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941.
In this paper we study the pricing and hedging of options whose payoff is a polynomial function of the underlying price at
expiration; so-called ‘power options’. Working in the well-known Black and Scholes (1973) framework we derive closed-form
formulas for the prices of general power calls and puts. Parabola options are studied as a special case. Power options can
be hedged by statically combining ordinary options in such a way that their payoffs form a piecewise linear function which
approximates the power option's payoff. Traditional delta hedging may subsequently be used to reduce any residual risk. 相似文献
942.
In a two-country model with mobile capital we analyse decentralized social insurance policies. These policies are a compromise between the preferences of workers and capital owners. Due to wage bargaining, worker-based social insurance contributions are borne by capital owners. These contributions affect the profitability of investment, and consequently the direction and size of capital flows. Countries will take account of these effects in determining social insurance policy. Noncooperative decision making results in tax competition and an underprovision of social insurance. In addition, increasing economic integration, represented by increasing capital mobility, could imply a divergence of social insurance levels in the two countries. 相似文献
943.
Emile J. Brinkmann Paul M. Horvitz Ying-Lin Huang 《Journal of Financial Services Research》1996,10(1):27-41
Several recent articles have analyzed conditions under which allowing capital-deficient banks to continue to operate may be optimal policy. This article examines the performance of banks admitted into the FDIC's Capital Forbearance Program between 1986 and 1989 and finds that, for the majority of these banks, there was no substantial improvement in their capital ratios. We use a logit regression analysis to attempt to identify those banks whose financial condition improved with forbearance and find that banks which did improve are not clearly identifiable from pre-forbearance financial data. Instead, the banks which improved did so due to infusions of new capital, extraordinary income, and improvements in the local economies, factors which are not easily identifiable ex ante by regulators. The conclusion is that, while some grants of forbearance may result in large saving to the FDIC, in the majority of cases granting forbearance to troubled banks is unlikely to reduce the expected loss to the deposit insurer.University of HoustonUniversity of HoustonCooperative Bank of Taiwan, Taipei, Taiwan 相似文献
944.
Cynthia J. Campbell Charles E. Wasley 《Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting》1996,6(3):309-326
We extend prior research on the empirical properties of daily trading volume and methods to detect abnormal trading volume in two ways. We compare the performance of a nonparametric test statistic with the parametric test statistic used in prior research and we study samples of NASDAQ securities as well as samples of NYSE/ASE securities. Prior research has focused exclusively on NYSE securities. We find the nonparametric test statistic is more powerful in detecting abnormal trading volume than the parametric test statistic in both samples of NYSE/ASE and NASDAQ securities. We also document that abnormal trading volume will be detected more often in samples of NYSE/ASE securities compared to NASDAQ securities. 相似文献
945.
Ren M. Stulz 《European Financial Management》1996,2(1):11-22
In this keynote speech, I ask the question: Does the cost of capital differ for firms located in different countries? I argue that there are two ways to look at the cost of capital. First, there is the neoclassical perspective, which assumes that there are no agency problems. In integrated markets, the neoclassical cost of capital is the same in every country. Second, there is the agency perspective. Agency costs increase the cost of capital understood as the expected rate of return necessary for an investment to leave the value of the firm unaffected. Adjusting the cost of capital for agency costs, I argue that it differs across countries because of differences in corporate governance. I then provide a comparison of the agency-adjusted cost of capital between Japan and the US. 相似文献
946.
In most developing countries of the world, large scale public food procurement and distribution systems (PFDS) have become too expensive for the country governments to support from their own resources. Despite high financial and administrative costs of the programs, the degree of seasonal price stabilization and price support achieved through the activities remain quite low. Using the Bangladesh PFDS as a case study, this research indicates that considerable improvements in price support can be achieved by providing credit to the farmers immediately after the harvest. If the government procurement is reduced by 50 per cent in Bangladesh, and providing 150 per cent of the cost of running PFDS as credit, Bangladesh can improve the farmers' income and achieve better stability of cereal prices at a cost less than one-third of the current costs of the PFDS. 相似文献
947.
Monetary policy and financial markets are intrinsically linked. Central banks conduct monetary policy by influencing financial
market prices. Financial market prices reflect the expectations of market participants about future economic and monetary
developments. Monetary policy works primarily through expectations. Transparency and credibility render monetary policy more
effective. However, they are no substitutes for action. If a credible central bank uses words with the explicit aim of substituting
them for action, it will risk losing credibility. To avoid what has been described as “the dog chasing its tail” problem,
central banks must exercise caution in basing their monetary policy decisions on financial market information. The information
about expected future developments reflected in market prices must be continuously cross-checked against economic and monetary
indicators in what amounts to a “checks and balances” approach to monetary policy. 相似文献
948.
Do the Forward Sales of Real Estate Stabilize Spot Prices? 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
S. K. Wong C. Y. Yiu M. K. S. Tse K. W. Chau 《The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics》2006,32(3):289-304
We examine the effect of forward sale (pre-sale) activities on the volatility of spot prices in the real estate market. The
abundance of pre-sales data and major changes in regulatory control on the pre-sale market during the 90's in Hong Kong allow
us to undertake empirical tests using Hong Kong's real estate data. Our results show that the volatility of spot prices increased
significantly after forward sales were severely dampened by regulatory control measures introduced in 1994, but decreased
again when the measures were partly relaxed in 1998. The results contribute to the long lasting debate on whether the introduction
of a futures market reduces the volatility of spot prices. Previous studies were mainly conducted in markets with low transaction
costs, notably financial markets. By utilizing the unique regulatory changes in the pre-sale market of Hong Kong, we are able
to conduct an experiment on the conditional volatility of spot prices in a high information-cost environment, thereby shedding
light on the important role of forward housing contracts in providing price expectation information for spot trading. 相似文献
949.
The Relevance of Stock and Flow-Based Reporting Information In Assessing the Likelihood of Emergence from Corporate Financial Distress 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Gregory D. Kane Frederick M. Richardson Uma Velury 《Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting》2006,26(1):5-22
A number of recent studies have shown that earnings information is less useful and value relevant when firms are financially
troubled. This finding has given rise to the consideration of alternatives. In this paper, we examine the contributions of
book value-based proxies (normal earnings and abandonment value) and flow-based proxies (earnings and operating accruals)
to the assessment of the likelihood of emergence from financial distress. Our prior reasoning is that while book value-based
proxies may provide information about potential future cash resources, flow-based proxies, because they capture the progress
of reorganization efforts underway, as opposed to mere potential, should be relatively more useful in assessing the likelihood
of emergence from distress. Our findings are consistent with this explanation. We document that the primary predictors of
emergence are flow-based proxies—in particular, cash from operations, net of earnings. 相似文献
950.
Are Busy Boards Effective Monitors? 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
Firms with busy boards, those in which a majority of outside directors hold three or more directorships, are associated with weak corporate governance. These firms exhibit lower market‐to‐book ratios, weaker profitability, and lower sensitivity of CEO turnover to firm performance. Independent but busy boards display CEO turnover‐performance sensitivities indistinguishable from those of inside‐dominated boards. Departures of busy outside directors generate positive abnormal returns (ARs). When directors become busy as a result of acquiring an additional directorship, other companies in which they hold board seats experience negative ARs. Busy outside directors are more likely to depart boards following poor performance. 相似文献