Foreign Direct Investment in the Enlarged EU: Do Taxes Matter and to What Extent?

Foreign direct investment is of increasing importance in the European Union. This paper estimates the effect of taxes on foreign direct investment (FDI) flows and on three sub-components of these flows for the countries of the enlarged European Union. The model in the spirit of gravity equations robustly explains FDI flows between the 25 member states. Sample selection needs to be addressed in the estimation. We show that the different subcomponents of FDI should and indeed do react differently to taxes. After controlling for unobserved country characteristics and common time effects, the top statutory corporate tax rate of both, source and host country, turn insignificant for total FDI and investment into equity. However, high source country taxes clearly increase the probability of firms to re-invest profits abroad and lower the percentage of debt financed FDI. This might reflect profit re-allocation to avoid taxes. Market size factors have the expected signs.

基于波特“钻石模型”扩展的产业集群竞争优势研究——以广东专业镇为例

本文以广东专业镇为背景,通过对波特“钻石模型”进行扩展,以描绘出产业集群的竞争优势架构。     

外资银行进入对我国银行业竞争格局的影响

本文以波特的"五力"模型为分析工具,力图分析外资银行进入对我国银行业竞争格局的影响,认为国内银行业在中国加入WTO之后面临着外资银行进入的竞争挑战。因此,国内银行业要实施创新,提高创新能力,从而提高竞争力。     

基于消费者价值观的市场细分实证研究

我国消费者的价值观念和消费行为越来越复杂,影响消费者决策的决定因素是其深层的生活形态、价值观等,根据生活方式和价值观将消费者进行细分,无疑具有重要意义。文章主要以前期调查数据为基础,通过因子分析、聚类分析、广义对应分析等统计分析方法,将消费者分为自信进取型、时尚享乐型和传统保守型三个细分市场,并对每一个细分市场从消费者所在城市及其文化程度两个方面作了分析。     

基于GEM模型的辽宁镁质材料产业集群竞争力研究

运用一种研究产业集群竞争力的量化分析工具——GEM模型,构建辽宁镁质材料产业集群竞争力评价表,对该集群的供给要素、需求要素、结构要素等方面进行了竞争力的综合分析。表明:辽宁镁质材料产业集群在全国范围内已经有一定的竞争力,其资源、供应商与本地辅助行业、内部市场、外部市场等指标得分均超过全国平均水平,在设施、企业结构、战略和竞争方面得分都低于全国平均水平,后者已成为制约其进一步发展的瓶颈因素,并从"基础","企业","市场"方面给出了提升辽宁镁质材料产业集群竞争力对策建议。     

基于供需平衡的社会型长期护理保险缴费水平研究——以 长 沙 市 为 例

在界定老年人失能状态的基础上,将多状态马尔可夫模型与ILO筹资模型相结合,构建了一个供需平衡下的社会型长期护理保险缴费模型。同时,对50岁及以上各年龄段人群的健康状态转移概率矩阵进行估计,结合人口数据估算和预测未来处于不同失能状态的人口数量;并对长沙市未来缴费人口和社会平均工资水平进行预测,估算了未来长沙市社会型长期护理保险缴费水平。     

后危机时代外部冲击对我国工业品价格指数的动态传导及结构特征分析

基于SVAR模型,考量次贷危机前后外部冲击对工业品价格指数的动态影响及结构性传导。结果表明：国际金融危机爆发以来,外部冲击对我国工业品价格指数的影响呈现增强趋势,并且国际大宗商品价格冲击是最重要因素;在结构特征上,外部冲击效应具有不完全性,对生产资料PPI的影响较大,对生活资料PPI的影响较小,显示外部冲击效应的传导具有不完全性,黏滞在生产流通领域不能顺利传导至消费领域。     

Machine learning for pricing American options in high-dimensional Markovian and non-Markovian models

In this paper we propose two efficient techniques which allow one to compute the price of American basket options. In particular, we consider a basket of assets that follow a multi-dimensional Black–Scholes dynamics. The proposed techniques, called GPR Tree (GRP-Tree) and GPR Exact Integration (GPR-EI), are both based on Machine Learning, exploited together with binomial trees or with a closed form formula for integration. Moreover, these two methods solve the backward dynamic programing problem considering a Bermudan approximation of the American option. On the exercise dates, the value of the option is first computed as the maximum between the exercise value and the continuation value and then approximated by means of Gaussian Process Regression. The two methods mainly differ in the approach used to compute the continuation value: a single step of the binomial tree or integration according to the probability density of the process. Numerical results show that these two methods are accurate and reliable in handling American options on very large baskets of assets. Moreover we also consider the rough Bergomi model, which provides stochastic volatility with memory. Despite that this model is only bidimensional, the whole history of the process impacts on the price, and how to handle all this information is not obvious at all. To this aim, we present how to adapt the GPR-Tree and GPR-EI methods and we focus on pricing American options in this non-Markovian framework.     

网络嵌入、绿色动态能力与企业绿色创新——环境规制和管理者环境注意力的调节作用

基于动态能力理论、社会网络理论和制度理论等,探讨网络嵌入对企业绿色创新的影响,并进一步考察绿色动态能力在其中的中介作用以及环境规制、管理者环境注意力的调节作用。运用多元回归和Bootstrap方法进行实证检验,结果显示：结构嵌入和关系嵌入对企业绿色创新均具有显著影响;绿色动态能力在结构嵌入、关系嵌入与绿色创新之间起中介作用;环境规制、管理者环境注意力均正向调节绿色动态能力与绿色创新间关系。     

中国对拉美国家出口贸易影响因素实证分析——基于总量与技术结构视角

本文首先通过计算中国对拉美七国四类制成品出口密集度等,分析中国对拉美地区制成品出口结构;通过考察中国和拉美七国生产要素结构变化情况对中拉要素禀赋差异作深入分析,以期探究中国对拉美制成品出口结构背后深层次原因。然后构建扩展引力模型分别从总量视角和技术结构视角探析中国对拉美货物出口主要影响因素,结果显示拉美国家国内生产总值、中拉要素禀赋差异、中国货币自由度、中国对拉美直接投资水平对中国向拉美出口总量均产生显著促进作用,各影响因素对不同技术类别制成品出口的作用效果存在差异性。为实现中国对拉美出口贸易结构优化升级,推动中国产业结构调整升级,促进拉美地区经济更快发展,研究有针对性地提出了对策建议。