全文获取类型
收费全文 | 9965篇 |
免费 | 1346篇 |
国内免费 | 24篇 |
专业分类
财政金融 | 1516篇 |
工业经济 | 752篇 |
计划管理 | 2171篇 |
经济学 | 2085篇 |
综合类 | 623篇 |
运输经济 | 180篇 |
旅游经济 | 104篇 |
贸易经济 | 1847篇 |
农业经济 | 643篇 |
经济概况 | 1395篇 |
信息产业经济 | 6篇 |
邮电经济 | 13篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 5篇 |
2023年 | 50篇 |
2022年 | 110篇 |
2021年 | 270篇 |
2020年 | 328篇 |
2019年 | 600篇 |
2018年 | 322篇 |
2017年 | 515篇 |
2016年 | 463篇 |
2015年 | 552篇 |
2014年 | 576篇 |
2013年 | 909篇 |
2012年 | 847篇 |
2011年 | 937篇 |
2010年 | 770篇 |
2009年 | 622篇 |
2008年 | 630篇 |
2007年 | 575篇 |
2006年 | 563篇 |
2005年 | 569篇 |
2004年 | 203篇 |
2003年 | 200篇 |
2002年 | 216篇 |
2001年 | 180篇 |
2000年 | 98篇 |
1999年 | 42篇 |
1998年 | 24篇 |
1997年 | 25篇 |
1996年 | 27篇 |
1995年 | 18篇 |
1994年 | 5篇 |
1993年 | 9篇 |
1992年 | 5篇 |
1991年 | 6篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
1988年 | 4篇 |
1987年 | 7篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 5篇 |
1984年 | 7篇 |
1983年 | 7篇 |
1982年 | 4篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1980年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 7篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1971年 | 3篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
1955年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 296 毫秒
51.
Theoretical studies have shown that under unorthodox assumptions on preferences and production technologies, collateral constraints can act as a powerful amplification and propagation mechanism of exogenous shocks. We investigate whether or not this result holds under more standard assumptions. We find that collateral constraints typically generate small output amplification. Large amplification is obtained as a “knife‐edge” type of result. 相似文献
52.
介绍了计轴自动站间闭塞和调度集中设备概况,针对这些技术设备在青藏铁路哈尔盖—格尔木间的应用,论述了相应的行车组织对策,并根据目前的有关规章要求,对计轴自动站间闭塞方式和调度集中作业提出了应进一步研究和探讨的问题。 相似文献
53.
The margin system is the first line of defense against the default risk of a clearinghouse. From the perspectives of a clearinghouse, the utmost concern is to have a prudential system to control the default exposure. Once the level of prudentiality is set, the next concern will be the opportunity cost of the investors, because high opportunity cost discourages people from hedging futures, and thus defeats the function of a futures market. In this article, we first develop different measures of prudentiality and opportunity cost. We then formulate a statistical framework to evaluate different margin‐setting methodologies, all of which strike a balance between prudentiality and opportunity cost. Three margin‐setting methodologies, namely, (1) using simple moving averages; (2) using exponentially weighted moving averages; (3) using a GARCH approach, are applied to the Hang Seng Index futures. Keeping the same prudentiality level, it is shown that the one using a GARCH approach by and large gives the lowest average overcharge. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 24:117–145, 2004 相似文献
54.
This article uses a nonparametric test based on the arc‐sine law (see, e.g., Feller, 1965 ), which involves comparing the theoretical distribution implied by an intraday random walk with the empirical frequency distribution of the daily high/low times, in order to address the question of whether the abandonment of pit trading has been associated with greater market efficiency. If market inefficiencies result from flaws in the market microstructure of pit trading, they ought to have been eliminated by the introduction of screen trading. If, on the other hand, the inefficiencies are a reflection of investor psychology, they are likely to have survived, unaffected by the changeover. We focus here on four cases. Both the FTSE‐100 and CAC‐40 index futures contracts were originally traded by open outcry and have moved over to electronic trading in recent years, so that we are able to compare pricing behavior before and after the changeover. The equivalent contracts in Germany and Korea, on the other hand, have been traded electronically ever since their inception. Our results overwhelmingly reject the random‐walk hypothesis both for open‐outcry and electronic‐trading data sets, suggesting there has been no increase in efficiency as a result of the introduction of screen trading. One possible explanation consistent with our results would be that the index futures market is characterized by intraday overreaction. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 24:337–357, 2004 相似文献
55.
This article analyzes the effects of the length of hedging horizon on the optimal hedge ratio and hedging effectiveness using 9 different hedging horizons and 25 different commodities. We discuss the concept of short‐ and long‐run hedge ratios and propose a technique to simultaneously estimate them. The empirical results indicate that the short‐run hedge ratios are significantly less than 1 and increase with the length of hedging horizon. We also find that hedging effectiveness increases with the length of hedging horizon. However, the long‐run hedge ratio is found to be close to the naïve hedge ratio of unity. This implies that, if the hedging horizon is long, then the naïve hedge ratio is close to the optimum hedge ratio. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 24:359–386, 2004 相似文献
57.
苏南乡镇企业能否实现与现代市场经济的有效对接是社会各界广泛关注的重要课题。可喜的是,作为苏南乡镇企业的发源地之一,进入90年代以来,江苏无锡地区的江阴市,一大批乡镇企业积极实施资本经营战略,从1997年至今的短短几年间,已有10家公司上市,形成了中国股市 相似文献
58.
This paper considers positive action strategies amongst UK trade unions, aimed at increasing membership and levels of participation and representation among women and black workers. It provides an overview of women’s, black members’ and race structures within large Trades Union Congress unions and a detailed case study of one large UK trade union. We find that there are salient differences in the way that unions approach issues of gender equality, compared with the approach adopted towards race equality. The paper explores possible explanations, justifications and implications of these differences. 相似文献
59.
60.