人民币实际有效汇率变动对区域经济的传递效应研究——以辽宁省为例

<正>本文首先建立了进出口局部均衡模型,采用Engle-Granger协整模型对人民币实际有效汇率变动对辽宁省进出口贸易的长期影响和短期冲击效应进行了实证研究,进一步构建了包含经济总量、价格水平、财政收入、居民消费、人民币汇率的向量自回归模型,基于Granger因果检验和脉冲响应函数判断了变量间的动态关系,结果表明,进出口贸易的收入弹性大于汇率弹性,人民币汇率变动对于贸易不平衡的调整效果并不显著,人民币汇率波动对经济增长会产生一定程度的负效应,随着人民币双向波动的趋势不断增强,并接近均衡水平,更要有效发挥汇率在实现总量平衡、结构调整及经济发展转型中的作用。     

贸易与金融双视角下的跨境贸易人民币结算影响因素研究

基于国际贸易结算货币选择理论,运用2009~2012年的月度数据从贸易和金融双视角出发,采用协整检验、脉冲响应函数及方差分解等实证方法对跨境贸易人民币结算的影响因素进行研究。实证得出:其中四个因素对跨境贸易人民币结算职能产生冲击效应,其影响程度从大到小依次为:人均GDP增长率、我国与发达国家贸易占比、我国与东盟贸易额增长率、人民币实际有效汇率波动,且证实汇率波动冲击对跨境贸易人民币结算占比有动态的负向影响。     

贸易与金融双视角下的跨境贸易人民币结算影响因素研究

基于国际贸易结算货币选择理论,运用2009~2012年的月度数据从贸易和金融双视角出发,采用协整检验、脉冲响应函数及方差分解等实证方法对跨境贸易人民币结算的影响因素进行研究。实证得出：其中四个因素对跨境贸易人民币结算职能产生冲击效应,其影响程度从大到小依次为:人均GDP增长率、我国与发达国家贸易占比、我国与东盟贸易额增长率、人民币实际有效汇率波动,且证实汇率波动冲击对跨境贸易人民币结算占比有动态的负向影响。     

人民币名义有效汇率和股价指数的动态关系实证研究

以人民币名义有效汇率指数、利差和上证综指为变量,通过时间序列的单位根检验、协整检验和误差修正模型检验等方法对比检验金融危机前后人民币名义有效汇率指数和上证综指的动态关系。研究结果表明,汇率和股价存在长期协整关系。金融危机期间,存在股价指数到汇率的短期波动调整。     

人民币实际汇率变动对贸易结构调整的实证研究

本文运用实证手段研究人民币实际汇率变动对贸易结构的调整效应。通过对人民币实际有效汇率和贸易特化系数进行协整检验,得出两者之间存在稳定的协整关系且人民币实际有效汇率是贸易特化系数的格兰杰原因的结论。人民币升值对不同贸易部门具有不同影响,对贸易结构产生调整效应;在汇率制度改革之后,人民币汇率变得更富有弹性,贸易政策应与汇率制度改革相配合以促进我国贸易结构的优化。     

人民币实际有效汇率、FDI与中国经济增长——兼论巴拉萨-萨缪尔森效应在中国的适用性

本文在VAR模型的基础上,利用协整分析、格兰杰因果检验和脉冲响应函数,研究了人民币实际有效汇率、FDI和中国经济增长的动态关系.结果表明,长期内人民币实际有效汇率贬值,促进了FDI流入;中国经济增长促进了人民币实际有效汇率的升值,证明了巴拉萨-萨缪尔森效应的存在.     

我国经济增长及人民币实际有效汇率对FDI影响的实证分析

本文基于我国2005年7月汇改以来人民币实际有效汇率、国内生产总值以及外商直接投资的季度数据,运用协整分析经济增长和人民币实际有效汇率的变动对我国FDI的影响。通过实证检验发现三者之间存在长期稳定关系,经济增长和汇率上升均会引起FDI的增加,且人民币汇率变动对FDI的影响大于经济增长对FDI的影响。     

人民币汇率变动与实际产出——基于协整的VECM分析

本文通过协整分析和VECM检验表明,实际产出、出口额、实际利用FDI和人民币实际有效汇率四个指标变量之间存在长期均衡关系和短期动态关系。长期内人民币实际有效汇率与实际产出呈负相关关系,人民币实际有效汇率每上升1％,实际产出将下降0．26％。短期内,人民币实际有效汇率变化主要对出口产生冲击,并与出口、FDI一起对实际产出产生影响。     

人民币汇率变化对我国贸易收支影响的分析

汇率是一国经济运行的重要经济变量,汇率的变化会对宏观经济产生深刻的影响。本文将通过单位根检验和协整分析等计量方法,综合J曲线效应、马歇尔-勒纳条件分析,探讨人民币汇率变化时我国贸易收支的影响。     

汇率制度改革后人民币有效汇率测算及对国际贸易、外汇储备的影响分析

本文以汇率制度改革日为基期,通过选取样本和构造权重,对人民币实际有效汇率进行新的测算,并与国际清算银行(BIS)公布的数据进行了比对;通过对结果数据和相关变量进行Johansen协整检验、Granger因果检验和相关系数的计算等,认为人民币实际有效汇率与贸易顺差之间具有长期的协整关系,实际有效汇率贬值是导致中国贸易顺差加大的原因之一;但仅凭借人民币升值并不能改变我国贸易双顺差的局面,贸易结构的变化甚至会对人民币汇率构成一定的先导作用;实证分析还显示汇率弹性的增大会使我国外汇储备受汇率牵制的程度有所缓解。     

教育与资本怎样的前景怎样的现实

来自政府的声音: "动员各种社会资源,发展教育" 此次论坛上财政部长助理张少春的发言是最受关注的发言之一.他的演讲传达出的信息有这样几方面:第一,谈到现实,他认为全社会对教育的巨大需求与我国公共投入不足已成为我国教育事业发展的突出矛盾.近年来,以公共部门投入为主,多渠道筹措教育经费的教育投入机制成为解决这一问题的重要途径,也使得公共部门与私营部门在教育领域的合作日益密切.第二,谈到前景,他认为,1.中国经济持续、快速的增长对高技能人才产生巨大的需求,这为私营部门的参与提供了广阔空间.2.随着公共财政职能的不断完善,财政资金将在各项教育事业中重新进行分配,进一步优化财政支出结构,提高资金的使用效率.在"十一五"期间,我国将把公共支出的重点转移到农村.我们将逐步把全体农村适龄儿童的义务教育全部纳入公共财政体制.     

Debt and Taxes and Uncertainty

With a graduated personal tax schedule, Miller showed that there could be an equilibrium debt supply for the corporate sector as a whole. In the presence of uncertainty there is also a unique debt/equity ratio for each individual firm, and this ratio is related to the firm's operational risk characteristics. However, if firms merge and spin off in response to tax incentives, the identity of firms is ambiguous and only the corporate sector is a meaningful construct. These arguments are developed in both discrete and continuous models that employ extensions of the arbitrage-free pricing theory.     

Director gender and mergers and acquisitions

Does director gender influence CEO empire building? Does it affect the bid premium paid for target firms? Less overconfident female directors less overestimate merger gains. As a result, firms with female directors are less likely to make acquisitions and if they do, pay lower bid premia. Using acquisition bids by S&P 1500 companies during 1997–2009 we find that each additional female director is associated with 7.6% fewer bids, and each additional female director on a bidder board reduces the bid premium paid by 15.4%. Our findings support the notion that female directors help create shareholder value through their influence on acquisition decisions. We also discuss other possible interpretations of our findings.     

Political corruption and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between political corruption and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that local corruption increases firm acquisitiveness but decreases firm targetiveness. The levels of corruption in acquirer areas relate positively to the bid premiums and negatively to the likelihood of deal completion. Corruption motivates acquiring firms to use excess cash for payment, which mitigates the negative effect of corruption on acquirer shareholder value. The evidence indicates that acquisitions help acquiring firms convert cash into hard-to-extract assets and relocate assets from the high to low corruption areas, thereby shielding their liquid assets from expropriation by local officials.     

East and west and north and south : A preliminary model

The Brandt report and other proposals for a new North-South world order continue to be the focus of lively debate, yet it is often argued that little concrete has emerged from their recommendations. A major reason for this, the author argues, is that the East-West conflict component is not sufficiently taken into consideration-East-West tensions are a severe constraint on and a determining factor of North-South relations. Using influence diagrams, the author develops a flexible framework for discussion and assessment of N/S-E/W relations.     

Tournament-based incentives and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between tournament-based incentives, which are proxied by the difference between a firm's CEO pay and the median pay of the senior managers, and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that tournament-based incentives are positively related to firm acquisitiveness and acquiring firms' stock and operating performance. Further analysis indicates that positive acquisition performance increases the likelihood of the CEO being promoted from inside the acquiring firm. Our evidence is consistent with the view that tournament-based incentives motivate acquiring firms' managers to make greater efforts and take more risk that result in superior acquisition performance.     

Trust and cross-border mergers and acquisitions

A number of studies suggest that social trust matters for investment. Using different measures of trust from World Values Survey, we show that countries where people display higher levels of trust engage in more cross-border M&A activities. When they do, these acquirers pay lower premiums. To the extent that these acquirers also tend to engage in larger acquisitions as well, our findings suggest that a larger selection pool of potential targets and higher value targets enable these acquirers to negotiate for lower premiums. We do not find evidence of the significant effect for target country trust levels. Hence, trust may benefit those acquiring firms in cross-border transactions.