Neighborhood Street Layout and Property Value: The Interaction of Accessibility and Land Use Mix

This paper evaluates how consumers value differences in neighborhood composition and street layout, factors not previously included in empirical studies of house value. Highly connected street patterns are important to New Urbanism. We use measures of neighborhood street connectivity and their interaction with other neighborhood attributes to evaluate how street layout affects property values. We employ two different methods of indexing street layout. Both methods show layout has a significant impact on price, but conclusions are sensitive to the method used. In pedestrian oriented neighborhoods, a more gridiron-like street pattern increases house value using one measure, but greater connectivity decreases house value using the other. In auto-oriented developments, a more gridiron-like street pattern reduces house value using either measure.

Interday and intraday volatility: Additional evidence from the Shanghai Stock Exchange

After examining both the interday and intraday return volatility of the Shanghai Composite Stock Index, it was found that the open-to-open return variance is consistently greater than the close-to-close variance. Examining the volatility of interday returns and variance ratio tests with five-minute intervals reveals an L-shaped pattern, or more precisely, two L-shaped patterns, starting with a small hump during both the morning and the afternoon sessions, with the morning session having a much higher interday volatility than the afternoon session. This L-shaped interday volatility is supported by the similarly shaped intraday volatility pattern. This result suggests that the high volatility of intraday returns for the market open is not entirely due to the trading mechanisms (call auction in the market opening) but also due to both the accumulated overnight information and the trading halt effect. The five-minute breaks after the auction and blind auction procedures are the two major driving forces which exaggerate the high intraday volatility observed at the market open.

ECONOMIES OF SCALE AND SCOPE: THE CASE OF SPECIALTY HOSPITALS

The recent growth of physician‐owned hospitals specializing in orthopedic and surgical specialty services in the United States has generated considerable controversy, yet there is little understanding of the economic logic of organizing hospital services around these single specialties. This article takes a multiple output hospital cost function approach to an empirical investigation of whether single specialty hospitals (SSHs) exhibit economies of scale and economies of scope as keys to new insights into that logic. We applied generalized estimating equation techniques to a sample of 80 SSHs and 883 general hospital competitors over the 1998–2008 period. Results indicated large underlying scale differences across the organizational types. Simulation analysis revealed the potential for exploitation of economies of scope gained from shifting output from SSHs to general hospitals. (JEL I18, L23)     

影响生活满意度和信任感的因素——生活环境

生活满意度和信任感是当前社会政策的两个重要议题。这两个议题与一些社会问题密切相关,特别是当涉及如何测量社会政策的进程和影响力,如何扭转社会凝聚力的下降以及如何改变公民权利义务感缺失的颓势等争论时,关系表现的更加紧密。英国2001年进行的一项关于家庭情况的调查(BHP     

An Exploratory Study of Counterexplanation as an Ethical Intervention Strategy

The purpose of this exploratory study is to examine the use of an ethical intervention strategy – counterexplanation – on individuals’ ethical decision-making. As opposed to providing reasons to support a decision in the case of explanation, counterexplanation is the provision of reasons that either speak against or provide evidence against a chosen course of action. The number of explanations and/or counterexplanations provided by the participants is expected to have a significant effect on ethical evaluation and intention. The number of explanations is expected to be negatively related to ethical decision-making while the number of counterexplanations is expected to be positively related to ethical decision-making. The experiment, that made use of five ethical vignettes, manipulated four treatment groups – explanation, counterexplanation, explanation/counterexplanation, and counterexplanation/explanation. Participants were randomly assigned to one of the four reatments. They performed the requirements of their treatment before recording their ethical evaluations and intentions. As expected, larger numbers of explanations led to less ethical decision-making and larger numbers of counterexplanations led to more ethical decision-making. However, when both types of explanations are required, the order of counterexplaining before explaining is more desirable as it leads to more ethical decision-making. The study also reports that individuals with high social desirability bias (a tendency to present oneself in a culturally acceptable manner) may generate less counterexplanations. Implications of the findings are explained in the paper.     

Ethical Reasoning in an Equitable Relief Innocent Spouse Context

This study assessed the relationship between ethical reasoning and the decision to grant equitable relief using an innocent spouse vignette where a wife had partial knowledge of her husband's tax fraud. A path model derived from various ethics theories was tested using a sample of 357 accounting, legal, and human resource professionals, and after careful examination of the measurement and structural relationships in the path model, the results provided partial support for the study's hypotheses. Moral intensity was marginally associated with an increased recognition of an ethical issue and positively related ethical judgments made in an innocent spouse situation, and moral intensity was also negatively related to the decision to grant relief. The ethical judgment variable was positively related to the decision to grant relief, while ethical issue awareness was marginally associated with the decision to deny relief. The implications of these findings are discussed, along with the limitations of the study and suggestions for future research.     

联合战术微波着陆系统机载信号处理

本文描述了联合战术微波着陆系统(TTMLS)机载角度接收机中的信号处理技术,即如何利用综合化数字电子设备设计技术和与飞机结构有关的天线,实现全天候进场和着陆引导.综合化电子设备能在飞机所处的一个极宽范围内检测MLS信号并进行信号处理,为整个军用飞行控制系统和飞机座舱显示给出水平、垂直和航距引导信息.该系统能保证陆海空三军及民用导航的兼容性.     

实施电子商务的目标

引子 AlliedSignal是一家销售航空、汽车、化学、纤维和塑料产品的综合制造技术公司,其员工超过7万人,年销售额150亿美元.虽然Allied Signal公司的某些产品采用了新技术,也帮助其他公司研究新技术,但是自己的生产和销售主流还是几十年一贯制的产品.1999年,AlliedSignal公司的总裁拉里·鲍斯狄(Larry Bossidy)把公司各业务部门的负责人召集到一起,开一个为期一天的会议,并请戴尔(Dell)计算机公司总裁迈克戴尔(Michael Dell)和思科(Cisco)系统公司的总裁约翰钱伯斯(John Chambers)介绍各自公司实施电子商务的成功经验.     

美国民调看迈克尔·杰克逊

美国佐格比民意调查公司（Zogby）最新的一项民调结果显示，美国民众普遍认为名歌星迈克尔？杰克逊（Michael Jackson）在被指控猥亵男童事件中是有罪的。其中有54％的美国人认定他的确犯了罪，只有10％的人认为他并没有罪，29％的人觉得最好由审判来确定。很多受访认为如果杰克逊真的被判罪．那么他将免不了牢狱之灾。