创新社会管理重在构建宪政框架内的法律体系

创新社会管理要树立现代宪政理念,建立选举民主与协商民主相结合的宪政治理平台,构建宪法监督和保障的体制、机制。因此,要科学界定行政和社会组织的权责范围;进一步完善社会管理法律实施的程序机制,增强社会管理的可操作性和实效性;并建立健全社会管理的监督、问责以及纠纷解决机制,完善保障民生、服务社会的法律体系,进而达到善治,实现社会和谐,走向更高、更新、更好层次的宪政。     

THE ROLE OF LAW IN ECONOMIC GROWTH: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract Compared with other explanatory variables, such as capital accumulation, technological innovations, geographical endowments, economic openness, and cultural factors, institutions, especially legal institutions have been regarded as a crucial condition for economic growth in recent years. The importance of legal rules is systematically revealed by a series of cross‐country econometric studies conducted by La Porta et al., who claim that legal origins are central to understanding the divergence in living standards across the regions and countries of the world and, compared with civil law countries, especially those countries with French civil law tradition, common law countries have enjoyed superior economic outcomes. The controversies set off by La Porta et al.'s proposition indicate that there are a number of questions that are difficult to explain by La Porta et al.'s theory, and hence call for more work on comparative analysis of different legal families before a consensus can be reached.     

法律制度对外商直接投资影响的研究

本文概述了FDI对区域经济增长的作用机制和贡献以及区域分布的影响因素，并试图解释法律制度在中国引进FDI中的特殊作用。通过将法律制度作为解释变量之一，进行实证检验发现，法律制度对FDI区域分布的影响是显著的。本文总结了这一具有中国特色的实践经验，为建立健全引进外资的法律和政策体系以适应新的形势变化提供参考，以利引导经济更好更快的发展。     

中国NGO发展的法律问题分析

NGO作为第三部门在世界各国和国际社会发挥着举足轻重的作用.而在中国由于NGO立法的瑕疵与缺位导致众多NGO的合法性受质疑.为充分发挥NGO在中国社会发展和提供公共服务中的作用,本文重点剖析制约中国NGO成长的法律制度层面的问题,并提出相应对策加以完善.     

Are Legal Families Related to Financial Reporting Quality?

A large body of financial accounting research explores the quality of accounting in different countries. An important assumption in most of that research is that common law provides a firmer foundation for good accounting transparency than civil law. Researchers usually regress their proxy for accounting quality on an indicator variable that designates the firm's country as a common or civil law jurisdiction (along with other regressors). But what is the support for that nearly universal assumption? This study addresses that question. It traces the distinctions made by legal scholars that characterize the two ‘families’. It analyzes La Porta et al. (1998), which is the nearly universal citation to support the civil/common dummy, and assesses the design and development of research designs that use law in accounting studies. It concludes that the use of the civil/common distinction as applied in accounting studies cannot be supported, and offers suggestions for how to better investigate the ways in which the law interacts with financial reporting.     

Classifying railway stations for strategic transport and land use planning: Context matters!

The classification of railway stations is a potentially powerful tool for strategic transport and land use planning. Existing classifications rely strongly on the indicator “passenger frequency”, which focuses on transport related issues, blending performance with preconditions at a given site. We argue that a classification system for strategic planning should focus on the demands and conditions of the site within which the railway station must function, i.e. system context. Here, we present such a classification system: a cluster analysis of the 1700 Swiss railway stations relying solely on context factors. The resulting classes vary primarily in density (of land use and transport services) and use (commuting, leisure time, tourism). Common geographic patterns and class-specific dynamics are discernable. These results indicate that classification based on the relevant demands and conditions given by context leads to clearly interpretable classes and supports multi-perspective strategic planning for railway stations. The systematic approach allows for a better understanding of the interrelations between railway stations and their context.     

Towards integration of 3D legal and physical objects in cadastral data models

Digital 3D cadastres are often envisaged as the visualisation of 3D property rights (legal objects) and to some extent, their physical counterparts (physical objects) such as buildings and utility networks on, above and under the surface. They facilitate registration and management of 3D properties and reduction of boundary disputes. They also enable a wide variety of applications that in turn identify detailed and integrated 3D legal and physical objects for property management and city space management (3D land use management).Efficient delivery and implementation of these applications require many elements to support a digital 3D cadastre, such as existing 3D property registration laws, appropriate 3D data acquisition methods, 3D spatial database management systems, and functional 3D visualisation platforms. In addition, an appropriate 3D cadastral data model can also play a key role to ensure successful development of the 3D cadastre.A 3D cadastral data model needs to reflect the complexity and interrelations of 3D legal objects and their physical counterparts. Many jurisdictions have defined their own cadastral data models for legal purposes and have neglected the third dimension, integration of physical counterparts and semantic aspects.To address these problems, this paper aims to investigate why existing cadastral data models do not facilitate effective representation and analysis of 3D data, integration of 3D legal objects with their physical counterparts, and semantics. Then, a 3D cadastral data model (3DCDM) is proposed as a solution to improve the current cadastral data models. The data model is developed based on the ISO standards. UML modelling language is used to specify the data model. The results of this research can be used by cadastral data modellers to improve existing or develop new cadastral data models to support the requirements of 3D cadastres.     

Measuring legal systems

Factor-analytic models can substantially improve the measurement of comparative legal systems and thereby our understanding of how legal systems influence economic outcomes. These methods yield better estimates of latent constructs, allow us to evaluate whether institutional features are representative of a theoretical construct and whether allegedly distinct theoretical constructs can be separated empirically. We illustrate these points through a re-analysis of a 2003 study by Djankov, La Porta, Lopez-de-Silanes and Shleifer, using a factor-analytic method that combines continuous and categorical indicators. Our results strengthen these authors' findings with respect to how legal formalism relates to legal origin and the quality of the legal system. Yet, the results also show that many of the original index items are not significantly positively related to formalism. The results thus shed light on what institutional features should be prioritized for reform if we seek to make legal systems less formalistic. Moreover, we question the evidence that the formalism model better predicts the quality of the legal system than does the alternative “incentives” model. We argue, instead, that formalism and incentives may both relate to the tendency of a legal system to use bureaucratic rule-making. Our approach can readily be applied to the analysis of legal concepts other than formalism. Journal of Comparative Economics 35 (4) (2007) 711–728.     

广西经济增长与环境脆弱的因果特征分析

文章采用因子分析分析方法对广西1978～2008年环境脆弱性进行测度,然后运用格兰杰因果分析方法分别对广西总体经济增长、第一、二、三产业与广西环境脆弱性进行因果分析,通过滞后期的选择,从而判定他们之间的因果信息及其形成特征。结果显示:经济增长与环境脆弱之间是否存在格兰杰因果关系,存在产业差异,并在很大程度上受到滞后期数的影响,而且经济增长与环境脆弱之间的因果关系,并且在方向上也存在着差异。     

优化外部环境对促进新疆消费信贷发展的探讨

本文从消费信贷外部环境的视角出发,通过分析新疆消费信贷发展现状及存在的问题,结合近期国家出台的一系列有关消费信贷的新政策,探讨优化外部环境对促进新疆消费信贷发展的影响。