,提升我国银行的竞争力提供借鉴和参考。     

The entry and the activity level of foreign banks in Italy: An analysis of the determinants

Although the theory of multinational banking has pointed out the importance of local profit opportunities, the empirical evidence is still poor and deserves further investigation. To this end, we analyse entry decisions and activity levels of foreign banks operating in Italy between 1983 and 1998. We consider 22 OECD countries, 10 of which had at least one bank (branch or subsidiary) in Italy. Entries and activity levels were related to the degree of economic integration as well as to the financial market features of the home country relative to Italy.Unlike other studies, besides economic integration, the relative profitability of the banking activity proves to be a significant variable in that it highlights the importance of local market conditions. In the past decade, increased competition in the Italian banking sector has reduced these profit opportunities, driving foreign banks towards more innovative sectors of financial intermediation.     

Should I stay or should I go? Bank productivity and internationalization decisions

Differences in firm-level productivity explain international activities of non-financial firms quite well. We test whether differences in bank productivity determine international activities of banks. Based on a dataset that allows tracking banks across countries and across different modes of foreign entry, we model the ordered probability of maintaining a commercial presence abroad and the volume of banks’ international assets empirically. Our research has three main findings. First, more productive banks are more likely to enter foreign markets in increasingly complex modes. Second, more productive banks also hold larger volumes of foreign assets. Third, higher risk aversion renders entry less likely, but it increases the volume of foreign activities conditional upon entry.     

外资银行进入对我国银行业影响的实证研究

本文通过实证检验,分析了外资银行进入对我国国內银行绩效影响的短期效应,并同其它发展中国家的情况进行了对比研究。计量结果表明,由于我国经济金融体制上的固有特点,我国银行业绩效在面临外资竞争时,也表现出了较大的不同。     

Foreign bank penetration and the lending channel in emerging economies: Evidence from bank-level panel data

This paper examines the main implications of recently increasing foreign bank penetration on bank lending as a channel of monetary policy transmission in emerging economies. Using a dynamic panel model of loan growth, we investigate the loan granting behavior of 1273 banks in the emerging economies of Asia, Latin America, and Central and Eastern Europe during the period from 1996 to 2003. Applying the pooled OLS, system GMM, and panel VAR estimators, we find consistent evidence that foreign banks are less responsive to monetary shocks in host countries, as they adjust their outstanding loan portfolios and interest rates to a lesser extent than domestic private banks, independent of their liquidity, capitalization, size, efficiency, and credit risk, and although there exists a bank lending channel in the emerging economies, it is declining in strength due to the increased level of foreign bank penetration. We also explore possible driving factors for the different responses of foreign and domestic banks to monetary policy shocks by investigating foreign banks’ different behavior during banking crises and tranquil periods, the effects of mode of entry to host countries, the home-country effects, and the response of foreign banks from OECD countries vs. all foreign countries including non-OECD countries. We suggest the access of foreign banks to funding from parent banks through internal capital markets as the most convincing explanation.     

Intra- and inter-regional portfolio diversification strategies under regional market integration: Evidence from U.S. global banks

This study empirically assesses whether being a part of any specific region affects global banks' decisions on capital allocation across 20 developed and 44 emerging markets by using data on U.S. banks in the period from 2006 to 2015. We find that both the intra-bank lending of a parent bank to its affiliates abroad and the local lending of foreign affiliates decrease as internal lending to neighboring countries within a region increases. This finding provides evidence of the negative spillover or contagion effects from regional allocations on the capital allocation of global banks to individual economies. Our findings reflect that financial markets are integrated within the region, which suggests no intra-regional diversification benefits to the United States or to other global investors. Moreover, parent banks' intra-bank lending translates into foreign affiliates' local lending in the host country. A policy implication is that countries in the same region should strengthen coordinated efforts to ensure free intra-regional capital mobility and diversify country-specific risk. The findings of this study can help enhance our understanding of the relationships between financial markets interconnectedness and global banks' portfolio management strategies.