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41.
Satoru Kasahara Sergey Paltsev John Reilly Henry Jacoby A. Denny Ellerman 《Environmental and Resource Economics》2007,37(2):377-410
In 2003 Japan proposed a Climate Change Tax to reduce its CO2 emissions to the level required by the Kyoto Protocol. If implemented, the tax would be levied on fossil fuel use and the
revenue distributed to encourage the purchase of energy efficient equipment. Analysis using the MIT Emissions Prediction and
Policy Analysis (EPPA) model shows that this policy is unlikely to bring Japan into compliance with its Kyoto target unless
the subsidy encourages improvement in energy intensity well beyond Japan’s recent historical experience. Similar demand-management
programs in the US, where there has been extensive experience, have not been nearly as effective as they would need to be
to achieve energy efficiency goals of the proposal. The Tax proposal also calls for limits on international emission trading.
We find that this limit substantially affects costs of compliance. The welfare loss with full emissions trading is 1/6 that
when Japan meets its target though domestic actions only, the carbon price is lower, and there is a smaller loss of energy-intensive
exports. Japan can achieve substantial savings from emissions trading even under cases where, for example, the full amount
of the Russian allowance is not available in international markets. 相似文献
42.
在"创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享"五大发展理念中,绿色协调发展成为关系中国可持续发展全局的重要理念,而绿色能源高质量发展是绿色高质量发展中的一个重要有机组成部分。本文构建了涉及绿色能源投资、生产、消费和减排4个系统的9个细化指标,利用熵权TOPSIS法实证测度2017年中国绿色能源高质量发展水平,并深入分析各区域之间的差异。通过研究发现:中国30个省区绿色能源高质量发展的水平在4个子系统和综合水平方面的表现均存在差异,综合水平总体呈现"东中部高且比较接近,而西部中等偏低"的区域分布格局;然后依照绿色能源高质量发展综合水平的高低,把30个省区划分为领先型、中等型和落后型3种类型。进而深入把握中国绿色能源高质量发展水平的区域分布规律,为统筹推进各省区协同提升中国绿色能源高质量发展水平提供较为可靠的依据。 相似文献
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根据油田能源计量和监督管理的实际,在采油厂范围内全面实施了以建章立制网络化管理为主线的能耗质量监督与管理。主要实施了随机监督和定期监督,以及与之配套的奖罚制度相结合的管理办法,以提高监督水平为目的的技术业务培训和加强现场能耗质量监督运行过程监督,完善配备能耗监测仪器等项措施。 相似文献
48.
在北方,冬季施工一直是建筑业最为头疼的问题。某厂房装配车间大型设备基础需要冬季施工.其平面尺寸为44mx44m.最深处为-11.10m.最浅处为-2.73m。鉴于工期的要求及地基的越冬维护.选用了塑料暖棚法进行冬季施工。大棚内设简易采暖(利用厂房的暖风机设备)。白天利用太阳能提高棚内温度.夜间视气温情况间歇供暖。以保持坑底的温度在0℃以上。实践证明.太阳能暖棚法冬季施工效果很好.从大棚的物质用量及使用效果上看.非常适用于北方大中型地下工程的冬季施工。 相似文献
49.
Zeus Guevara Edmundo Molina-Pérez Edith X. M. García Vanessa Pérez-Cirera 《Economic Systems Research》2019,31(2):178-205
The North-America Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) has brought together the economies of Canada, Mexico, and the US into forming one of the largest trading blocs worldwide (within the top CO2 emitters). However, the current global protectionist discourse threatens the agreement. This paper analyzes the energy and energy-related CO2 emission relationships between NAFTA countries in 2014 to gain insights into the climate change implications of current integration and the possible cancelation of the agreement. The analysis is performed with a multi-regional version of the multi-factor energy input–output model. The results show that NAFTA has not built a single integrated energy system, though it has helped reduce energy-related CO2 emissions. Moreover, if NAFTA is not revoked, further integration would depend on the capacity of the Mexican energy sector to converge to the performance of its trade partners’ energy sectors. Conversely, a broken deal would induce negative environmental externalities. 相似文献
50.
《Futures》2015
The Scenario Analysis methods have often been used by policy makers as an instrument to manage uncertainty and to support the shaping of long-term economy policies. In this research, we apply Scenario Analysis in order to identify the barriers affecting the decision to invest in the Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) sector in Morocco. Our results aim at facilitating the process of defining different paths in strategic political and policy actions. Using data from a survey on a panel of experts, the Cross Impact Analysis (CIA) and the Cross Impact Matrix System (SMIC) techniques are applied. The advantage of these techniques is that they allow including in the analysis the interlinkages between the events that will define the future scenarios. However, their limitation is that the number of events analyzed cannot be too high since the information collected from the experts increases exponentially according to the number of events introduced. We thus expand our analysis with a new methodological approach, combining the use of prospective and statistics techniques. This approach allows addressing the mentioned limitation and applying these techniques, initially restricted to 6 events in its common application, to a large number of events. The results show that uncertainty and informality would be key factors in promoting the arrival of companies in this sector. Additionally, regarding companies that already have a presence in Morocco’s renewable energy sector, an increase in activity would be achieved through improvements in the easing of financial and legal barriers. 相似文献