Internal and external factors in innovation persistence

This paper contributes to the analysis of the persistence of innovation activities, as measured by total factor productivity (TFP), and explores its internal and external determinants stressing its path-dependent characteristics. The external conditions, namely the quality of local knowledge pools and the strength of the Schumpeterian rivalry, along with the internal conditions (the actual levels of dynamic capabilities, as proxied by wage levels and firm size) exert a specific and localised effect upon the persistent introduction of innovations. A multiple transition probability matrixes (MTPMs) approach has been implemented to capture the contingent effects of external factors on long-term innovation persistence. The empirical analysis of the dynamics of firm-level TFP for a sample of approximately 7000 Italian manufacturing companies observed during the years 1996–2005 is based on both the comparison of different transition probability matrixes and on dynamic discrete choice panel data models. The evidence provided by the test of MTPMs in sub-periods suggests that innovation persistence is path-dependent, as opposed to past-dependent.     

大学生成长路径的机理溯源和引导措施探究

大学生成长路径不同,大学生成长发展也就表现出不同的特点。高校思想政治教育应更多关注大学生成长路径。要努力追溯成长路径的理论机理渊源,高校对大学生成长路径应推出相应的实践引导措施,促进大学生对成长路径的自觉选择和良性形成。     

开放式公园管理是促进社会和谐矿区稳定发展的有效途经

开放式公园管理是黑龙江大庆石化公司园林公司在落实党的十六届四中全会提出的构建社会主义＂和谐社会＂新理念的具体体现。也是落实党的十七大精神和科学发展观,创建和谐矿区,保持社会稳定的真实写照。通过调研和社会实践表明,开放式的公园管理是促进社会和谐矿区稳定发展的有效途经。     

整体治理的现实困境与路径选择

整体治理理论主张通过功能整合来为公众提供无缝隙的公共服务，但在实践中面临组织整合的技术困境、组织冲突的协调困境以及合作治理的问责困境。解决这些问题需要对整体治理进行改进和提升：要从注重机构整合转变为注重机构协作，营造整体行动的柔性机制以及建设学习型问责制度。     

金融危机传染的信用路径

从信用理论来看,金融危机传染的内在路径,就是其传染的信用路径。通过分析发现,金融危机传染的信用路径共有四种:信用主体双向性传染、信用关系性传染、信用心欲性传染、信用信息性传染。一个国家受到他国传染而爆发金融危机往往是四种信用路径的传染同时作用的结果。     

Changes in volatility of credit spread and market efficiency during rapid growth of credit-related securities

This paper investigates the changes in credit spread volatility during 1993–2001. We find that the credit spreads between junk-grade corporate bonds and Treasury bonds were significantly more volatile in the second half of this period when credit-related securities became popular. In contrast, investment-grade bonds exhibited no significant change in volatility. The junk bonds variance ratios changed from being less than one to greater than one. Using the GJR-Garch model, the conditional volatilities of junk bonds increased in the second half of the period and the mean reversion speeds slowed, suggesting a longer time for mean reversion to occur. Our analysis rules out treasury volatility, credit spread level, equity market return, T-bill rate, curvature of the Treasury curve, financial crisis, quantity of defaults and standard deviation of defaults as explanations for the increase in junk bond volatility. In contrast, volatility of equity returns provides a partial explanation of junk bond spread volatility in the later period.     

A security evaluation approach for information systems in telecommunication enterprises

In recent years, information systems in telecommunication enterprises have been characterised by boundary expansion and increase of departmental-level applications. These changes increase the complexity of security evaluation and pose new challenges to enterprises' information security. Taking into account the behaviour characters of system users, we put forward a system security evaluation approach based on access paths. This approach can help evaluators and users find out potential security risks without figuring out the boundary of systems explicitly. It has no special requirements for system scale and can be used in the evaluation of enterprise-level and departmental-level systems. This paper also presents the formal definition of access path and related evaluation rules.     

A dynamic model for disaster response considering prioritized demand points

This paper addresses the problem of distributing relief supplies after the occurrence of a disaster. We develop a dynamic model to serve demand, while prioritizing the response, according to the level of urgency of demand points. Our model is thought to be applied during a planning horizon and it considers dynamic demand, capacity constraints and priorities. To evaluate the applicability of our model, we use a real case study of a flood occurred in Colombia. We also test the computational solvability of our model and we propose and test different solution methodologies for solving larger instances of our problem.     

农村集体资产管理的政府干预探析

政府的适时介入、适度干预是强化农村集体资产管理的必然之需。但是，政府对农村集体资产管理的干预是一柄“双刃剑”：一方面，这种干预起到了提高农村财务人员素质、规范农村财务管理以及从源头治腐等积极效应；另一方面，这种干预也引发了侵害集体财产、增加基层政府财政压力等负面效应。当前，亟须对农村集体资产管理政府干预的路径进行优化：一是要明确农村集体资产管理政府干预的基本原则，二是要解决好农村集体资产管理政府干预的四个关键性问题。     

一种基于RFID的AGV电磁导引新方式

针对传统电磁导引方式存在的缺陷,提出了双线轨道和节点RFID导向方法;进一步降低地面和系统成本,提高了路径设计及更改的灵活性;利用RFID中定位及存储关键词等方式增强了AGV自主导引能力;最后展望了新导引方式及AGVS在物联网中的应用前景和使用方式。