浅谈税收流失的经济影响与防治对策

从近些年我国税收的实际情况来看,税收流失给我国带来一定程度的负面影响.例如,影响了国家的财政收入、损害了国家税法的权威性、影响了国家经济信息的真实性、阻碍了政府宏观调控、影响了市场资源配置等.为了避免税收流失情况的频频发生,应当加强税收流失的治理.对此,本文重点研究税收流失对经济方面的影响,进而探讨防止我国税收流失的有效措施.     

博弈论在税务稽查中的运用

税务稽查是税收工作的重点,是打击税务违法行为,推进依法治税,促进税收征管,减少税收流失,保证国家财政收入的重要手段.本文通过运用博弈论分析完全信息下纳税人与税务稽查机关的最优战略选择,并就正确处理和协调税务稽纳关系提出政策建议.     

征税与纳税行为博弈关系的实证分析——减少税收流失的对策选择

税收是国家财政收入的主要来源,如何减少税收流失是个非常严峻的问题。通过建立规范的征税机关和纳税人之间的博弈模型,基于征税机关与纳税人行为的经济学分析,可以得出该模型的纳什均衡解。证明了应从增大对偷税行为的惩罚力度、降低征税部门的稽查成本、提高对征税机关有效稽查的激励、降低征税机关的稽查风险等方面入手来治理偷税现象。     

博弈论在税务稽查中的运用

税务稽查是税收工作的重点，是打击税务违法行为，推进依法治税；促进税收征管，减少税收流失，保证国家财政收入的重要手段。本文通过运用博弈论分析完全信息下纳税人与税务稽查机关的最优战略选择，并就正确处理和协调税务稽纳关系提出政策建议。     

中国式现代化视角下的税务稽查现代化路径探索北大核心

税收现代化服务中国式现代化是税务系统的重大政治任务。税务稽查是税收征管的一个重要环节,实现税务稽查现代化是顺应税收现代化、全面提升税收治理效能的必然要求。税务稽查现代化作为税收现代化服务中国式现代化的重要组成,应坚持以人民为中心,实现社会公平正义。立足我国税务稽查工作存在的现实问题,本文提出以集约高效的组织体系为保障,以法治思维规范税务稽查执法,以数字化转型打造智慧稽查,以协同共治推动治理型稽查建设,以综合性治理提升税务稽查效能,营造公平、公正的税收环境,助力实现中国式现代化。     

基于信息不对称理论的税收流失问题研究

税收流失是在一定的税收制度条件下国家对所有经济活动所产生的收入应征收而未征收到的税款.税收流失的面涵盖了我国现行所有税种,流失的原因是多方面的.本文从信息不对称理论的视角对税收流失现象作出具体的分析和研究,并探讨相应的对策及措施,旨在通过畅通征纳双方信息交流渠道来治理我国税收的流失.     

影响纳税人税款支付意愿的个体因素研究

新修订的个人所得税法规定年所得12万元以上的纳税义务人,应在年度终了后3个月内到主管税务机关办理纳税申报。在此背景下,个人所得税稽查中如何选择税收稽查的重点人群是税收稽查部门面临的一个新课题。本文以公众价值观调查的数据为基础对纳税人的税款支付意愿进行了研究。结果表明性别、年龄及婚姻状况对税收道德有显著影响,而收入水平和接受教育的程度对公民的税收道德没有显著影响。     

前期差错更正的所得税稽查风险及其应对

税务稽查部门发现的税收违法问题,常常表现为被查企业的前期会计差错,账务上须进行前期差错更正。如果稽查部门忽视对被查企业前期差错更正的监督和检查,那么就会形成巨大的税收漏洞,有可能造成严重的税收流失。     

税收流失的司法补缺

税收流失是各国共同关注的问题之一。如何防止税收流失,事前的良好的征管环境的形成固然重要,而如何征收可能流失的税款,对于税收流失的治理来说同样重要。税收流失是国家征税权行使的不完满状态,司法途径应当成为对此征税权救济的重要和最终途径。针对在税收流失治理中我国诉讼制度对司法机关作用发挥的限制,为加强对税收流失的司法治理,应当对我国现有的民事、刑事和行政诉讼程序制度加以完善。     

浅析房地产税收管理存在的问题及措施

<正>一、房地产行业税收征管存在的问题房地产行业作为国民经济的支柱产业,它对国民经济影响深远。国家连续八年对房地产行业作为国家专项检查重点,从稽查的结果来看,税源控管存在较多漏洞,以致房地产行业税收流失问题较为严重,成为税收征管工作的难点,有必要加强对房地产税收管理。目前,在房地产行业税收征管工作中,主要存在以下问题:     

税收流失的博弈研究

本文认为税收流失是经济现象在税收领域的反映,体现的是纳税人采取各种手段与税务机关的博弈过程。由此,引入博弈论的方法,并提出应对思路,以期对加强税收管理工作起到一定的积极作用。     

国外税务稽查经验及借鉴

当今,世界各国税务机关普遍重视稽查工作,一方面将财力、物力和人力向稽查部门倾斜,并借助科技力量和法律武器为税务稽查保驾护航;另一方面,加强税务稽查案源信息管理,以提高稽查工作的质量和效率。本文借鉴国外先进经验,提出了未来我国税务稽查应当在组织、流程以及法律保障等方面进行改进,以减少税收流失,提高全民纳税意识。     

Does Germany Collect Revenue from Taxing the Normal Return to Capital?*

A widespread objection to the introduction of consumption tax systems claims that this would lead to high tax revenue losses. This paper investigates the revenue effects of a consumption tax reform in Germany. Our results suggest that the revenue losses would be surprisingly low. We find a maximum revenue loss of 1.6 per cent of annual GDP. In some years, we even find tax revenue gains. This implies that the current tax system collects little revenue from taxing the normal return to capital. Based on these results, we calculate a macroeconomic measure of the effective tax rate on capital income.     

税收缺口问题研究述评

对税收流失的治理是提高税收收入的重要保证。税收缺口反映了税收流失的相对规模。从国外相关实证研究结果看,地下经济、纳税习俗及征管效率对税收缺口的大小具有非常重要的影响。我国的税收流失与这三个因素都具有非常密切的联系,应结合我国的实际情况,对上述三个因素对我国税收缺口的影响进行深入研究。     

Tax-Loss Selling and the January Effect: Evidence from Municipal Bond Closed-End Funds

This paper provides direct evidence supporting the tax‐loss selling hypothesis as an explanation of the January effect. Examining turn‐of‐the‐year return and volume patterns for municipal bond closed‐end funds, which are held mostly by tax‐sensitive individual investors, we document a January effect for these funds, but not for their underlying assets. We provide evidence that this effect can be largely explained by tax‐loss selling activities at the previous year‐end. Moreover, we find that funds associated with brokerage firms display more tax‐loss selling behavior, suggesting that tax counseling plays a role.     

Share Repurchases

The UK government recently introduced legislation to treat the qualifying distribution on a repurchase of shares in the same way as ‘foreign income dividends’. This paper examines and criticises this reform from two perspectives. First, there is no underlying rationale for such an approach. Second, the legislation moves the tax system away from simplification. A better approach would have been to remove the advance corporation tax (ACT) charge on a repurchase. JEL classification: H25, K34.     

Neutral Taxation of Shareholder Income

A Norwegian tax reform committee recently proposed a personal tax on the realized income from shares after deduction for an imputed risk-free rate of return. This paper describes the design of the proposed shareholder income tax and shows that it will be neutral with respect to investment and financing decisions and decisions to realize capital gains, provided that full loss offsets are granted. Thus the tax allows some non-distortionary double taxation of corporate equity income. With an appropriate choice of tax rates, it also solves the problem of income shifting under a dual income tax. JEL Code: H24, H25     

Determinants of the Variability of Corporate Effective Tax Rates: Evidence from Romanian Listed Companies

In this paper, I investigate the determinants of firm-specific corporate tax rates for nonfinancial companies listed on the Bucharest Stock Exchange over a twelve-year period (2000-2011). Using a fixed effects panel data estimation model to account for individual firm heterogeneity, I find that capital intensity, leverage, and loss carry-forward provisions negatively affect corporate effective tax rates; company size and labor intensity have no effect; and profitability has a positive effect. Going beyond the deterministic investigation, the paper cannot provide evidence of tax-planning activities for the companies considered. Moreover, legal differences between financial and tax accounting related to provisions are found to have a positive effect on firm-specific effective tax rates.     

一个基于征税人视角的税收流失模型

在我国的税收实践中,虽然纳税人是导致税收流失最主要的方面,但由于征税人方面的原因而导致的税收流失也不容忽视。运用预期效用理论,对税务人员的违规行为进行建模分析的结果表明,应加强对税务人员的管理,以防止和减少因税务人员的违规所导致的税收流失。     

When Taxation Changes the Course of the Year: Fiscal‐Year Adjustments and the German Tax Reform of 2000–01*

This paper examines 157 German listed corporations that had the option of changing their fiscal year to achieve a possible tax reduction in connection with the major tax reform of 2000—01. The tax reduction from a change was larger, the larger the expected profits. However, with costs of changing the fiscal year, not all firms that expect a tax reduction from a change may do so. The paper presents empirical evidence that the propensity to change the fiscal year was significantly related to the amount of expected tax savings. This suggests that the corporate tax reduction — in combination with the special German transitory provisions — induced a deadweight loss: corporations incurred a non‐tax cost to avoid a tax cost.