金融部门人力资本配置与实体企业金融资产投资

在实体经济“冷”与虚拟经济“热”的大背景下,中国实体企业投资于金融资产的比例快速提升,经济金融化格局正在加速形成。本文试图从金融部门的人力资本配置视角对实体企业金融资产配置的形成逻辑进行诠释。本文以人均受教育年限来衡量金融部门的人力资本配置,采用2008年经济普查微观数据库的数据构造地级市层面的度量指标,并匹配至2009—2018年非金融类上市公司进行实证检验。计量结果显示,金融部门的人力资本水平越高,实体企业金融资产配置越多,且该效应在信息不对称企业中尤为显著。进一步的机制检验发现,在金融部门人力资本提高的条件下,实体企业债务期限显著缩短,具体表现为短期负债增加而长期负债减少。本文研究结论表明,人力资本偏向金融部门增强了其在信贷合约中的市场势力,信贷供给短期化是实体企业金融化的重要原因之一。     

基于OPM3的施工企业项目管理体系评价模型应用研究

项目管理体系量化评价作为评估和改进组织项目管理能力的重要手段,已得到国外众多项目型组织的认可和应用。本文把组织项目管理成熟模型(OPM3)与工程建设企业的特殊性相结合,从等级划分思想、评价指标体系及权重分析等方面,提出构建基于OPM3的工程建设企业项目管理体系量化评价模型的设想,并通过某企业实例证明项目管理能力评价模型可以科学、合理地对企业项目管理水平等级进行评价。     

The common drivers of default risk

Using a unique data set on German banks’ loans to the German real economy, we investigate banks’ credit risk. This data set contains the volume of loans, and write-downs on loans, per bank and industry. Our empirical study for the period 2003–2011 yields the following results: (i) alongside the average nationwide credit loss rate, industry composition, regional factors, and the state of the global economy, the loans’ maturity structure is identified as an additional driver of the bank-wide loss rates in the credit portfolio. (ii) The nationwide loss rate has the largest impact, followed by the maturity structure and the industry composition. (iii) For nationwide banks, these common factors explain about 26% of the time variation in the loss rate of credit portfolios; for regional banks, this figure is less than 8%.     

Using cellular automata to simulate electronic commerce receptivity in small organisations

The focus of the research is to study the dynamics of electronic commerce propagation caused by organisational characteristics in small organisations. A model of opinion dynamics and verbalisation process for studying the receptivity of electronic commerce in small organisations in Slovenia is proposed. The methodology is based on cellular automata approach, diffusion theory, small organisations characteristics and studies on factors affecting electronic commerce introduction and usage in small organisations. The decision of an organisation whether to adopt electronic commerce or not is based on its attitude towards electronic commerce and impressions gathered from interactions with other organisations. Different characteristics of organisations were defined according to the data gathered by interviews and a survey. Several types of electronic commerce diffusion dynamics are evident from the data gathered. The most likely scenario of electronic commerce diffusion among small organizations in Slovenia predicts a decrease in organizations that are less mature in e-commerce and the increase in more mature organizations by 6-8% by the end of year 2006.     

中国农村普惠金融发展水平研究

本文以1978-2013年的中国农村金融运行数据为研究对象,通过构建“农村金融成熟度模型”,来衡量中国改革开放以来中国农村普惠金融发展水平。研究结果表明：1978-2013年中国农村普惠金融发展虽经历波折但整体向好,相比改革初期,21世纪以来农村金融服务各方面都得到明显改善,并且在2007年以后中国农村普惠金融发展迅猛。但是,中国农村普惠金融的发展中存在过度重视农村金融“量”上的积累,而忽视“广度”、“深度”、“效率”等多方面协同发展的问题。鉴于此,本文结合普惠金融理论提出相关建议。     

非核心业务外包决策因素研究——外包市场成熟度因素的引入

本文在现有国内外研究成果的基础上,针对非核心业务外包决策中遇到的难题,综合性地提出了一个重要的决策因素——市场成熟度,并且利用因果关系图工具提出了影响外包市场成熟度的五个主要影响因素。同时,针对这些主要影响因素,提出了一些相对应的培育市场的对策。     

减税政策对小微企业债务期限结构的影响

本文主要探讨减税政策对小微企业债务期限结构的影响。理论上,减税政策对企业债务期限结构产生两种方向相反的效果:一是减税后企业盈利状况改善,激励银行通过延长债务期限以争取企业客户;二是减税后企业可支配现金流增加,加剧银行与企业间的委托代理问题,促使银行缩短债务期限以便加强企业监督。本文以所得税减半征收政策作为自然实验,基于全国税收调查数据库(2010-2015)考察了减税政策对小微企业债务期限结构的影响。实证结果显示:减税后企业的债务期限整体得以延长;如果减税后企业的盈利状况改善更多,或可支配现金流增长更缓,企业债务期限延长幅度更大。此外,本文发现在快速扩张行业、有产能过剩风险行业以及房地产上下游关联行业中的企业往往会因为较强的代理成本效应而面临减税后债务期限的边际缩短。本文研究结论对改善企业融资结构,特别对提高小微企业获取中长期贷款能力,有一定的参考意义。     

Benchmarking Risk Management Within the International Water Utility Sector. Part II: A Survey of Eight Water Utilities

Risk management in the water utility sector is fast becoming explicit. Here, we describe application of a capability model to benchmark the risk management maturity of eight water utilities from the UK, Australia and the USA. Our analysis codifies risk management practice and offers practical guidance as to how utilities may more effectively employ their portfolio of risk analysis techniques for optimal, credible, and defensible decision making. For risk analysis, observed good practices include the use of initiation criteria for applying risk assessment techniques; the adoption of formalised procedures to guide their application; and auditing and peer reviews to ensure procedural compliance and provide quality assurance. Additionally, we have identified common weaknesses likely to be representative of the sector as a whole, in particular a need for improved risk knowledge management and education and training in the discipline.     

Empirical Research on Debt Maturity Structure and Governance Efficiency in Automotive Listed Companies

采用分量回归模型,以2006~2009年间沪深两市汽车行业上市公司的面板数据为样本,选取核心资产收益率、总资产收益率、净资产收益率、市账比和每股净资产为度量公司治理效率的替代变量,考察债务期限结构对公司治理效率的影响。实证结果显示,债务期限结构对核心资产收益率、净资产收益率和每股净资产具有显著的负向影响,表明长期债务的使用比例显著影响公司治理效率。     

期限错配、流动性创造与银行脆弱性

近年来我国商业银行在资产负债管理上的期限错配问题日益凸显,特别是同业业务的期限错配,不仅深刻影响了银行的经营,还对商业银行的内在稳定性和脆弱性产生了重要影响。鉴于此,本文以同业业务期限错配为分析主线,探讨银行同业业务期限错配对银行流动性创造的作用机制,分析同业业务期限错配及其流动性创造对银行脆弱性的影响,在此基础上进一步研究金融强监管对同业业务期限错配与银行脆弱性之间关联性的影响。结果表明:银行过度参与同业业务造成的期限错配尽管显著增加了同业业务流动性创造,却导致了银行总体流动性创造功能的下降;同业业务流动性创造显著增强了期限错配与银行脆弱性之间的关系,随着同业业务流动性创造的膨胀,同业业务期限错配进一步加剧了银行脆弱性,且中小型银行的脆弱性水平显著高于大型银行。2016年下半年开启的一系列监管强化政策造成同业业务流动性剧烈波动,市场因监管政策冲击,产生了一系列的恐慌反应,短期内反而加剧了银行脆弱性。