滨海新区中小企业信用担保机制建设的探讨

滨海新区的建立带来了大量中小企业的发展,但是没有解决中小企业融资难的问题。而信用担保机制是解决这个问题的方法之一,本文通过分析滨海新区中小企业信用担保机制的发展现状,借鉴国外信用担保体系的发展经验,提出通过健全中小企业信用担保体系来缓解中小企业融资难问题。     

U.S. Real Interest Rates and Default Risk in Emerging Economies

This paper empirically investigates the impact of changes in U.S. real interest rates on sovereign default risk in emerging economies using the method of identification through heteroskedasticity. Policy‐induced increases in U.S. interest rates starkly raise default risk in emerging market economies. However, the overall correlation between U.S. real interest rates and the risk of default is negative, demonstrating that the effects of other variables dominate the anterior relationship.     

我国资信评估业发展滞后的供求机理探讨

资信评估业的发展是社会主义市场经济健康发展的内在要求。本文从资信评估业发展的理论基础入手,对我国资信评估业的发展前景、发展滞后的供求机理进行了深入剖析。针对这些滞后原因,从市场需求与供给角度提出了相应的发展对策。     

Accounting and control in Barclays Bank (DCO): the lending to Africans episode

This paper analyses the accounting, control and operational consequences of a pre-independence experiment by Barclays Bank (DCO) in the British Nigerian colony to liberalize its credit policy towards Africans. This was partly an attempt to develop African business, an area previously neglected by foreign banks. The new policy also appeased Africans who believed that the colonial banks discriminated against them. This experiment resulted in 'alarming' bad debts and led to a reappraisal of the bank's accounting, control and operational procedures. The paper highlights the limitations of internal controls in an era of change.     

Optimal tax and debt policy with endogenously imperfect creditworthiness

This paper studies the patterns of optimal tax rates and borrowing in a developing country characterized by a costly tax collection. Its access to the international credit market is determined by the efficiency of the tax system, the relative bargaining power of creditors, and the outstanding debt. Country risk modifies considerably the pattern of taxes and borrowing in recessions. The tax rate exhibits strong counter-cyclical patterns in economies operating close to the credit ceiling, whereas the tax rate exhibits very few cyclical patterns in economies operating on the elastic portion of the supply of credit, where country risk factors are absent.     

信贷紧缩和流动性供给的悖论——全球金融危机之后中国银行业的考察(下)

我国在金融危机之后出现过信贷膨胀,经济过热之后又出现信贷紧缩。信贷紧缩会导致信贷增长下降,社会再生产的资金需求得不到满足。信贷紧缩有管理性成因,也有制度性成因。同时,为了确保经济增长的一定增速,我国的货币政策又要保持一定的流动性。这样,我国就出现了信贷紧缩和流动性供给之间的矛盾。本文讨论了全球金融危机之后,我国出现信贷紧缩的宏观经济运行背景,以及在此背景下货币政策失灵的内在逻辑。     

一个基于简单线性模型的信贷政策有效性及影响因素分析

在当前间接融资为主的融资格局下,信贷政策是我国宏观调控的重要组成部分。信贷政策的有效性就成为当前经济发展中刻不容缓急需研究的热点问题。本文基于一个简单的货币信贷的供求模型对信贷政策有效性进行研究,以期对疏通宏观调控政策传导渠道、发展和完善信贷市场、提高宏观调控效果发挥一些积极的促进作用。     

Industry equilibrium with random exit or default

An industry consisting of a large number of small price taking firms subject to idiosyncratic productivity shocks is considered. At the moment of entry, a firm takes on debt. We show that in a competitive equilibrium, some firms exit and pay out their debt while others choose to default. The outcome depends on the realization of firm‐specific shocks. The paper demonstrates that if the firms self‐select between exit with debt repayment and default, then the default region is disconnected from the exit region. The methodological contribution of the paper is the analytical characterization of the long‐run equilibrium for two scenarios of the initial distribution of productivity shocks. We consider two public policy mechanisms—contract enforcement and creditor protection. Our policy recommendation is that regulators need to reduce the contract enforcement if they want to decrease the long‐run default rate.     

Network structures and credit risk in cross-shareholdings among listed Japanese companies

This study assesses the network structures of cross-shareholdings among listed Japanese companies using a dataset of 2936 companies for the fiscal years 2008–2015. First, I analyze the network structure of cross-shareholdings on the Japanese stock market using centrality measures. Financial institutions and companies in the motor manufacturing industry are central in the network in terms of degree centrality. By contrast, companies in various industries play a central role in terms of betweenness centrality. Second, I use credit risk analysis to investigate the effects of cross-shareholdings using a panel regression. The results show that an increase in the share of foreign companies does not increase the counterparty credit risk in the network. In addition, an increase of a direct centrality measure (i.e., degree or eigenvector centrality) indicates that the connections among cross-shareholdings become denser in a neighboring area and increase credit contagion risk. By contrast, an increase of an indirect centrality measure (i.e., eccentricity or farness centrality) shows that the connections among cross-shareholdings become dispersed at the global level and decrease credit contagion risk. The results could provide senior managers with an important signal for credit risk management related to cross-shareholdings.     

The role of internal corporate governance mechanisms on default risk: A systematic review for different institutional settings

Recent financial downturns, characterized by the significant failures of firms, have revealed the need to control credit risk. Latest literature has shown that weak corporate governance structures are related to high levels of default risk, leading to financial instability. In this context, we aim to summarize the literature that focuses on the role that internal corporate governance plays in the credit risk of firms, specifically considering three corporate governance components: ownership structure, board structure and financial stakeholders’ rights and relations. Additionally, we analyse whether the effectiveness of the internal mechanisms depends on particular key factors, especially the institutional setting and the type of mechanisms considered. Finally, new lines of research are identified for future research.