普湾新区土地利用动态监测及预测分析

以大连市普湾新区作为研究区,利用2000,2007,2014年3个时期的遥感影像数据,对研究区14年间的土地利用动态变化过程以及各土地利用类型间的相互转化情况进行分析,获得研究区各年份间土地利用变化的转移矩阵和土地利用类型变换图。然后运用IDRISI的CA-Markov模型对研究区未来土地利用演变趋势进行模拟及预测,得到研究区2021年土地利用类型预测图及统计数据。结果表明:2000-2014年的14年期间研究区的建设用地明显增加,耕地和水体不断减少,林地后期出现减少趋势,未利用土地呈现波动变化的趋势。而且到2021年建设用地和耕地、水体之间的矛盾将更加突出,应合理利用土地资源、保护生态环境,减少对海洋生态的危害。     

基于楼地面混凝土面层的定额换算研究

本文研究重庆地区楼地面工程混凝土面层预算定额的换算方法。证实只要掌握了定额换算的实质,即在原定额基价的基础上考虑人工费、材料费和机械费的调整值,虽然定额换算的方法和途径多种多样,但换算后的定额基价结果是相同的。     

Impacts of land use and amenities on public transport use,urban planning and design

Various land-use configurations are known to have wide-ranging effects on the dynamics of and within other city components including the transportation system. In this work, we particularly focus on the complex relationship between land-use and transport offering an innovative approach to the problem by using land-use features at two differing levels of granularity (the more general land-use sector types and the more granular amenity structures) to evaluate their impact on public transit ridership in both time and space. To quantify the interdependencies, we explored three machine learning models and demonstrate that the decision tree model performs best in terms of overall performance—good predictive accuracy, generality, computational efficiency, and “interpretability”. Results also reveal that amenity-related features are better predictors than the more general ones, which suggests that high-resolution geo-information can provide more insights into the dependence of transit ridership on land-use. We then demonstrate how the developed framework can be applied to urban planning for transit-oriented development by exploring practicable scenarios based on Singapore's urban plan toward 2030, which includes the development of “regional centers” (RCs) across the city-state. Results show an initial increase in transit ridership as the amount of amenities is increased. This trend, on the other hand, eventually reverses (particularly during peak hours) with continued strategic increase in amenities; a tipping point at 55% increase is identified where ridership begins to decline and at 110%, the predicted ridership begins to fall below current levels. Our in-silico experiments support one of the medium-term land-use transport goals of stakeholders—to alleviate future strains in the transportation system of Singapore through the development of RCs. The model put forward can serve as a good foundation in building decision-support tools that can assist planners in better strategizing and planning land-use configurations, in particular the amenity resource distribution, to influence and shape public transportation demand.     

经济欠发达地区债转股运作中应突破的几个问题

本文以债转股工作实务为研究对象，以创新务实为指导思想，将债转股工作做为一项系统工程进行研究。阐述了经济欠发达地区债转股工作遇到的实际问题，并在此基础之上提出相应的建议和设想。     

The case for land reform in the Caribbean

The Special focus section of Food Policy has often included articles describing the process of land reform or calling for land redistribution in specific countries, notably Nigeria and Zimbabwe. This article puts a general case for the redistribution of land, calling on research in Asia, Africa and Latin America. Arguments for land reform in the Caribbean stem from the existence of fragmented plots of land which need to be consolidated to make small farms more efficient; the need to make idle land from the plantation sector available to the farming population; and, the need to increase the involvement of farmers and the rural poor in rural development.     

私有房屋拆迁补偿若干法律问题浅析——兼议国家征收中公共利益的界定

房屋拆迁补偿问题伴随着城市化的进程而产生并激化,房屋拆迁的本质是国家征收,其作为一种消灭房屋所有权的国家行为,因满足公共利益需要而合法化.通过对房屋拆迁和土地征收制度的基本理论进行阐述,着重介绍了国内外的相关规定以及对公共利益进行界定,认为应从立法、行政、司法三个层面对公共利益进行界定.此外,决定是否拆迁要严格区分公益用地和商业用地,并完善实体与程序保障机制.     

从模仿创新到自主创新——我国钢铁产业技术进步路径转换研究

钢铁产业是一国国民经济的重要基础产业.自1996年以来我国钢铁产量一直位居世界首位,但钢铁产业国际竞争力并不强.比较我国和日本、韩国的钢铁产业技术进步路径可以发现,我国产业竞争力落后的原因在于技术进步路径转换过慢.为此,建议我国钢铁产业应从多方面努力,尽快实现技术进步路径从模仿创新到自主创新的转变.     

西部人力资本投资结构及其对生态环境的影响

西部生态环境的各种影响因素中,除了自然因素,人为因素也扮演着重要角色.文章创造性地探讨人力资本投资结构对生态环境的影响.通过对人力资本教育健康的形成形态以及人力资本资源配置与转换能力的价值形态的分析,文章指出在西部,人力资本原始存量及其增量和结构间接影响着日益恶化的生态环境,人力资本教育健康结构特别是人力资本价值阶段的人力资本资源配置和转换结构应引起决策者的高度重视.     

Analysis on mechanism of land resource security

This paper prohes into the relationship among individual benefits, benefits of the country. common benefits of all humans in land use and land resource security. The following balanced land use model is proposed： the harmonious and interactive relationship between man and nature, two main bodies of land ecological system, constitutes the mechanism of land resources security; The feedback relationship between man and nature is the basis for the land resources security and the core is the relationship among people established for the benefit equilibrium in land use. The conflicts in land use stem from the rarity of land resource and the solution to those conflicts in harmony helps land resource security.     

家庭生命周期、土地细碎化与农户农业生产性投入——来自湖北省老河口市的数据

合理引导农户加大农业投入力度,改善农业投入结构是发展现代农业的关键。以中部农业大省湖北省的丘陵地区为例,通过问卷调查收集了老河口市农户农业生产性投入的微观数据,实证分析了农户家庭生命周期和土地细碎化等对农户农业生产性投入的影响,基于此,提出了农户增加农业投入力度的政策建议。