The search for the latent information star

Abstract: R & D groups are knowledge-intensive organizations. As such, their principal assets are the men and women with scientific and technical training who constitute these groups. The raw materials that they work on and the products that they produce are ideas or information. The patents, papers, and hardware which emanate from these groups represent the physical manifestations of these ideas. One important concern for increasing productivity in R & D laboratories, therefore, is the facilitation of information flow into, within, and out of research group (Fischer, 1980). This paper considers an approach for improving the performance of an R & D group by increasing its information acquisition and processing capabilities and reports findings from a field study undertaken to examine this approach.     

Höchstzinspolitik,Inflation und wirtschaftliches Wachstum in Entwicklungsländern

Summary Interest Rate Ceilings, Inflation and Economic Growth in L.D.C.s. — Referring to the widespread prevalence of very low (frequently negative) real interest rates in most of the L.D.C.s this article empirically investigates the rationale for pursuing financial liberalization policies. First, it could be shown that the level of financial development is a significant determinant of the rate of capital formation and that for countries with low and stable inflation rates the constraints from the domestic financial sector are less effective than for those where high and very unstable rates of inflation are dominating. Secondly, in a cross-country analysis empirical support for McKinnon's “complementarity hypothesis” is provided, identifying the real rate of interest as positively related to private investment. Both findings are interpreted as recommendations for the freeing of interest rates and the reduction of inflation for stimulating growth in L.D.C.s.

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Résumé Les plafonds des taux d'intérêt, l'inflation et la croissance économique dans les PVD. — L'article se réfère à la prépondérance très répandue des taux réels très bas (souvent négatifs) dans la plupart des PVD et empiriquement analyse la raison de poursuivre une libération financière. Premièrement, l'auteur démontre que le niveau du développement financier est une déterminante significative du taux de la formation du capital et que dans les pays où les taux d'inflation sont bas et stables les restrictions en provenance du secteur local financier sont moins effectives que dans lesquels où les taux d'inflation hauts et très instables sont dominants. Deuxièmement, par une analyse transversale des pays l'auteur gagne un support empirique en faveur de la ?hypothèse de complémentarité? de McKinnon, c'est-à-dire qu'il y a une relation positive entre le taux réel d'intérêt et l'investissement privé. Les deux résultats sont interprétés comme recommandations du déblocage des taux d'intérêt et de la réduction d'inflation pour stimuler la croissance dans les PVD.

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Resumen Limites superiores para tasas de interés, inflación y crecimiento en pafses en desarrollo. — Refiriéndose a la amplia prevalencia de tasas de interés real muy bajas (frecuente negativas) en la mayoría de los países en desarrollo, este articulo investiga empíricamente la racionalidad de seguir politicas de liberalizaci 'on financiera. Primero, se puedo mostrar que el nivel de desarrollo financiero es una determinante significativa de la tasa de formación de capital y que para países con tasas de inflación bajas y estables las restricciones del sector financiero doméstico son menos efectivas que para aquéllos donde dominan tasas de inflación altas y muy inestables. Segundo, en un análisis de corte transversal de países se proporciona apoyo empírico a la ?hipótesis complementaria? de McKinnon, indentificando una relación positiva entre la tasa de interés real y la inversión privada. Ambos resultados se interpretan como recomendaciones para liberar las tasas de interés y reducir la inflación para estimular el crecimiento en países en desarrollo.

     

Neue Konzepte für das Controlling der Zukunft

Die Rahmenbedingungen des Controlling haben sich tiefgreifend gewandelt, ohne dass dies vom traditionellen Controlling ausreichend nachvollzogen worden w?re.     

Bauteilbezogene Kostenanalysen für Preisverhandlungen in der Automobilindustrie

Automobilhersteller fordern für Preisverhandlungen von Zulieferern die Vorlage von Kostenanalysen für deren Teileumf?nge. Die Kostenanalyse ist eine Aufschlüsselung des Teilepreises in Kostenarten nach vorgegebenem Kalkulationsschema.     

Gaslieferungen aus Russland können kurzfristig nicht kompensiert werden

Wirtschaftsdienst - As Russia’s invasion of Ukraine continues, more and more people are calling for a ban on Russian energy imports. The proponents argue that abstaining from importing...     

Disentangling country-of-origin effects: the interplay of product ethnicity,national identity,and consumer ethnocentrism

The country-of-origin (COO) of products has been shown to affect consumer choice, especially in situations where the origin has a stereotypical association with particular products and depending on certain consumer traits (e.g., national identity, consumer ethnocentrism). However, little is known about how these phenomena are related. Two controlled experiments conducted in two different countries and product categories reveal that product ethnicity moderates the impact of national identity but not of consumer ethnocentrism. National identity is found to influence consumer preference only if the foreign product ethnicity is higher but not lower than that of comparable domestic products. Furthermore, while consumers with a low national identity are positively affected by a high product ethnicity of foreign products, this effect vanishes with increasing levels of national identity. This research has implications for academics and practitioners alike, as it examines important boundary conditions of country-of-origin effects that have been undiscovered so far.     

Trust and economic relationships in selected European agrifood chains

The role of trust in eight selected agrifood chains in four EU countries is explored. The empirical analysis is based on a qualitative assessment of 28 expert interviews conducted in summer/autumn 2005. In particular, the connection between perceived trust levels and the prevailing type of vertical economic relationships are explored from the perspectives of farmers, processors and retailers. The findings suggest that trust is more pronounced among SMEs, which are characterized by the existence of personal relationships between business partners. However, as is clear for pork breeders, if a source of distrust exists, trust may not fully develop. Also, if the general economic situation is difficult, the development of trust may be hampered, because all chain participants are struggling to command a share of a diminishing margin within the chain. Finally, if economic power is distributed unevenly, as is the case in Germany, Ireland, Spain and the UK where retailers dominate most chains, trust of the more powerful may be limited.