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41.
Specialisation,localisation, and trade value in the wake of cross-border production sharing. The Central Eastern European Countries' case 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Gianfranco De Simone 《International Review of Economics》2007,54(1):106-128
We focus on five among the sectors in which most of the CEECs’ trade in middle products with EU-15 is concentrated. Over the
second half of the 1990s, we observe remarkable changes in both production and trade specialization as well as a significant
relocation of industries within CEECs. Using jointly trade and production data we outline co-movements in the adjustment of
specialisation patterns. We also show that the redistribution of activities at the regional level reflects the relocation
of industries at the global level. Finally, we try to detect the scope of fragmentation of production characterizing each
industry and the ways in which CEECs are moving along the “internationally sliced-up value chain”. (JEL: F10, F14, F15) 相似文献
42.
This paper analyses the political support for a social insurance that includes elements of redistribution when there exists an imperfect private insurance alternative. Individuals differ both in their income and risk. The social insurance is compulsory and charges an income-related contribution with pooling of risks. The private insurance is voluntary and charges a contribution based on individual risks. However due to the adverse selection problem, private insurance companies provide only partial insurance. Adopting a non-expected utility model, we show that there is a general majority support for social insurance and that this support is increasing with risk aversion. We also show that a mixed insurance is politically impossible, regardless of the degree of redistribution of social insurance and the joint distribution of risk and income in the population. Lastly, we analyse how the political support for social insurance is affected by any change in its redistributive component and the possibility of using genetic tests. 相似文献
43.
44.
GAME THEORETIC MODELS OF MIXED OLIGOPOLY 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
Abstract. In this paper we review various models that have been proposed for the study of mixed oligopoly, that is markets in which private and public firm compete on equal basis using only market instruments. 相似文献
45.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES: THE ROLE OF FINANCIAL CONSTRAINTS AND PUBLIC FUNDING 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Dirk Czarnitzki 《Scottish journal of political economy》2006,53(3):335-357
This paper presents microeconometric evidence on financing constraints for research and development activities in German small‐ and medium‐sized firms (SME). Special attention is paid to the role of public research and development (R&D) subsidies. For this purpose SMEs in West and East Germany are compared because these regions are very different in their supply of public R&D funding. The empirical evidence suggests that West German SMEs are financially constrained in their R&D activities by both internal and external resources. In East Germany, firms are not sensitive to external constraints, possibly due to high public R&D subsidies. The results show that R&D in East Germany is to a large extent driven by public subsidies and that the usual financial market mechanisms are dysfunctional with respect to R&D in this region. 相似文献
46.
Bruno De Borger 《European Journal of Political Economy》1997,13(4):765-781
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of externalities on pricing decisions by a public or a private regulated firm selling both final and intermediate goods. The externalities generate feedbacks in demand that affect both consumers and producers. The model is very general in that it does not impose constant returns to scale on private production, allows for distributional effects of both the publicly determined prices and private sector profits, and captures the general equilibrium effects of public pricing. Socially optimal pricing rules are derived, and the relation of the results with previous models of pricing in the presence of externalities is investigated. 相似文献
47.
如何有效地优化物流中心布局设计 ,以便在控制成本的同时提升产品的附加值 ,是众多企业面临的一个共同问题。本文从物流中心设置及配送方案着手 ,提出了相关的优化方法以期解决这一问题。 相似文献
48.
Dirk Ulrich Gilbert 《Zeitschrift für Management》2007,2(1):60-107
Der Beitrag vermittelt einen grundlegenden überblick über die Bedeutung des Vertrauens im Rahmen der ?konomischen Theorie.
Zun?chst werden ausgew?hlte Ans?tze im Rahmen der betriebswirtschaftlichen Vertrauensforschung diskutiert. Um eine strukturierte
Analyse zu erm?glichen, erfolgt eine differenzierte Betrachtung hinsichtlich der neoklassisch und institutionen?konomisch
fundierten Perspektive einerseits sowie der sozio?konomischen Perspektive andererseits. Die Diskussion um den Stand der Forschung
wird abgerundet durch einen überblick über empirische Ergebnisse der ?konomischen Vertrauensliteratur. Um noch offene Fragen
im Rahmen der Forschung zu adressieren, werden im Anschluss die unterschiedlichen Objekte des Vertrauens analysiert, differenziert
nach personalen Vertrauen und Systemvertrauen. Zum Abschluss gilt es die Verhaltensrisiken herauszuarbeiten, die mit Vertrauensbeziehungen
einhergehen und die Grenzen des Vertrauens in Organisationen zu beleuchten. 相似文献
49.
The Exchange Rate and its Fundamentals in a Complex World 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
We develop a nonlinear exchange rate model with heterogeneous agents. Some agents adopt a “fundamentalist” forecasting rule, while others use a “chartist” forecasting rule. We show that the model is capable of explaining the empirical puzzles relating to exchange rate movements. In particular, the model explains the “exchange rate determination” and PPP puzzles, the excess volatility, and fat tails in exchange rate returns. 相似文献
50.
This paper empirically investigates the development of cross-country differences in energy- and labour productivity. The analysis
is performed at a detailed sectoral level for 14 OECD countries, covering the period 1970–1997. A σ-convergence analysis reveals
that the development over time of the cross-country variation in productivity performance differs across sectors as well as
across different levels of aggregation. Both patterns of convergence as well as divergence are found. Cross-country variation
of productivity levels is typically larger for energy than for labour. A β-convergence analysis provides support for the hypothesis
that in most sectors lagging countries tend to catch up with technological leaders, in particular in terms of energy productivity.
Moreover, the results show that convergence is conditional, meaning that productivity levels converge to country-specific
steady states. Energy prices and wages are shown to positively affect energy- and labour-productivity growth, respectively.
We also find evidence for the importance of economies of scale, whereas the investment share, openness and specialization
play only a modest role in explaining cross-country variation in energy- and labour-productivity growth.
相似文献