Choice of Distribution System in the New Zealand Life Insurance Industry

Using 1988–93 panel data drawn from the New Zealand life insurance industry, this paper examines empirically the notion that the choice of distribution system is an efficient contracting solution to incentive conflicts between owners, managers and sales agents in life insurance firms. Consistent with what was hypothesised, the empirical results suggest that choice of distribution system is distinguished by organisational form, firm size, and sales commission. However, contrary to expectations, the variables representing product diversity and asset specificity were found not to be statistically significant. The empirical results thus lend mixed support for prior predictions.     

Software for Learning and for Doing Statistics

The community of statisticians and statistics educators should take responsibility for the evaluation and improvement of software quality from the perspective of education. The paper will develop a perspective, an ideal system of requirements to critically evaluate existing software and to produce future software more adequate both for learning and doing statistics in introductory courses. Different kinds of tools and microworlds are needed. After discussing general requirements for such programs, a prototypical ideal software system will be presented in detail. It will be illustrated how such a system could be used to construct learning environments and to support elementary data analysis with exploratory working style.     

试论生态林业系统的时空观

生态林业系统具有时间、空间两个序列的开发前景。长周期,大跨度的生态林业生产可以分解为复合的短周期方式,使生态意识与经济效益有机结合。空间组合的多层次立体开发有效地利用了光、热、水、土资源,并获得最大生物量;地域组合着眼宏观,注重研究大型骨干及网络性生态工程问题。     

烯烃装置的绩效分析—一种微观经济的比较研究方法

所罗门管理咨询公司（SAI）是成立于1981年一家美国咨询公司，其经营特色是通过研究企业（客户）绩效确定其获得成功的关键因素，并通过同类企业绩效对比研究的方法，为企业（客户）指明改进绩效跻身先进的途径和措施，创建20年来以其独有的服务特色和经营理念赢得了广大客户，行业覆盖面由初始的炼油，扩大到目前包括石油，化工，造纸，汽车制造，运输，电力，银行等多个领域，成为在某些行业，特别是炼,石化行业颇具声誉的咨询机构，其中企业绩效分析评估更是该公司时间最久，又最具领先地位的核心业务，即以石化行业中的烯烃工厂为例，就已八，九十家作为客户参与其每二年一次的绩效分析活动，我国于1998年开始有一家参与了ASI的第7次全球烯烃绩效分析，参评情况当时就受到了业内领导层重视，以国于1998年开始有一定参与了SAI的第7次全球烯烃绩效分析，参评情况当时就受到了业内领导层重视，以后陆续又有多家企业参加，使这一方法在国内有愈来愈大的影响，希望了解并对此感兴越的人士也逐渐增多，为了实践本刊关注新热点的报道方针，本刊在2000年即着大的影响，希望了解并对此感兴越的人士也逐渐增多，为了实践本直关注新热点的报道方针，本刊在2000年邓着手组织有关这方面的搞件，本文即为其中之一，由于出版安排的原因（其中也有尽先刊载SAI作者来稿的考虑），延至本期才得以达览，而其间，应《 乙烯工业》要求，在该刊2001年第1期上先行发表，则是为了配合中石化集团公司七展烯烃装置绩效比较分析活动的需要，所作出的适应性调整而为之的，请读者谅察，同时本刊热希望并允迎已尼参与此项工作的科技，经济工作者，充分利用本刊这个载体，就绩效分析这个题目，与读者进行更具体，更务实的沟通与交流。所罗门管理咨询公司（SAI）的烯烃装置绩效分析方法是一种将同行各装置进行相对比较，然后确定各装置在其产的相对位置的方法，该方法与国内现行的竞争力分析方法相比更具科学性和可比性，此方法中包含了许多国内企业比较陌生的概念和做法，在此对该方法的特点，作用以及参评装置在提供数据时应注意的问题作了简单介绍，并以国内较早参与此项工作的J装置为例，介绍了该方法进行了情况。     

论生态经济系统稳态

本文论述了生态经济系统非平衡稳定态的概念、特性及其实现的途径。指出生态经济系统稳态,是非平衡的,对外全面开放、激烈竞争、充分利用涨落作用,对内协同、有序、自组织、自适应、自催化、且有非线性作用和支配性、良性运转、进展演替的耗散结构状态。生态经济系统平衡的提法应被生态经济系统稳态的概念所取代。     

收购兼并在上市公司发展战略中的地位和实施策略

本文主要阐述了以下三个方面的问题：（1）公司为何及时从事购并交易；（2）如何使购并活动获得成功；（3）制定中国进行购并行动的战略。     

The Information Content of Nonfinancial Performance Measures in the Airline Industry

This research extends the literature on nonfinancial performance measures (NFPMs) by assessing (1) the information content of a broader set of NFPMs and (2) whether NFPMs provide information not provided by financial performance measures (FPMs) from all previously identified FPM categories, rather than just earnings and book value. Specifically, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis results presented in this paper demonstrate that nineteen NFPMs of major airlines capture seven underlying constructs not captured by eighteen common FPMs. Additionally, this research develops reliable composite measures of the identified performance measure constructs, which prior research argues are superior to individual performance measures.     

公路建设中路线方案多属性决策方法的研究

路线方案的比选是公路建设项目前期的一项重要工作,直接影响着项目建设能否达到预期的目标以及项目投入运营中的使用效果,如行车的安全性、舒适性、快捷性等。进行路线方案比选时,要考虑路线的线形合理性、对周边地区环境影响,项目经济效益、施工难易等多种因素对影响。本文在分析路线方案比选复杂性的基础上,对多种决策方法进行对比,选择TOPSIS法作为路线方案的决策方法。算例的结果表明该方法应用的可行性和有效性。     

Crafting Internal Hybrids: Complementarities,Common Change Initiatives,and the Team-Based Organization

Hybrid governance forms that seek to meld the virtues of both market control and traditional hierarchical control are alluring. Comparatively little research, outside of the M-form literature, has examined internal hybrids - hierarchical forms infused with elements of market control. This paper contends that common change initiatives, such as TQM, re-engineering, autonomous work teams, and group-based rewards, are appropriately viewed as attempts to craft internal hybrids by selectively infusing elements of market control within hierarchy. However, these change initiatives are often implemented in isolation and, as a consequence, violate patterns of complementarity that sustain traditional hierarchy or support the stable infusion of market control.The paper argues that these violations of complementarity often spiral hierarchies toward fundamental transformation. The clear trajectory of these transformations is to quite radically disaggregated organizations structured around teams. The paper presents both theory and evidence supporting the existence of complementarities among these common change initiatives.     

基于引制一体化的定向战斗部起爆控制研究

采用定向战斗部已成为防空导弹增强战斗部杀伤威力的重要发展方向，但是定向战斗部的应用对起爆控制系统提出了新的要求。本文提出一种利用防空导弹无线电引信与导引头一体化设计（简称引制一体化设计），并应用数据融合实现定向战斗部起爆控制的技术途径。