城市商业中心地的形成与发展研究

在现实生活中,城市不同等级商业中心地的形成与发展主观上似乎遵循着某种规律,而客观上又呈现出无规则分布的特征.在城市不同等级商业中心地形成与发展过程中,有两个关键性因素,即交易成本和徒劳交易系数.这两个因素的变化情况,影响和制约了城市不同等级商业中心地的形成和发展.因此,在城市商业中心地的建设以及促进城市交易的活动过程中,节省交易成本支出、降低徒劳交易系数的制度安排、经营环境和信息流通空间就是非常重要的.     

Finding Pareto Optimal Insurance Contracts

This paper deals with on-line computation—or step-wise learning—of Pareto optimal insurance contracts. Our approach tolerates that the loss distribution might be unknown, intractable, or not well specified. Thus we accommodate fairly inexperienced parties. Losses are here simulated or observed, one at a time, and they cause iterated revisions of the premium. The mechanical and global nature of probability calculus thereby yields to more tentative, myopic procedures, possibly closer to how humans operate or reason in face of risk. Sequential revisions may also reduce the expense of insurers' time and money in seeking sufficient statistics. Emphasized below is the remarkable simplicity and stability of the resulting adaptive procedures. Special attention goes to catastrophic risks, and to subsidized or competitive insurance.     

WPS在处理质检办公文件中的合理使用

通过ＷＰＳ汉字编辑软件在处理质检办公文件的合理应用，提出了使用ＷＰＳ某些功能键的技巧，可使文件处理更规范，更完整。     

建立计算机管理系统 提高机车检修质量

山海关机务段针对传统质量管理手段和机车检修方法存在管理方法落后、检测手段落后和考核机制滞后等弊端,建立机车检修质量计算机管理系统。该系统具有收集处理检修质量信息,提供质量分析、定责、考核依据,强化配件检修质量及检修质量控制等功能,促进了机车质量稳步提高,为旅客列车安全正点运行提供了有力保障,为运输畅通和增运增收发挥了重要作用。     

Effectiveness and Effects of China’s Capital Controls

I. IntroductionNations at every stage of development and in every region of the world are more closelylinked through trade in goods and services, through flows of funds and investments ineach others’ economies than ever before. But in sharp contrast to more and more nationsloosening restrictions on international trade, controls over capital flows are still substantialnearly everywhere except in the most developed economies. This is certainly the case inChina, where restrictions on movements …     

To Earnestly Protect the Exclusive Right to Use a Registered Trademark and to Promote the Economic Development

State Administration for Industry and Commerce (SAIC) decided to launch the campaign to better protect the exclusive right to use a registered trademark and released "Action Plan for the Campaign of Protection of the Exclusive Right to Use a Registered Trademark".     

论张爱玲小说中的悲剧人生

张爱玲独特的人生经历赋予了她与众不同的悲剧气质。她在小说中,常赋予故事、人物、以一种大的时间跨度,在个体生命与永恒的对照中,表现个体的微末无力与孤独无助。在她看来,不能重建自我坚执完善的人格,人性扭曲所造成的悲剧是荒凉意味更浓的悲剧,因而“悲观”的气氛始终笼罩在她的作品之中。她的小说,将“过去”全都凝成一个一个“美丽而苍凉的手势,”以不可言喻的力量唤醒、启示着现实世界里的生命。