经济货币化进程与内生性货币供给——关于中国高M2/GDP比率的货币分析

本文试图通过货币供求均衡分析探讨我国高M2/GDP比率的原因。从货币需求的角度看,由于中国处于经济转型深化阶段,随着经济货币化进程的逐步深入,产品的货币化基本结束,但企业资产、土地、房地产和其他一些生产要素的货币化仍在进行之中,导致货币需求不断增长,在长期内引起M2/GDP水平的持续上升。从货币供给的角度看,我国基础货币的供应具有较强的被动性质,基础货币投放快速增长,货币乘数也大幅提高,引起货币供给量的快速上升。货币供求相互作用,使得在货币存量快速增长的同时没有出现严重的通货膨胀。     

我国流动性过剩与通货膨胀的形成机制研究

本文在探讨流动性概念与通货膨胀机制的基础上,建立了长期稳定的货币需求模型,研究我国最近十年的流动性与通货膨胀关系.研究结果显示,货币存量超过实体经济需求导致流动性过剩,这是我国通货膨胀的根本原因.基于此,本文建议通过深化利率市场化改革等措施,改善央行宏观调控,有效控制通货膨胀预期.     

我国货币供应量与通货膨胀、经济增长周期的关系研究

货币供给量与通货膨胀、经济增长周期之间的关系一直是经济学界关系的热点问题。货币供应量作为国家宏观可控的因素,是调控经济增长．调节物价有效措置之一。本文选取了1979—2010年M0、M1、M2增长率、通货膨胀率、经济增长率为我们研究的理论根据,通过统计方法找到他们之间的内在联系,从而为国家通过控制货币供给量来调控经济增长速度和有效抑制通货膨胀提供理论基础。     

我国发生通货膨胀的可能性不可低估

我国过高的货币存量形成了潜在的通货膨胀压力,而当前引发通货膨胀的诸多现实因素已初现端倪,央行应该采取稳妥的货币政策以及时疏导通货膨胀压力。     

我国发生通货膨胀的可能性不可低估

我国过高的货币存量形成了潜在的通货膨胀压力,而当前引发通货膨胀的诸多现实因素已初现端倪,央行应该采取稳妥的货币政策以及时疏导通货膨胀压力.     

开放经济条件下货币需求的非对称特征

本文使用1994-2010年的非平稳季度数据,应用门限调整方法研究了开放经济条件下的货币需求,发现货币需求与收入、汇率、利率及通货膨胀之间存在协整关系,M1和M2短期需求函数存在门限调整。门限误差修正模型表明,M1、M2短期需求函数在长期均衡偏离低于门限值时能回复到长期均衡,在长期均衡偏离高于门限值时不稳定;收入、通货膨胀及汇率影响M1和M2的短期需求函数,但利率只影响M1的短期需求函数,不影响M2的短期需求函数。大多数时候货币需求能自我修正,但目前货币需求处于门限以上,限制了以货币供应量为中介目标的货币政策调控效果。     

第三方互联网支付对预防性货币需求影响的实证研究

以互联网金融发展为背景,第三方互联网支付为视角,将其引入传统货币需求理论框架,通过修正惠伦模型,建立第三方互联网支付条件下的货币需求模型,定性分析第三方互联网支付对预防性货币需求的影响机制;同时,实证检验第三方互联网支付与预防性货币需求之间的相关性。研究表明:(1)第三方互联网支付快速发展将会替代部分预防性现金需求,且加速不同层次货币间转化,进而减少预防性货币需求。(2)实证结果表明,转化成本、机会成本、流动性比率及第三方互联网支付替代率均对预防性货币需求产生显著影响。基于理论分析及实证检验,提出相关建议。     

我国货币超发的动态分析与理性评判北大核心SSCI

中国高达103.61万亿元的广义货币(M2)不仅远超欧美等国的货币存量,且增速大大超过国内GDP增速。而M2的大幅放量增长主要由我国经济增长模式即政府投资模式和出口贸易模式所引致。由于人民币的非国际化,M2的堆积不仅可能酿造出恶性通货膨胀,而且会扭曲中国的经济结构。减弱和锁控流动性泛滥的风险,必须强化财政预算约束,撑大实体经济的利润半径和激活内生性消费动能。     

我国货币超发的动态分析与理性评判

中国高达103.61万亿元的广义货币(M2)不仅远超欧美等国的货币存量,且增速大大超过国内GDP增速.而M2的大幅放量增长主要由我国经济增长模式即政府投资模式和出口贸易模式所引致.由于人民币的非国际化,M2的堆积不仅可能酿造出恶性通货膨胀,而且会扭曲中国的经济结构.减弱和锁控流动性泛滥的风险,必须强化财政预算约束,撑大实体经济的利润半径和激活内生性消费动能.     

水满则溢,倾覆难收——日本从流动性过剩到流动性紧缩的经验与借鉴

从泡沫到冰冻的嬗变 流动性过剩和流动性紧缩是对立统一。流动性过剩表现为以货币等形式持有（M1-CD和贷款）的增量超过经济增长对流动性的需求的幅度。但它不等于就是通货膨胀。流动性紧缩则相反。     

Liquidity Dry-ups in equity markets

This paper examines how mutual fund investors’ demand for liquidity provision endogenously affects stock liquidity in the equity market. We find that actively managed funds in the US tend to hold less liquidity than their respective benchmarks, which leads them to rely on only a small fraction of liquid stocks when it comes to liquidity demand. Using mutual fund sell transactions, we further show that mutual funds tend to sell more liquid stocks in their holdings when experiencing outflows. Concentrated sales of liquid stocks, however, significantly reduce the liquidity of these stocks, resulting in liquidity deterioration or dry-up among highly liquid stocks in periods of high market-wide liquidity demand. Overall, the results indicate that mutual funds fail to predict the liquidity of the asset at purchase.     

经济租金和物价上涨与通胀的治理

在刚性需求条件下,缺乏供给弹性的商品存在着可观的经济租金,而过量流动性为金融资本竞相追逐经济租金提供了货币基础,这是此轮物价结构性上涨的根源所在。若相关商品供求弹性没有得到有效改善,物价结构性上涨在中长期内将是一种常态,此时单纯的回收流动性等总量调控措施只具有短期性的效果。今后,宏观政策的着眼点应当由以需求管理为主转向以供给管理和需求管理并重,只有通过双管齐下,才能从根本上缓解结构性通胀对宏观经济运行的不利影响。     

Financial Innovations,Money Demand,and the Welfare Cost of Inflation

In the 1990s, the empirical relationship between money demand and interest rates began to fall apart. We analyze to what extent financial innovations can explain this breakdown. For this purpose, we construct a microfounded monetary model with a money market that provides insurance against liquidity shocks by offering short‐term loans and by paying interest on money market deposits. We calibrate the model to U.S. data and find that the introduction of the sweep technology at the beginning of the 1990s, which improved access to money markets, can explain the behavior of money demand very well. Furthermore, by allowing a more efficient allocation of money, the welfare cost of inflation decreased substantially.     

电子货币视角下的商业银行流动性需求

电子货币的快速发展已经给传统金融理论带来了挑战,特别是对以货币作为经营对象的商业银行经营管理产生了明显的冲击。文章以电子货币发展为视角,尝试性地引入凯恩斯的货币需求理论分析商业银行的流动性需求,旨在为商业银行的流动性管理提供有益的思路。     

Stock liquidity and the Taylor rule

This paper examines how stock market liquidity and commonality in liquidity are impacted by real-time output gap and inflation, as these macroeconomic variables have been shown to be the main drivers of monetary policy according to the Taylor rule. We show that an increase in the output gap and inflation lowers stock liquidity and increases commonality in liquidity, since it points to a contractionary monetary policy and is likely to lead to a decline in the liquidity providers' funding liquidity. This effect is larger for stocks with low market capitalization and low liquidity.     

Uncertainty,Inflation, and Welfare

This paper studies the welfare costs and the redistributive effects of inflation in the presence of idiosyncratic liquidity risk, in a microfounded search‐theoretical monetary model. We calibrate the model to match the empirical aggregate money demand and the distribution of money holdings across households and study the effects of inflation under the implied degree of market incompleteness. We show that in the presence of imperfect insurance the estimated long‐run welfare costs of inflation are on average 40% to 55% smaller compared to a complete markets, representative agent economy, and that inflation induces important redistributive effects across households.     

Money Market Pressure and the Determinants of Banking Crises

This article develops an index of money market pressure to identify banking crises. We define banking crises as periods in which there is excessive demand for liquidity in the money market. We begin with the theoretical foundation of this new method. With the newly defined crisis episodes, we examine the determinants of banking crises using data complied from 47 countries. We find that slowdown of real GDP, lower real interest rates, extremely high inflation, large fiscal deficits, and over-valued exchange rates tend to precede banking crises. The effects of monetary base growth on the probability of banking crises are negligible.     

Excess liquidity,bank pricing rules,and monetary policy

This paper studies the implications of excess bank liquidity for the effectiveness of monetary policy in a simple model with credit market imperfections. The demand for excess reserves is determined by precautionary factors and the opportunity cost of holding cash. It is argued that excess liquidity may impart greater stickiness to the deposit rate in response to a monetary contraction and induce an easing of collateral requirements on borrowers – which in turn may translate into a lower risk premium and lower lending rates. As a result, asymmetric bank pricing behavior under excess liquidity may hamper the ability of a contractionary monetary policy to lower inflation.     

意外险的需求模式、感觉阈限与通货膨胀率——基于三区制门限回归模型的实证分析

基于中国意外险市场2000年~2010年季度数据的实证分析表明,通货膨胀率不仅能够明显地影响意外险需求,而且意外险保费收入增长率与通货膨胀率之间不是简单的线性负相关。意外险需求对通货膨胀率的敏感程度是"边际递减"的。与通货膨胀风险相比较,投保人更加厌恶通货紧缩风险。另外,由于需求模式在门限值附近出现较大改变而有可能冲击意外险市场,所以当通货膨胀率接近门限值时保险公司应该及时地调整营销策略。     

Liquidity, redistribution, and the welfare cost of inflation

The long-run welfare costs of inflation are studied in a micro-founded model with trading frictions and costly liquidity management. By modelling the liquidity management decision, the model endogenizes the responses of velocity, output, the degree of market segmentation, and the distribution of money. Compared to the traditional estimates based on a representative agent model, the welfare costs of inflation are significantly smaller due to distributional effects of inflation. The welfare cost of increasing inflation from 0% to 10% is 0.62% of consumption for the US economy. Furthermore, the welfare cost is generally non-linear in the inflation rate.