预算会计中引入权责发生制的思考

目前我国预算会计以收付实现制为核算基础,为适应公共财政受托责任的要求,满足政府预算外部利益相关者的信息诉求,推行绩效预算,对预算会计引入权责发生制是建立一个健全而透明的政府预算和会计体系的有效途径。本文主要分析我国现行预算会计存在的问题威府预算引入权责发生制的必要性以及引入权责发生制的路径选择。     

论我国预算、财务和会计“三位一体”改革

推进权责发生制为基础的政府会计改革不仅要编制年度收支预算,还要全面核算成本费用、资产负债,并编制政府各组成部门及政府整体财务报告,不仅要向公众报告年度预算执行情况,还要全面报告政府受托责任和履行责任的能力,因此,推进权责发生制为基础的政府会计和财务报告制度是公共财政管理的发展方向。     

对政府预算会计权责发生制改革的思考

我国政府的预算会计采用的是收付实现制的记账基础,这与我国政府职能转换、公共财政体制改革、政府绩效评价制度以及政府监督制度所带来的对政府会计信息更高的要求相抵触.本文在对收付实现制与权责发生制相比较以及论述权责发生制改革条件的基础上,提出政府预算会计权责发生制改革的具体建议.     

政府财务状况分析指标体系问题研究

目前,我国实行以收付实现制为基础的预算会计制度体系,主要通过预决算形式向社会公众披露政府及其职能部门的年度预算编制和执行的情况。根据建设服务型政府、提高财政透明度的公共财政建设要求,亟需借鉴发达市场经济国家的经验,推行政府会计改革,逐步建立以权责发生制为基础的政府综合财务报告,全面反映政府财务状况、运营情况和履行受托责任情况。政府财务状况分析作为政府综合财务报告的重要内容,     

对我国政府会计权责发生制改革的初步探讨

在二十世纪八十年代末，新西兰首开政府会计权责发生制改革之先河，对改进公共部门的效率效果、政府受托责任的履行取得了显著成效。尔后，世界各国纷纷开始了在政府会计与预算中引入权责发生制会计基础的理论研究与实践尝试。到目前为止，29个经合组织成员国中，至少有11个国家在其财务管理制度中一定程度地采用了权责发生制的方法。面对这一国际形势，我国的政府会计面临两个基础问题：要不要进行权责发生制的改革?如何进行这一改革。     

预算会计改革引入权责发生制的探讨

为适应预算会计环境的变化和市场经济对政府资金管理的需要,预算会计核算基础已由收付实现制向权责发生制转变。预算会计改革引入权责发生制是政府预算功能的根本性变化,也是一项技术改革。权责发生制有利于强化政府会计责任,提高政府财政透明度及财政信息的准确性,减少政府财政支出,更能提高政府机构管理效率。本文着重分析了预算会计改革引入权责发生制的必要性,同时提出了我国权责发生制预算会计的改革思路和方向。     

权责发生制在政府固定资产中的运用

在政府会计中引入权责发生制有助于考核政府履行受托责任的情况,推进世界经济一体化。借鉴国外权责发生制的应用实践,完善权责发生制在我国政府固定资产中的应用具有重要的意义。在对政府固定资产的相关概念进行相关界定之后,初步探讨了权责发生制在政府固定资产中的具体运用。     

权责发生制政府综合财务报告试编分析与思考

权责发生制政府综合财务报告是以权责发生制为基础,以政府财务信息为主要内容,以财务报表及相关文字说明为主要形式,全面反映政府整体财务状况、运行结果和受托责任履行情况的综合性年度报告。按照《山东省权责发生制政府综合财务报告制度改革方案》的要求,分步推进全省权责发生制政府综合财务报告制度改革工作,     

权责发生制预算会计改革:OECD国家的经验及启示

本文首先总结了权责发生制预算改革对于我国政府转型、财政体制改革以及提高政府预算会计信息质量的重要性和必要性 ,然后在借鉴OECD国家权责发生制预算会计改革实践经验的基础上 ,提出了我国预算会计权责发生制改革的思路和方向。     

析权责制政府会计改革与权责制预算编制改革的关系

从20世纪90年代以来,采用权责制的政府会计和预算成为许多国家进行公共财政管理改革的重要内容。那么．权责制会计改革和权责制预算编制改革之间究竟存在什么样的关系？在我国,是否需要同时推进这两项改革？本文拟作些分析。     

Bayesian Premium Rating with Latent Structure

We propose a fully Bayesian approach to non-life risk premium rating, based on hierarchical models with latent variables for both claim frequency and claim size. Inference is based on the joint posterior distribution and is performed by Markov Chain Monte Carlo. Rather than plug-in point estimates of all unknown parameters, we take into account all sources of uncertainty simultaneously when the model is used to predict claims and estimate risk premiums. Several models are fitted to both a simulated dataset and a small portfolio regarding theft from cars. We show that interaction among latent variables can improve predictions significantly. We also investigate when interaction is not necessary. We compare our results with those obtained under a standard generalized linear model and show through numerical simulation that geographically located and spatially interacting latent variables can successfully compensate for missing covariates. However, when applied to the real portfolio data, the proposed models are not better than standard models due to the lack of spatial structure in the data.     

The deliberation around accounting techniques: accounting for depreciation and foreign exchange in an Indian jute company, 1870-1900

This paper examines the way two accounting techniques, namely depreciation and foreign exchange, were deliberated on, between 1870 and 1900, in an Indian jute company whose shareholders resided in the UK. The arena for these deliberations was the conflictual relationship between controlling and non-controlling shareholders as to how best to account for depreciation and foreign exchange especially when the particular accountings affected distributional issues such as the dividend decision. The purpose of this paper is to analyse and explain the processes by which a company's accounting practices emerge and develop as a contest between different interests. Accounting framed the parameters of the deliberations and provided the language of power and dissent. The paper uses a rich archive that includes narrative and accounting material.     

Short-sale refinancing and price adjustment speed to bad news: Evidence from a quasi-natural experiment in China

Short selling may accelerate stock price adjustment to negative news. However, the literature provides mixed evidence for this prediction. Using short-sale refinancing and a staggered difference-in-differences (DID) model, this paper explores the effect of short selling on stock price adjustment. Our results show that (1) short-sale refinancing improves the speed of stock price adjustment to negative news. This result holds after we control for endogeneity. (2) The positive relationship between short-sale refinancing and stock price adjustment speed is significant in subsamples of stocks with higher earnings management or lower accuracy of analyst forecasts, indicating that firms with more opaque information are more likely to be targeted by short sellers. In subsamples of stocks with a higher ownership concentration or lower ownership by institutional investors, short selling is more likely to increase the speed of stock price adjustment, indicating that ownership structure may influence negative news mining. (3) As short-sale refinancing exacerbates the absorption of bad news by stock prices, it increases crash risk. This study enriches the research on the economic consequences of short selling and provides empirical evidence supporting regulations on short selling in China.     

Pricing Dynamic Insurance Risks Using the Principle of Equivalent Utility

We introduce an expected utility approach to price insurance risks in a dynamic financial market setting. The valuation method is based on comparing the maximal expected utility functions with and without incorporating the insurance product, as in the classical principle of equivalent utility. The pricing mechanism relies heavily on risk preferences and yields two reservation prices - one each for the underwriter and buyer of the contract. The framework is rather general and applies to a number of applications that we extensively analyze.     

Guidelines for Manuscripts Submitted to The China Journal of Accounting Research

正The China Journal of Accounting Research"CJAR"(ISSN 1755-3091)publishes quarterly.It contains peer-reviewed articles and commentaries on accounting,auditing and corporate governance issues that relate to the greater China region.We welcome the submission of both theoretical and empirical research papers pertinent to researchers,regulators and practitioners.Authors should note:     

The China puzzle: Opportunities for accounting research

How can China achieve phenomenal economic growth despite what is considered as 'weak' institutions in market-based economies? Xu(2011) provides a framework to u...     

International harmonization of Japanese accounting standards

Historically, Japanese accounting standards have been quite distinct from International Accounting Standards (IASs) which have been perceived as being modelled on British-American accounting standards. However, in the 1990s, after the publication of E32 in 1989 and the IASC-IOSCO Agreement in 1995, the Business Accounting Deliberation Committee (BADC), the standards-setting body in Japan, has pursued a policy of harmonization with IASs. Accounting standards relating to consolidated financial statements of companies that make cross-border offerings of securities or operate worldwide are being revised drastically. This paper focuses on the development of international accounting harmonization and its impact on Japan.     

Commodity financialization and sector ETFs: Evidence from crude oil futures

We investigate the diversification benefits of energy assets in the setting of commodity financialization using data on crude oil futures and Sector ETFs (SPDRs). Correlations between commodities and financial assets increased during the post-Commodity Futures Modernization Act (CFMA)/commodity bull cycle period, resulting in lower benefits of diversification. However, we find that conditional correlations between crude oil futures and sector ETFs meaningfully increased only since the 2008–09 financial crisis. The results therefore suggest that the financial crisis, rather than CFMA regulation, explains changes in the diversification benefits of commodities. Moreover, we find that oil futures returns are less correlated with SPDRs than with the S&P index. Thus, energy futures, and crude oil in particular, offer the potential for diversification benefits in sector-style investing.     

Income smoothing and the cost of debt

The literature on income smoothing focuses on the effect of earnings smoothing on the equity market.This paper investigates the effect of income smoothing on th...     

Aims and Scope

<正>The focus of the China Journal of Accounting Research is to publish theoretical and empirical research papers that use contemporary research methodologies to...