中小企业对申请贷款望而却步的原因分析

笔者利用世界银行投资环境调查的数据,实证分析了中小企业有信贷需求但对申请贷款望而却步的原因。实证结果表明:规模更大、盈利性更好、成长更快的企业不太可能出现对申请贷款望而却步的情况;银企关系是影响中小企业对申请贷款望而却步的重要因素;金融生态(法治环境和诚信文化等)对于银企关系效应的发挥具有显著的促进作用。     

“主体-技术”协同视角下的战略性新兴产业创新网络分类研究——以新能源汽车产业为例

本文以“主体-技术”协同视角来分析战略性新兴产业创新网络形成的内在机理和分类模式。在结合2-模网络理论基础上，从核心技术和创新主体两个维度出发，将战略性新兴产业创新网络分为单核心实验室型、单核心产业链型、单核心辅助型、单核心复合型、多核心实验室型、多核心产业链型、多核心辅助型和多核心复合型。同时，以中国新能源汽车产业为例，通过实证分析发现：除了单核心辅助型和多核心辅助型之外，其它6种模式均存在，并进一步对其创新网络的分类模式及相关特征进行了全面分析。     

Measuring Farm and Market Level Economic Impacts of Improved Maize Production Technologies in Ethiopia: Evidence from Panel Data

While it is often recognised that agricultural technology adoption decisions are intertwined and best characterised by multivariate models, typical approaches to examining adoption and impacts of agricultural technology have focused on single technology adoption choice and ignored interdependence among technologies. We examine farm‐ and market‐level impacts of multiple technology adoption choices using comprehensive household survey data collected in 2010/11 and 2012/13 in Ethiopia. Economic surplus analysis combined with panel data switching endogenous regression models are used to compute the supply shift parameter (K‐shift parameter), while at the same time controlling for the endogeneity inherent in agricultural technology adoption among farmers. We find that our improved technology set choices have significant impacts on farm‐level maize yield and maize production costs, where the greatest effect appears to be generated when various technologies are combined. The change in maize yield and production costs results in an average 26.4% cost reduction per kilogram of maize output (the K‐shift parameter). This increases the producer and consumer surpluses by US$ 140 and US$ 105 million per annum, respectively. These changes in economic surplus help to reduce the number of poor people by an estimated 788 thousand per year. We conclude that deliberate extension efforts and other policies that encourage integration of technologies are important for maize technologies to yield their full potential at both farm and market levels.     

基于双kinect数据融合技术的工人作业疲劳智能化检测研究

本文针对制造型企业工人的作业疲劳检测问题,首先采用双kinect数据融合技术,提出了骨骼数据融合算法模型并应用于人体姿势识别,实现对工人作业疲劳姿势的智能化检测;然后将该算法与单kinect、Lin等算法比较,验证该算法的可靠性及识别精度;最后通过企业案例进行工人作业疲劳检测,结合人因工程学对工人动作进行分析并改善,对比验证结果表明,基于姿态角的双kinect人体姿势识别算法识别时间明显缩短,识别率显著增强,精准度较高,工人姿势识别数据具有较高可靠性.     

Does Social Media Get Your Attention?

The author investigates how social media affects stock prices and post–earnings announcement drift in response to companies’ quarterly earnings announcements. Using quarterly earnings data as well Twitter and StockTwits data, the author utilizes Twitter volume and a residual methodology to generate an attention proxy that is orthogonal to the growth of Twitter accounts. The author finds that the new attention brought by social media after the earnings announcements positively affects the cumulative abnormal returns. Further, even companies reporting bad news can still have positive immediate cumulative abnormal returns if they attract enough attention from investors after an earnings announcement. The new attention effects are different in both magnitudes and statistical significance between social media popular and unpopular industries.     

中国游客赴捷克自助游的旅游流网络结构特征

捷克作为“一带一路”境外路线中重要的节点,是中国游客的重要旅游目的地之一。利用火车头脚本编辑器采集中国游客赴捷克游记,利用Ucinet软件和Netdraw软件,选取程度中心性、接近中心性、中介中心性等指标对网络结构特征进行分析。结果发现:游客关注的景点与政府推荐的景点存在差异;核心景点具有空间聚集性;整体网络密度低,景点之间联结仍不充分,但具有社团属性;中国游客主要选取租车自驾,其次是大巴、火车等交通方式,捷克城市内部公共交通便利。     

基于多源数据融合的地表覆盖数据重建研究进展综述

地表覆盖数据对于全球环境变化、生物多样性和发展政策制定有着重要意义。遥感已成为获取地表覆盖数据的重要手段。而目前的地表覆盖数据产品,如Globe Land30、FROM-GLC、MODIS Collection5、MODIS Cropland、Glob Cover、GLC2000等,存在数据精度不高、数据间一致性较差、与统计数据差异较大等问题。因此,基于多源数据融合的数据重建方法成为目前研究中的热点问题。文章检索了近10年关于多源数据融合在地表覆盖数据重建中的应用的相关文献,概括了多源数据在数据重建中的应用现状,并对基于多源数据融合的地表覆盖数据重建方法进行了归纳总结,重点评述了不同方法的特点及应用情况,阐明了各种方法的优势与不足,同时对存在的问题进行探讨并展望了未来基于多源数据融合的地表覆盖数据重建研究的发展方向。基于多源数据融合的数据重建方法包括基于多源遥感数据融合法以及基于多源遥感和非遥感数据融合法。该文在对基于多源遥感数据融合的数据重建方法进行论述时,主要讨论了其中应用最广泛的两种融合方法:基于数据一致性的融合法和基于回归分析的融合法。对于其他基于多源遥感数据融合的数据重建方法,如基于D-S证据理论融合法、基于数据集成融合法、基于统计模型融合法,也列举了最具代表性的相关文献进行论述。在对基于遥感数据和非遥感数据融合的数据重建方法进行论述时,主要讨论了其3种空间分配方法:完全依赖法、部分依赖法、动态依赖法。在对目前研究进行探讨的过程中,该文对其研究区域、数据源、地表覆盖类型、空间分辨率、融合方法和文献来源进行总结分析,并重点就融合方法展开讨论。围绕各种融合方法在数据重建中的运用,该文归纳出目前研究中存在的主要问题:研究对象和区域上的不足,研究区多为全球及欧美,其他区域的研究过少,研究对象多为所有地表覆盖类型和森林,对耕地和草地的研究过少;融合算法上的不足、重建结果精度上的不足。最后,指出基于多源数据融合的数据重建方法未来的发展方向,即综合运用两类方法,得到具有详细完整空间信息的长时间序列的地表覆盖数据集。     

Environmental Innovations and Internationalization: Theory and Practices

Based on original data on Italian firms specializing in medium‐ and low‐tech industries, we study the relationship between firms’ upstream and downstream internationalization and their propensity to introduce products or processes that reduce environmental impact. Preliminary evidence suggests that geography plays an important role in green firms’ activities and supply chains. More precisely, results suggest that firms that outsource to and rely on non‐local suppliers are less likely to engage in environmental innovations. Moreover, we verify that firms engaged in export activities play a similar and negative role, regardless of the export intensity and typology of foreign markets (i.e. developed versus emerging). Tapping global flows of knowledge by being a part of a multinational group positively spurs the development of green innovations, as for FDIs. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment     

Moving beyond the tensions in open environmental innovation towards a holistic perspective

This paper analyses factors determining open environmental innovation (EI) and explores the possibility of embracing their tensions to achieve integrated environmental strategic goals. Building on recent literature linking open innovation and EI, the study assumes open EI strategic goals as a multidimensional construct based on the “synergistic and interwoven nature” of four identified enabling factors, that is, partners, knowledge, benefits, and motivations. A fuzzy‐set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) based on Boolean algebra is conducted to analyse a set of 186 European companies operating in the telecommunication and information and communication technology (ICT) service industries. Making important theoretical, managerial, and policy contributions, this paper offers insights into the key factors enabling open EI and the tensional relationships within and between them. In doing so, it captures the non‐linear effects among these factors and the strategic goals related to an open EI strategy. It also suggests how the paradox theory might help in addressing the tensional dilemma of open EI strategy.