公益性国有土地使用权收回的法律性质与补偿模式

当前金融与科技融合驱动下的新经济浪潮逐渐拉开帷幕,传统的高校金融人才、科技人才培养范式在新形势下都发生着深刻变化,形成了一场由传统教育到实践创新的系统性变革。新时代高校金融科技人才培养的实践创新与体系重构,是中国提升金融科技复合型人才质量的重要突破口。本文从新时代中国高校金融科技人才培养的现状及问题出发,分析高校金融科技人才培养的实践内容,并进一步提出中国高校金融科技人才培养与发展的创新要求及实现路径。本文认为充分发挥金融与科技在高校人才培养上的深度融合作用,着力培养具有国际视野、能够适应时代竞争的金融科技创新人才,成为现阶段中国高校人才培养的重要努力方向。     

Evolutionary Approaches and the Construction of Technology-Driven Regulations

Innovation technologies have substantially changed commerce and society. A new financial industry in the form of financial technology (fintech) initiated the era of the digital economy. At the same time, inherent risks in technology-driven financial innovations, such as technical risks, information asymmetry, and even potential systemic risks, necessitate regulatory responses. However, insufficient regulatory techniques, outdated financial laws, and conservative regulatory concepts make it difficult for traditional regulations based on financial intermediaries to adapt to the current environment of decentralized financial transactions. Technology-driven regulations focused on data monitoring could be a remedy for the inefficiency and ineffectiveness of traditional financial regulations and enhance effective protection of financial consumers’ rights and interests. This new regulatory model aims to build a system that integrates equal access to information on blockchain transactions by both parties to it (i.e., the regulators and the financial institutions they regulate) for the purpose of oversight, intelligent real-time oversight, and an experimental sandbox for developing regulatory technology. This dynamic and flexible financial regulatory system could effectively address fintech risks.     

The future of fintech

This article describes the growing field of financial technology (fintech) and the different financial paradigms and technologies that support it. Fintech is primarily a disintermediation force where disruptive technologies are the drivers. This framework discusses 10 primary areas in fintech comprising a taxonomy, which categorizes research in the field and also proposes a pedagogical structure. Pitfalls of fintech are also analyzed. Overall, the great strides made in computing technology, mathematics, statistics, psychology, econometrics, linguistics, cryptography, big data, and computer interfaces have combined to create an explosion of fintechs.     

金融科技布局、银行信贷风险与经营绩效——来自商业银行与科技企业战略合作的证据

商业银行通过布局金融科技进行的金融服务创新,已成为深化金融供给侧结构性改革的重要举措。本文通过手工搜集2005—2019年323家商业银行与科技企业战略合作的数据,研究银行布局金融科技如何影响其信贷风险与经营绩效。结果表明:(1)银行布局金融科技战略能降低银行信贷风险,提高银行经营绩效;(2)银行布局金融科技通过提高其自身创新能力与竞争力从而降低银行的信贷风险水平;(3)银行布局金融科技,通过降低信贷风险、提升普惠金融服务、提高运营管理能力与拓展中间业务这四个渠道提高了银行经营绩效;(4)全国性银行发展金融科技使其信贷风险水平得到降低,资本充足率低的银行通过布局金融科技降低信贷风险的效果更强。同时,信用贷款比重越高的银行通过发展金融科技降低信贷风险、提高经营绩效的效果更加明显。本文研究有助于理解商业银行顺势而为所进行的金融科技布局的微观经济后果,也为进一步完善金融服务实体经济相关政策提供参考。     

基于复杂网络视角的金融科技风险传染研究

大数据、云计算、人工智能等新兴技术逐步改变金融生态,金融科技成为传统金融业提效降本的动力源泉.机遇与风险并存,金融科技的加入是否对传统金融造成风险冲击成为重要的研究课题.本文基于复杂网络视角,采用TENET方法搭建以金融科技、银行和证券机构为主体的风险关联网络,融合PMFG极大平面过滤图法,分析金融科技同传统金融主体的风险传染关系,在此基础上提出了关键性风险路径的识别方法.研究结果表明:相较于银行与证券,金融科技的内外部风险传染性最强;金融危机加强了风险传染的跨部门属性;风险传染以规模、业务相近的直接渠道为主,对关键性路径的识别有助于挖掘金融科技机构的潜在风险点.监管当局应加强对金融科技机构的宏微观审慎管理,识别同部门与跨部门的风险传染路径,优化监管效率.     

美国金融科技最新立法监管动态及对我国的启示

金融科技有助于降低交易成本、提高市场效率,但同时也因其“空白型金融创新”的特质给传统金融监管方式带来严峻挑战。美国在金融科技的立法方面,强调“建章立制,立法先行”,创制法律规范具有前瞻性;在监管方面,秉持“负责任的创新”的监管理念,创新监管范式,力求实现金融创新与合法合规之间的动态平衡。我国可合理借鉴美国的立法和监管经验,加强金融科技的顶层设计和立法建设,创制新的专门性立法,构建有利于金融科技发展的监管协调机制,研究以行为监管为导向的监管范式,构建包容性监管制度,探索完善中国式“监管沙箱”机制,最终建构“技术驱动型”的金融监管体系。     

How does fintech influence carbon emissions: Evidence from China's prefecture-level cities

We investigate how fintech development affects carbon emissions using the panel data of 253 prefecture-level cities in China from 2011 to 2019. We employ the city-level digital financial inclusion index to gauge the fintech development and identify the impact mechanisms through which fintech affects the city's carbon emissions. Our results show that fintech can significantly reduce carbon emissions, and this conclusion still holds when considering potential endogeneity, when considering the impact of resource endowment, when using alternative measures of carbon emissions, even after removing the impact of low-carbon pilot cities policy, and after winsorization treatment. We further find that the main mechanisms by which fintech affects carbon emissions are industrial structure, financing constraints, and green technology innovation. Our results provide powerful evidence that fintech positively impacts the real economy, offering more confidence and reason to stimulate fintech development.     

金融科技影响企业创新投资的效应与机制研究

基于2011—2021年沪深A股上市企业数据,运用固定效应模型和中介效应模型探究金融科技发展对企业创新投资的影响及其作用机制。研究发现：金融科技发展有助于提高企业创新投资水平,能够通过促进企业短期金融资产配置行为、抑制企业长期金融资产配置行为提高企业创新投资水平;高管股权激励和政府补助均对金融科技的创新投资驱动效应有显著的强化作用;在非国有企业中,金融科技对于创新投资的驱动效应更显著。     

中国金融科技监管沙盒机制设计研究

本文旨在从设立中国金融科技监管沙盒的必要性、可行性分析、机制设计等角度,探讨如何识别有价值的创新、缩短金融科技企业的创新周期并及早发现和化解潜在风险等问题。本文发现,金融科技新业态更具有颠覆性创新特征,采用传统金融监管框架可能会抑制创新,而金融科技监管沙盒是帮助平衡金融科技创新与风险的有效手段。建议参考中国香港的沙盒模式,设立由国务院金融稳定发展委员会牵头、人民银行负责,协调银保监会与证监会具体执行的分业沙盒监管框架。     

Overcoming spatial stratification of fintech inclusion: Inferences from across Chinese provinces to guide policy makers

Few studies have quantitatively analyzed the causes of the uneven development of fintech inclusion. We explore the factors influencing regional differences in China's fintech inclusion by focusing on the influencing factors' spatiotemporal heterogeneity. Fuzzy best-worst, standard deviation ellipse, and geographically temporally weighted regression methodologies were used to investigate the spatiotemporal evolution and influencing factors for 2011–2019. China's fintech inclusion has a higher persistent spatial imbalance in the east and a lower in the central and western regions. Regarding the spatial heterogeneity of influencing factors, we find that the effects of economic development, financial supervision, transportation convenience, population structure and education level show obvious east-west differences. Regarding temporal heterogeneity, we find over our period that the impacts of economic development and financial supervision on fintech inclusion changed from negative to positive, with the positive effects of education level and population structure decreasing. We offer a framework for measuring regional fintech inclusion and practical policy suggestions for promoting coordinated development.     

Banks' consumer lending reaction to fintech and bigtech credit emergence in the context of soft versus hard credit information processing

Access to credit information and the ability to process this information effectively determine the conditions of competition in the credit market. Traditionally, local banks have had an advantage in relationship lending (based on soft credit information), whereas foreign banks are considered to base on hard credit information. With the advent of financial technology (or “fintech”) companies (or “fintechs”) and giant technology (or “bigtech”) companies (or “bigtechs”) providing alternative credit, the conditions of competition in the credit market have changed. In this empirical study, we shed light on the nature of the information advantages fintech and bigtech companies have compared to banks and how alternative lenders use them. We analyze competition in the consumer lending segment between banks and fintechs as well as bigtechs providing alternative lending. We used a database combining bank-level characteristics and country-level proxies for 72 countries from 2013 to 2018. We find that in developed markets, the relationships between fintech and bigtech credit providers and banks are similar and competitive in nature. However, banks' consumer lending grows simultaneously with fintech credit market development in emerging economies, but decreases in the aftermath of the emergence of bigtech credit. Fintech credit seems to penetrate market segments not serviced by banks; thus, it plays a complementary role, however only in emerging economies. Bigtech companies compete even more with banks and push some banking offers out of the market, both in emerging and developed economies. Furthermore, we show that domestic and privately-owned banks are more negatively affected by competition from technology-based lending, particularly bigtech, than foreign banks. Thus, bigtech lending may be treated as a serious competition for banks' relationship lending based on soft credit information processing, traditionally provisioned by local banks.     

打通“产学研”链条,重塑银行测试人才培养生态

银行软件测试,作为支撑银行转型升级、保障产品创新、提升客户满意度的重要一环,关乎商业银行核心竞争力、价值声誉和安全稳健,对于金融信息安全乃至金融体系稳定至关重要。然而,随着近几年银行IT体制机制改革等金融科技举措的推出以及银行转型发展的大趋势,测试部门的价值定位同样面临转型压力。测试人才的培养、供给和管理问题作为银行软件测试价值发挥后劲不足的根本原因,已上升为当前银行软件测试适应金融科技转型发展的巨大障碍。     

扎实开展“领跑者”活动践行为民利企

我国金融标准化事业已进人全面推进阶段,金融标准化支持金融治理能力现代化、服务金融此健康有序发展的基础性、战略性作用曰益凸显。进人新时期,创新金融标准化工作势在必行,这既是深化金融供给侧结构性改革的必然要求,也是促进高标准市场俥系建设的必要手段。企业标准“领跑者”活动作为金融标准化的创新发展方式,应持续开展。     

货币的本质与未来

数字货币和金融科技的快速发展,引发了关于货币的本质和未来发展趋势的激烈讨论。本文在梳理货币演变历程的基础上,提出货币的本质是由形式与功能组合形成的一般信用,并且通过货币体系实现信用的制度化。在此基础上,针对数字货币是否会改变货币本质的问题,本文从货币形式、主权信用、中心化、金融稳定、普惠金融和货币管理等六方面进行分析,提出数字货币并未脱离货币发展的一般规律,其在本质上依然需要依托稳固的信用制度作为基础,但是其在信用实现方式的创新也对货币发行、支付结算、金融稳定带来了全新的挑战。货币和金融管理部门应当在掌握数字货币技术创新的前提下,完善货币制度和金融管理体系,建立激励相容的机制,积极引导数字货币推动的良性货币竞争。     

The role of employer learning and regulatory interventions in mitigating executive gender pay gap

This paper examines the role of information and regulatory interventions in mitigating the executive gender pay gap. We find female executives receive about 34% less compared to equivalent males from the same cohort, which falls by half over tenure within the company, but remains systematically significant throughout. The gender pay gap is the highest for young female executives and in the financial sector. Both demand-side (board gender quotas) and supply-side (family policies) regulatory interventions are associated with a lower gender gap in executive pay. Board gender quotas are associated with lower gender pay gap for experienced female executives in the highest age bracket. In contrast, supply-side interventions are associated with lower gender pay gap for the youngest female executives. Our results have important implications for the relative effectiveness of public policies that aim to reduce gender imbalance in corporate leadership and pay.     

Can fintech innovation promote household consumption? Evidence from China family panel studies

Using data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) and the digital inclusive financial index (DFI), this paper explores the relationship between fintech innovation and household consumption. The results show that fintech innovation can significantly promote household consumption at the nationwide level. Further mechanism tests show that entrepreneurship and increasing income are the two main transmission channels. Besides that, we further conduct heterogeneity tests. The tests present that the promoting effects in the eastern region, urban households, and wealthy households are higher than that in the western region, rural households, and low-and middle-income groups. The phenomenon shows that the Chinese government should positively guide the development of fintech in order to enable people to enjoy the benefits brought by scientific progress. In addition, the conclusions have great reference value for developing countries.     

Exploring advertising as an antecedent to brand experience dimensions: an experimental study

The objective of the study is to investigate the impact of advertising on brand experience dimensions for an existing bank and a financial technology (Fintech) brand. A 2?×?2 between-subject experimental study was conducted that analyzed the antecedents of brand experience dimensions and compared them between an existing bank and a fintech brand. The study confirmed the main effect of advertising on all brand experience dimensions. The brand experience scores for the fintech brand were higher than that of the existing bank brand, and significant differences were observed for sensory, emotional, and behavioral brand experience dimensions. The study confirms the influence of advertising on both existing bank and fimtech brand. While most of the previous studies are based on survey research, the present study provides deep probing using experimental study. It seeks to understand the antecedent to brand experience in the context of an emerging country.     

Digital financial inclusion. Visualizing the academic literature

Financial inclusion, which requires granting an affordable, adequate and widespread access to a sufficient range of financial products and services, has often been considered one of the cornerstones of social development, as it can contribute to poverty reduction, narrow the income gap, lead to wiser financial decisions, help to enlarge savings, increase the productive investment and foster a greater gender equality. Information and communication technologies have shown a major potential to contribute to financial inclusion, giving birth to digital financial inclusion. Using bibliometric techniques, this paper disentangles the intellectual structure of the research on digital financial inclusion, revealing the most influential sources, authors and areas inside this research stream. The results of this paper show that we are dealing with a critical demand of current society, which is attracting a growing attention of the academic literature and should be in the spotlight of both private and public institutions.     

The roles of alternative data and machine learning in fintech lending: Evidence from the LendingClub consumer platform

There have been concerns about the use of alternative data sources by fintech lenders. We compare loans made by LendingClub and similar loans that were originated by banks. The correlations between the rating grades (assigned by LendingClub) and the borrowers’ FICO scores declined from about 80% (for loans originated in 2007) to about 35% for recent vintages (originated in 2014–2015), indicating that nontraditional data (not already accounted for in the FICO scores) have been increasingly used by fintech lenders. The rating grades perform well in predicting loan default. The use of alternative data has allowed some borrowers who would have been classified as subprime by traditional criteria to be slotted into “better” loan grades, allowing them to obtain lower priced credit.