利用债券市场工具解决小微企业融资困境的研究

小微企业作为我国市场经济的微观基础,长期以来一直面临着渠道受限、成本高等一系列融资困境。文章从小微企业自身发展与外部融资方式等多个角度入手,归纳总结了造成小微企业融资困境的主要原因,提出利用债券市场工具解决小微企业融资困境的可行性;结合对目前几种专门针对小微企业融资的债券市场工具的比较分析,提出信用增信、风险缓释措施和融资结构设计等三个方面是解决小微企业融资困境的核心关键。     

Security design,market risk and round quotes in the treasury bond market

Prior literature finds that the tendency of price-endings to cluster on rounder fractions increases with price volatility. We estimate the separate influences and relative importance of the determinants of price volatility, security design and market risks. Our data is from a market setting that is ideal for isolating and studying the relations of interest. Results for both quote and trade prices indicate that the tendency to use round price-endings increases with both a security’s inherent risk, attributable to security design, and variation over time in market risks. Security design influences clustering more than market risks, but market risks are influential in determining clustering once security design is fixed. The estimated effects are strongest in the on-the-run market segment where liquidity facilitates the aggregation of information into price.     

Bond risk premia and realized jump risk

We find that augmenting a regression of excess bond returns on the term structure of forward rates with an estimate of the mean realized jump size almost doubles the R² of the forecasting regression. The return predictability from augmenting with the jump mean easily dominates that offered by augmenting with options-implied volatility and realized volatility from high-frequency data. In out-of-sample forecasting exercises, inclusion of the jump mean can reduce the root mean square prediction error by up to 40%. The incremental return predictability captured by the realized jump mean largely accounts for the countercyclical movements in bond risk premia. This result is consistent with the setting of an incomplete market in which the conditional distribution of excess bond returns is affected by a jump risk factor that does not lie in the span of the term structure of yields.     

中国债券市场发展存在的问题与改进建议

本文从银行融资和证券融资这两种配置资源的角度出发,通过比较研究美、英、日等国家融资方式在经济发展不同阶段的特点、原因,指出各国融资方式运用的特定条件和世界上目前的发展趋势,最后,针对中国目前债券市场发展存在的问题进行分析,提出发展中国债券市场的相应对策。     

国际债券二级市场监管框架比较研究

在债券二级市场中,政府监管和行业自律监管缺一不可,却又扮演着不同的角色。文章从政府监管和行业自律监管两个角度,对美、英、日、印等国家债券二级市场的监管框架进行了总结分析,为国内债券市场的监管提供了借鉴。     

地方债发行能否推动实体企业高质量发展？——基于中国A股和新三板制造业上市公司数据的实证研究

对中国2015—2021年制造业上市公司财务报表和地方债数据的关系研究表明：地方债水平的提高能显著提升中国制造业企业全要素生产率。机制分析发现,地方债发行通过缓解融资约束、刺激企业加大研发投入,促进了制造业企业全要素生产率提升,但也减缓了高素质人才的积累。异质性分析发现,专项债比一般债更能显著提升制造业企业全要素生产率,并且地方债发行对提高大中型企业、国有企业、非劳动密集型企业、经济发达地区、低债务水平地区企业的全要素生产率的作用更加显著,进一步研究发现,地方债发行规模与企业高质量发展存在倒U型关系,地方债水平超过0.0773极值后,地方债发行会不利于企业全要素生产率提高,抑制企业高质量发展。研究结论对坚持通过地方债发行促进经济发展和企业高质量发展的政策具有重要现实意义。     

契约条款影响债券价格吗？——基于中国公司债市场的经验研究

本文着眼于债券契约条款具有保护债权人权利的本质属性,将公司债券的总价差分解为信用价差和非信用价差,通过手工整理数据,应用组合排序法及Fama-Macbeth方法,研究了债券契约条款对债券定价影响的途径和程度。结论表明:债券契约条款由于能够保护债权人的未来权益,减少债权人承担的风险,从而能够有效降低债券的信用价差和非信用价差,并且债券契约条款对信用价差的影响程度更大;通过信用价差和非信用价差两种影响效应的叠加,债券契约条款同样能够显著降低债券到期收益率的总价差。     

On Indexed Bonds and Aggregate Demand Elasticity

Bonds indexed to the price level or inflation have become popular and more common in the industrialized world. This paper examines the impact of indexed bonds on the price level elasticity of aggregate demand. With a model of aggregate demand based on the standard IS-LM framework and expanded to differentiate between bonds which are indexed to the price level and bonds which are not so indexed, we find that the existence of indexed bonds decreases the elasticity of aggregate demand with respect to the general price level.

劳动投资效率、企业性质与资产收益率

基于中国信用债券市场的近期违约事件,本文研究发现:涉事评级机构不仅没有因为涉及债券违约事件而收紧信用评级标准,反而更加高估企业的信用评级水平,并且涉及的债券违约事件越多,高估信用评级的程度越大。但投资者通过“用脚投票”方式惩罚了涉事评级机构,导致其市场份额相对于非涉事评级机构出现显著下降或者增长较低的态势,同时涉事评级机构的信用评级意见对于降低企业融资成本的作用显著降低。     

人民币离岸债券信用风险实证评估研究

近年来,人民币离岸债券市场发展迅速,其已成为发展最为成熟的人民币离岸子市场。目前,信用风险是人民币离岸债券面临的主要风险。本文以香港人民币离岸债券市场为例,运用KMV模型对人民币离岸债券信用风险进行了实证评估,观察和比较了不同主体发行的债券信用风险,分析了现阶段人民币离岸债券信用风险程度。