环境保护的国际合作：以SARS为例

SARS危机反映了当前环境问题日渐国际化的趋势,其根源是资源紧缺和经济全球化之间的矛盾。面对这一问题,各国应通力合作、寻求对策,实现环境保护的国际合作。但环境责任在各国间的分配问题阻碍了国际环境合作的进展。本文指出,基于环境和国力的全球合作机制可合理分配各国的代际责任和代内责任,有利于促进环境保护的国际合作,是一种可行的环境保护国际合作模式。要实现这一目标,首先要各国在代际和代内责任的问题上达成共识,二是要增加国际机构、国际公约对合作各方的约束力。     

基于Miller-Orr模型的省级政府现金管理实证研究

现代国库制度的两项重要功能是,确保对预算执行过程的有效监控和对政府现金资源的妥善管理,而高效的现金管理系统对监控预算执行起着重要的支持性作用.在政府现金管理已逐渐为政府和理论界所关注的背景下,本文从政府现金管理的基本理论、本质及意义入手,以实际调研数据为基础,通过将西部某省2003-2005年的实际数据运用到修正的Miller-Orr模型中,较准确的测算出了2006年该省国库现金月余额的控制范围,为建立省级政府现金管理模式提供了有益的参考.     

评价指标体系在经济责任审计中的应用

将评价指标体系应用于经济责任审计可避免审计的随意性和不同审计人员审计的不一致性,本文以高等院校为主体从合法合规性、效益性、目标性等方面设计了经济责任评价指标体系。     

Can corporate social responsibility resolve the sanitation question in developing Asian countries?

The existing state of sanitation in developing Asian countries fails to deliver a level of service that is adequate for meeting the human right to a standard of living consistent with dignity and health, or for sustaining the capacity for future generations to have access to clean water resources and healthy ecosystems. We argue that translating the current neo-centralised technologies and institutional arrangements mainstreamed by industrialised countries would not resolve the problem in the context of developing countries. Instead it is necessary to ‘leap frog’ to the emerging technological and institutional arrangements that are responsive to current needs and contexts and to potential risks. The sustainability focus and often decentralised technologies of this emergent stage in sanitation present many opportunities for new actors to enter the urban sanitation industry. At the same time, there are many barriers to entry, particularly from the perspective of conventional business management focused on increasing shareholder value.We propose that perspectives from the corporate social responsibility discourse have the potential to provide both the ‘pull’ for seizing the business opportunity for profit while serving social needs, and the ‘push’ to overcome the barriers in order to serve a wider social purpose for corporations. The wealth of nations, at least as reported in ubiquitous GDP terms, has greatly increased through the activities of corporations driven by a profit motive; but the increased poverty, injustice and ecosystem degradation that have resulted from economic activity suggest that corporations perhaps ought to have regard for broader concerns beyond shareholder value. We explore how the alternative relational view of a corporation, as a metaphorical person within society who adopts a moral code consistent with both Buddhist economics and Adam Smith's philosophy, may facilitate profitable corporations that provide better economic, ecological and social outcomes in serving the need for sustainable sanitation services in developing Asian countries.     

Government as a discriminating monopolist in the financial market: the case of China

We show that the many unusual features of China’s financial markets are consistent with a government choosing regulations to maximize a standard type of social welfare function. Under certain conditions, these regulations are equivalent to imposing explicit taxes on business and interest income, yet should be much easier to enforce. The observed implicit tax rates are broadly in line with those observed in other countries. The theory also forecasts, however, that China will face increasing incentives over time to shift to explicit taxes.     

关于制订《经济责任审计条例》的思考

本文通过对新修订的《中华人民共和国审计法》和现有的省级《审计监督条例》中关于经济责任审计规定的比较分析，结合中国审计现实情况，提出国务院制定《经济责任审计条例》应明确的一些问题，并提出现阶段应采取的措施。     

强化公司社会责任

公司社会责任是经济全球化公司发展的主潮流。本文通过对跨国公司以及国内公司的社会责任现状进行分析,并从公司自身建设与加强政府职责两方面提出对策来强化公司的社会责任。     

论废弃产品问题与生产者责任延伸制度的回应

产品在消费后阶段所凸显的环境污染与资源浪费问题,即废弃产品问题,源于产品的资源性和潜在污染性,自然处置方式的不能和焚烧、填埋处置方式的不当。生产者责任延伸制度概念的提出为废弃产品问题的解决找到了合理的责任承担主体,减轻了政府在此方面的责任,为通过立法建立具体的生产者责任延伸制度提供了雏形。建立生产者责任延伸制度,施行回收处置方式是破解废弃产品问题的制度回应。     

试论新公司法与公司的社会责任

公司必须承担社会责任是我国新公司法的要求,在实践中如何理解这一责任,甚为重要,直接关系到公司的发展和新公司法的实施.立足于现阶段的社会实践,公司社会责任的基本内涵是要求公司在其经营活动中不得有损于社会和谐及社会发展并因此而承担相应的社会义务,这一义务以保障劳工权益、保护环境、珍惜资源为核心.这种对公司社会责任的理解极具现实意义.同时,探讨如何将新公司法这一倡导性规范的要求合理地付诸实践也是我们不可回避的问题.     

知识产权侵权归责原则探析——谈无过错责任原则的不适用

知识产权侵权损害赔偿采用何种归责原则,事关知识产权权利人的权益及普遍公众的公共利益.无过错责任原则在知识产权侵权损害赔偿领域的适用打破了知识产权权利人和公共利益的平衡,影响了知识产权制度平衡机制的正常运转,歪曲了知识产权激励机制的本意,束缚了一般民事主体创造知识产品的热情.无过错责任原则在知识产权领域的适用有其天然的弊端和不足,而TRIPS协议第45条也并未将该原则作为一般原则来对待,即便按照民法学方法分析,知识产权侵权损害赔偿也不应适用无过错责任原则.