基层央行资产负债表健康性审计研究

央行资产负债表的状况是公众评价货币政策效果和形成政策预期的重要渠道。资产负债表的真实性和健康性越来越受到公众的关注,央行的资产负债表健康性审计也逐渐成为央行内审工作的重要内容。本文结合开展央行资产负债表健康性审计的意义,着眼于基层央行的实际情况,提出了基层央行资产负债表健康性的三项标准,明确了基层央行资产负债表健康性审计的主要内容、审计方法,初步构建了资产负债表审计框架。     

浅谈风险导向审计在基层央行的应用

风险导向审计作为一种审计理念和方法,代表了现代审计的发展方向和趋势,改变了审计风险控制的重点,提高了效率。在基层央行内部审计中引入风险导向审计,通过风险导向审计有重点、有针对性地制定审计计划,高效率地实施审计项目,有利于更好地把握和评估基层央行的风险点和风险环节,有利于促进基层央行审计工作的转型,有利于保证基层央行各项业务工作的顺利完成。     

基层央行内部审计成果转化存在的问题及建议

审计成果是审计工作的核心,是审计项目最终结果的体现。审计成果转化利用直接关系到审计的价值实现。近年来,基层央行内审部门围绕央行的中心工作开展审计,在保障各项业务操作规范和风险防范方面发挥了积极作用。但审计成果转化应用目前仍属于薄弱环节,使得审计成果无法有效转化到央行的管理与决策中,影响了审计价值的充分发挥。探讨如何进一步转化和利用审计成果,对推进内审工作转型和发展,促进基层央行科学决策、有效履职具有积极作用。     

基层央行业务信息系统审计的对策分析

本文首先介绍了信息系统审计在国内外中央银行的应用现状，其次剖析了基层央行开展业务信息系统审计的必要性、现状及存在的问题，最后详述了基层央行进行业务信息系统审计的对策建议。     

基层央行风险管理审计研究

目前,人民银行内部审计逐步由财务、业务合规性审计向内部控制审计、风险管理审计和绩效审计转变。本文首先阐述了基层央行开展风险管理审计的必要性,其次参考COSO风险管理框架并结合基层央行的实际情况确定了风险管理审计主要框架,明确了审计流程,最后构建了审计评价指标体系。     

创新基层央行内部审计人才培养模式思考

随着我国金融体制改革的不断深入,基层央行职能的调整和各项业务的发展变化,传统的内部审计模式难以满足审计工作的需要。为适应内审职能转型要求,创新基层央行内部审计人才培养模式,建立一支新型的能够适合基层央行发展需求的内审人才队伍,是有效提高基层央行履职能力的重要手段。     

构建基层央行战略匹配的价值增值型内部审计模式研究

深入探索基层央行增值型内部审计实现路径,是实现央行内审转型工作目标的客观要求.笔者从内部审计价值增值性分析入手,提出与战略匹配的价值增值型内部审计业务是内部审计增值效用实现的核心推动力.本文结合基层央行内审转型实践,就如何构建基层央行战略匹配的价值增值型内审模式进行初步探讨.     

绿色金融政策审计监督思考

基层央行开展绿色金融政策落实情况的内部审计是提高政治站位、服从国家大局和服务人民银行核心任务的使命担当,也是内审转型的实际需要,应重点围绕绿色金融体系建设、业绩评价、政策支持、资金真实性和安全性等方面开展专项审计;要坚持管理审计的理念,全面提升内审人员业务能力,通过信息技术的应用全面提升绿色金融政策审计质效.     

基层央行开展计算机辅助审计面临的问题及对策

随着计算机网络和信息处理技术的广泛应用,基层人民银行加大办公自动化的工作力度,绝大部分央行业务采用计算机联网处理,传统的手工审计模式已无法实现基层央行内审的基本需要,计算机辅助审计成为大势所趋。本文结合我行开展计算机辅助审计工作的实际体会,分析计算机辅助审计的作用和当前面临的主要问题,谈几点对推进基层央行计算机辅助审计工作的对策。     

基层央行信息系统审计存在的问题及建议

随着基层央行信息系统建设的不断发展，基层央行信息化给人民银行传统内部审计产生了巨大影响。如何加强对基层央行金融信息系统进行审计监督管理，关系到整个金融环境的安全和稳定。一、基层央行信息系统的现状（一）基层央行信息系统从无到有，并覆盖全行各类业务。基层央行从20世纪80年代末开始金融电子化建设，通过近二十年的努力，金融电子化得到了较快发展，并取得了显著成绩。在此期间，基层央行推广应用了一系列信息管理系统软件，并积累了大量的数据，     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.     

浅议金融机构的举证责任

金融纠纷案件是当事人以存单或进账单、对账单、存款合同、保险单、票据、证券等凭证为主要证据向人民法院提出诉讼的案件,对于不同种类金融纠纷的当事人的举证责任,我国现行的金融法律、法规及司法解释有不同的规定。由于金融机构的特殊法律地位,发生金融纠纷时存在有关当事人将最后偿付风险转移给金融机构承担的主观故意,在客观上会使金融机构难以提供相应的证据来对抗不法债权人的诉讼请求,而导致金融机构败诉。为此,对金融诉讼案件中金融机构的举证责任加以研究具有重要的实践意义。     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…     

银行管理信息平台建设发展的思考

一、目前国内银行IT发展现状及面临的问题 银行数据集中工作的完成,标志着银行的业务由电子化建设阶段转入信息化建设阶段.一方面银行数据的集中提供了丰富全面的基础数据,面对日益庞大的数据源,如何将数字转化为对银行有用的信息,并从中发现知识,为银行的经营决策提供支持,是摆在银行IT人员面前的一个亟待解决的问题.另一方面用户对银行信息的需求日益增长,如果银行没有一套完整、实用的信息管理系统,将对业务发展非常不利.南京爱立信公司倒戈花旗银行事件曾经轰动一时,其中一个重要原因就是中国本地银行不能满足爱立信全球总部对南京爱立信公司的要求:每周财务上报和每天贷款限额管理.这一事件为中国商业银行的未来发展敲响了警钟,如果不加快管理信息系统的开发,迅速提升业务管理水平,类似的事件还会接连不断地发生,并最终导致国内商业银行在同国外商业银行的竞争中全面溃败.