An empirical analysis of the relationship between the hedge ratio and hedging horizon: A simultaneous estimation of the short‐ and long‐run hedge ratios

This article analyzes the effects of the length of hedging horizon on the optimal hedge ratio and hedging effectiveness using 9 different hedging horizons and 25 different commodities. We discuss the concept of short‐ and long‐run hedge ratios and propose a technique to simultaneously estimate them. The empirical results indicate that the short‐run hedge ratios are significantly less than 1 and increase with the length of hedging horizon. We also find that hedging effectiveness increases with the length of hedging horizon. However, the long‐run hedge ratio is found to be close to the naïve hedge ratio of unity. This implies that, if the hedging horizon is long, then the naïve hedge ratio is close to the optimum hedge ratio. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 24:359–386, 2004     

浅议我国股票发行制度改革及对券商的影响

本文论述了我国股票发行制度从额度审批制到核准制,又到保荐人制的演变过程及其影响。同时阐述了券商投行在新的保荐制度下的应对策略。     

重大突发事件风险管理研究

当前，国际社会重大突发事件的风险性质正在发生剧烈的变化，只有了解和把握这些变化及其制约因素，才能够对此有一个准确、科学的认识。本文对国际社会重大突发事件风险性质的变化进行了概要性介绍，并从社会流动性和系统复杂性的提高，人类居所、活动或资产规模的增大和集中化，突发事件风险因素的变化，公共和私人机构处理风险职责的漂移，以及社会变化和对风险的理解等5个方面对重大突发事件的风险管理进行了探讨。     

旅游高等院校就业指导工作初探

旅游业人才的供需矛盾是长期困扰旅游教育界的问题,本文试从就业指导的角度探讨规划旅游专业毕业生职业发展的方法.     

IT基础设施定价问题透视

一、Internet定价的基本原则 网络服务定价的基本原则是既要充分考虑到网络服务成本,又要能通过服务定价提高网络资源利用率。而且,服务定价系统必须尽可能地具有通用性和开放性,以支持各种不同类型的Internet应用。 1、反映成本构成。Internet网络服务的成本构成如下:(1)提供网络基础设施的成本。包括网络的线路租金(包括国际联网费用,国内主干网费用和电话中继线费用)、节点(包括构成ISP所     

寄语《市场研究》

当全球迈入新世纪以来,政经变化、信息发达,往往也使得市场环境更加快速变迁,加上不确定性因素的提高,企业经营者纷纷面临市场饱和、产品加速淘汰、消费者嗜好善变及竞争者涌现等问题.面对多变的市场,单凭直觉反应和主观判断已无法应对营销决策上的需要,如何能化被动的适应防御为主动评估市场趋势已是现今社会的重要课题.     

人在江湖飘

在《功夫》一片中，周星星暗害包租婆不成，反中蛇毒加刀伤，于是跑到交通灯里，一套如来神掌下来，没事人一般。人在江湖飘，哪有不挨刀。身在广告这一行浸淫得久了，从哼哼哈哈的花拳绣腿到金钟罩、铁布衫，自我修炼的本领长了不少，任泰山崩于眼前面不改色。     

The dynamics of positive action in UK trade unions: the case of women and black members

This paper considers positive action strategies amongst UK trade unions, aimed at increasing membership and levels of participation and representation among women and black workers. It provides an overview of women’s, black members’ and race structures within large Trades Union Congress unions and a detailed case study of one large UK trade union. We find that there are salient differences in the way that unions approach issues of gender equality, compared with the approach adopted towards race equality. The paper explores possible explanations, justifications and implications of these differences.     

General‐to‐Specific Model Selection Procedures for Structural Vector Autoregressions*

Structural vector autoregressive (SVAR) models have emerged as a dominant research strategy in empirical macroeconomics, but suffer from the large number of parameters employed and the resulting estimation uncertainty associated with their impulse responses. In this paper, we propose general‐to‐specific (Gets) model selection procedures to overcome these limitations. It is shown that single‐equation procedures are generally efficient for the reduction of recursive SVAR models. The small‐sample properties of the proposed reduction procedure (as implemented using PcGets) are evaluated in a realistic Monte Carlo experiment. The impulse responses generated by the selected SVAR are found to be more precise and accurate than those of the unrestricted VAR. The proposed reduction strategy is then applied to the US monetary system considered by Christiano, Eichenbaum and Evans (Review of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 78, pp. 16–34, 1996) . The results are consistent with the Monte Carlo and question the validity of the impulse responses generated by the full system.     

Syndicated Loan Announcements and Borrower Value

Announcements of syndication loans increase borrowers' shareholder wealth if they are revolving credit agreements but not if they are term loans. Share price responses to revolving credit announcements are positive and significant, whereas the wealth effect for term loans is negative and significant. The results show that announcements from both the financial press and commercial information providers can affect borrower share price reaction. Overall, single syndication announcements appear to be more newsworthy than multiple announcements reported in the financial press, and we find evidence of information leakage, post‐announcement drift, or both.