促进就业税收政策初探

现行促进就业的税收政策存在一些不足,应从扩大对就业优惠的适用范围等方面入手,完善现行促进就业的税收政策,并制定相关配套政策。     

促进我国城乡就业统筹发展的税收政策

本文从乡镇企业安置农村剩余劳动力就业的视角,客观评价了税收政策对乡镇企业就业的影响,提出了促进农村剩余劳动力就近非农就业的税收政策建议。     

2014年营业税政策调整盘点

2014年,财政部、国家税务总局下发政策法规11个,下面就营业税政策的主要变化进行盘点和解析。一、支持和促进重点群体创业就业有关税收政策《财政部、国家税务总局、人力资源社会保障部关于继续实施支持和促进重点群体创业就业有关税收政策的通知》(财税[2014]39号)就继续实施支持和促进重点群体创业就业税收政策有关问题予以明确。1.对持《就业失业登记证》(注明"自主创业税收政策"或     

税收政策促进就业的理论分析与实践探索

税收政策作为国家宏观经济调控的重要手段之一,对解决经济下行压力之下的就业问题能起到一定的积极作用,但也有一些局限性。本文针对我国目前的就业现状,分析税收政策对促进就业的效用以及存在政策稳定性不足、税收优惠作用不明显、政策体系性不强等问题,并提出调整相关税收政策、提高政策稳定性、加大税收优惠力度、优化政策实施等促进就业的税收政策的完善建议。     

发达国家促进就业的税收政策比较与借鉴

失业是市场经济条件下普遍存在的现象,失业率过高对经济健康发展和社会稳定带来负面影响。世界各国采取许多宏观经济政策,包括税收政策来促进就业。我国目前在利用税收政策促进就业方面做得还不够,应借鉴发达国家经验,对相关税收政策做进一步的调整。     

创业就业税收优惠政策延期三年

4月底,财政部、国家税务总局、人力资源社会保障部联合发布《关于继续实施支持和促进重点群体创业就业有关税收政策的通知》,继续实施支持和促进重点群体创业就业。自2011年1月1日起实施了新的支持和促进就业的税收优惠政策,进一步扩大了享受税收优惠政策的人员范围,该政策于2013年12月31日执行到期。根据当前宏观经济形势和就业面临的新情况、新问题,为扩大就业,鼓励以创业带动就业,将继续实施支持和促进重点群体创业就业税收政策。     

关于支持和促进重点群体创业就业有关税收政策具体实施问题的公告

为贯彻落实《财政部国家税务总局人力资源社会保障部关于继续实施支持和促进重点群体创业就业有关税收政策的通知》（财税[2014]39号）精神,现将创业就业有关税收政策的具体实施意见公告如下：     

国家税务总局、财政部、人力资源社会保障部、教育部、民政部关于支持和促进重点群体创业就业有关税收政策具体实施问题的公告

为贯彻落实《财政部、国家税务总局人力资源社会保障部关于继续实施支持和促进重点群体创业就业有关税收政策的通知》（财税[2014]39号）精神,现将创业就业有关税收政策的具体实施意见公告如下：     

国家实施促进就业税收扶持新政策

为了进一步扩大就业,推动以创业带动就业,财政部、国家税务总局对促进就业税收优惠政策进行了调整和完善,并于近日发布了《关于支持和促进就业有关税收政策的通     

提升第三产业吸纳就业能力的税收政策探究

深入研究如何优化和完善支持第三产业发展的税收政策,对于推进第三产业快速有序发展、缓解当前就业压力有着重要意义。本文考察了我国第三产业相关税收政策的总体状况,分析了现行税收政策在促进第三产业发展上存在的不足,提出了提升第三产业吸纳就业能力的政策建议。     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.     

浅议金融机构的举证责任

金融纠纷案件是当事人以存单或进账单、对账单、存款合同、保险单、票据、证券等凭证为主要证据向人民法院提出诉讼的案件,对于不同种类金融纠纷的当事人的举证责任,我国现行的金融法律、法规及司法解释有不同的规定。由于金融机构的特殊法律地位,发生金融纠纷时存在有关当事人将最后偿付风险转移给金融机构承担的主观故意,在客观上会使金融机构难以提供相应的证据来对抗不法债权人的诉讼请求,而导致金融机构败诉。为此,对金融诉讼案件中金融机构的举证责任加以研究具有重要的实践意义。     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…     

银行管理信息平台建设发展的思考

一、目前国内银行IT发展现状及面临的问题 银行数据集中工作的完成,标志着银行的业务由电子化建设阶段转入信息化建设阶段.一方面银行数据的集中提供了丰富全面的基础数据,面对日益庞大的数据源,如何将数字转化为对银行有用的信息,并从中发现知识,为银行的经营决策提供支持,是摆在银行IT人员面前的一个亟待解决的问题.另一方面用户对银行信息的需求日益增长,如果银行没有一套完整、实用的信息管理系统,将对业务发展非常不利.南京爱立信公司倒戈花旗银行事件曾经轰动一时,其中一个重要原因就是中国本地银行不能满足爱立信全球总部对南京爱立信公司的要求:每周财务上报和每天贷款限额管理.这一事件为中国商业银行的未来发展敲响了警钟,如果不加快管理信息系统的开发,迅速提升业务管理水平,类似的事件还会接连不断地发生,并最终导致国内商业银行在同国外商业银行的竞争中全面溃败.