规范经营发展之本

葛洲坝股份有限公司股票于1997年5月在上海证券交易所上市,是中国水电建设第一家上市公司.1998年7月,葛洲坝(600068)作为公用事业类样板股入选上海证券交易所"30指数".     

我国政府会计模式构建过程中主体界定问题初探

我国政府会计体系改革的起步相对较晚,有些方面滞后于财政预算管理体制的改革,而且与国际惯例之间也存在着一定的差距,因此适应我国经济体制和财政体制改革的需要。特别是适应我国加入WTO的新形势,积极推进政府会计体系的改革,将是我国下一步会计改革的重要内容。在这个过程中,我们认为首先应当思考这样一个问题,即未来政府会计体系的界限应当在哪里划定?或者说,究竟什么样的经济主体属于“政府”,应当纳入到未来的政府会计体系中?本文在借鉴GASB成功经验的基础上从“组织性质”和“资金来源与用途”两个角度提出了“双主体”模式的初步设想。     

论政府间税收竞争关系的税法调整

政府间税收竞争的产生,既有财政分权的原因,也有政府绩效的理由。税收竞争若能依循秩序要求,将有益于资源配置的优化和公共服务质量的提高。经济转型国家的税收竞争更易进退失据、逾越正当界限。为保证税收竞争发挥积极作用,防止税收不当竞争引起的混乱,必须构建调整税收竞争关系的法律体系。     

审计计划中的审计成本核算和绩效目标探究

审计过程在某种意义上就是审计风险的控制过程。而对审计风险的控制必然要付出一定的代价,这个代价就是审计过程中耗费的成本,即审计风险控制成本或者审计成本。降低审计风险必然会加大审计成本,直接减少审计净收益;减少审计成本必然会提高审计风险,加大审计风险损失,间接减少审计净收益。就一个组织(政府或者企业)而言,审计计划必须充分考虑成本——效益原则,当然政府审计和民间审计的成本——效益原则内涵不同。与民间审计相比,政府审计的成本-效益度量更加复杂,综合考虑的因素更多。此外,审计计划中还存在一个不容忽视的前提条件,即审计…     

独立审计与公司治理结构的关系

独立审计服务的与众不同之处在于,作为审计服务购买方的被审计单位对审计服务的需求不是内生性的,而是来自于外界(例如,证券交易监督委员会、债权银行或外部股东)的法定义务,被审计单位本身不存在对审计服务的需求。审计服务的真正需求者是被审计单位的外部利益关系人,例如:投资者、债权人、税务机关、政府采购机关、学者等等。审计服务是衡量被审计单位的财务报表在多大程度上公允地、一致地披露了被审计单位的财务状况、经营成果与财务变动情况,审计服务通过诸如审计抽样等技术方法来检查被审计单位的财务报告与公认会计准则的符合程度来…     

英国房地产税制简介

房地产税是英国最主要的税种之一,包括住宅税和营业税。营业税自1990年起划为中央税种,税款上缴中央财政专户,作为支付转移资金,最终专项返还地方财政。     

Managing and financing metropolitan public services in China: experience of the Pearl River Delta region

Under China’s current fiscal policies and inter-governmental relations, it is a significant challenge to finance and deliver public services across jurisdictions. This challenge was met in the Pearl River Delta region in southern China with a collaborative governance approach. Directives from higher-level governments and horizontal inter-city fiscal arrangements were successfully combined to deliver public services. Effective networks should be developed to improve co-ordination and collaboration in delivering cross-jurisdictional public services.     

外资风险投资在中国内地投资影响因素研究

借用国际生产折衷理论,并结合不确定性理论研究影响外资风险投资决策的因素,结果发现:当中国内地与投资国(地区)的创业水平越高、文化差异越小时,外资风险投资的投资可能性越高;创业水平越高,投资规模和数量越大;文化差异越大,外资风险投资的数量越多.本文建议进一步改善中国内地创业环境,以更多地吸引外资风险投资,提高企业创新动力,推进优质企业国际化.     

Independent director cash compensation and earnings management

This study examines the impact of independent directors’ cash compensation on firms’ financial reporting quality using a sample of Chinese listed companies from 2002 to 2008. Unlike in the U.S. where most listed firms provide stock-related compensations to outside directors, Chinese listed companies compensate independent directors with cash only. This context offers a cleaner setting for examining the effects of independent director cash pay on earnings management. Our study documents a positive association between independent director cash compensation and the magnitude of earnings management. This suggests that compensating independent directors with higher cash pay compromises their independence and reduces their effectiveness in financial reporting oversight. Our results are robust to an array of sensitivity checks. These findings have important implications for both investors and policy makers by showing that independent directors’ cash compensation is also a significant determinant of financial reporting quality.     

Celso Furtado: Culture and Creativity Matter

This article deals with the relationship between development, creativity, and culture. It is based on the works of Celso Furtado — a Brazilian economist, a member of ECLAC’s first generation of scholars (along with Raul Prebisch), and a notable intellectual of sub-development and development in Brazil and Latin America. For Furtado, economic development is an endogenous social process that leads to human ingenuity and creativity. However, Furtado argued that creativity does not occur haphazardly. It is conditioned by cultural structures that can take two forms: material (means) or immaterial (ends). The former steers creativity toward serving material accumulation and consumption, while the latter guides it toward individuals’ existential way of life. Furtado’s central claim is that, in the “industrial civilization,” such values as rationality and efficiency bring human creativity into the production process.