"全球失衡"与世界经济增长动力多元化

经济全球化带来了世界经济结构的深刻变化,循环积累起的“全球失衡”使美国全球经济“火车头”地位进一步增强,发展中大国群的“引擎”作用逐步显现。如果主要“利害关系者”能进行互利互惠的协同调整,进一步增强世界经济增长动力多元化发展趋势,不仅能使降低矫正失衡的成本,更长远地看将造就一个更加平衡和可持续发展的世界经济新格局。     

Two studies of women's retirement incomes in Australia: assessing some outcomes of pluralism in economic research

To illustrate the potential use of plural research methods,two studies of Australian women's retirement incomes are examined.The first study employed quantitative microsimulation techniques.Its outcomes emphasised low lifetime earnings as a cause ofwomen's lower retirement incomes. The second study used an inductiveapproach known as grounded theory, and its conclusions emphasisedhousehold decision-making processes as a cause of both women'slow lifetime earnings and lower retirement incomes. Using Runde'scriteria for assessing causal explanations, a comparison ismade of the outcomes of the two studies. The conclusion is that,rather than being seen as competing accounts, the outcomes ofthe two varying research methods can be viewed as complementary.By demonstrating the different insights afforded by contrastingresearch methods, this paper provides some support for pluralismof research methods within the discipline of economics.     

Mainstream economics, heterodoxy and academic exclusion: a review essay

Does the mainstream of economic thinking and analysis tend systematically to exclude ideas and approaches that could enrich the field, and, as a consequence, have important questions and issues been shunted aside for nonobjective reasons? Two recent volumes by heterodox economists that address these questions are Geoffrey Hodgson's How Economics Forgot History: The Problem of Historical Specificity in Social Science, and Steve Keen's Debunking Economics: The Naked Emperor of the Social Sciences. I evaluate their claims of academic exclusion and assess the current state of (selective) pluralism within mainstream economics.     

The plurality of co-existing business models: Investigating the complexity of value drivers

Business models are key tools to provide a means of operationalizing theories about firm and industry level strategies, and to understand the nature of value drivers and the role of marketing in these processes. In this paper we assess empirical evidence for a plurality of co-existing business models within firms by developing a typology of business models in a single industry, the New Zealand Wine industry. We examine the co-existence of the types of models using in-depth analysis of seven case firms that vary in size and ownership. Our findings show how value creation is done in the context of interactions and they provide support for multiple business models that co-exist alongside each other with varying degrees of separation. Plurality better explains the complexity of value drivers and strategies for firms in this rapidly changing industry environment, where businesses are under extreme financial pressure. Our findings challenge assumptions that firms have (or should have) a single business model thus allowing a plurality of approaches within a single firm or industry that shifts the focus from implementing strategy A or B or C, to implementing strategy A and B and/or C.     

Bridging anticipation skills and intercultural competences as a means to reinforce the capacity of global citizens for learning to learn together

The view of the authors is that, in response to challenges created in many countries by the coexistence of communities of different origins and cultures, living together in peace requires a capacity to learn together and to navigate a plurality of cultures but also a plurality of futures.To explore this idea, a research has been conducted to identify future-oriented methodologies that can sustain activities in such fields as the culture of peace and global citizenship education. Such methodologies as Causal Layered Analysis, the Sarkar game, Transformative Scenario Planning and the framework of Futures Literacy are examined in relation to their added value for intercultural competences. The paper finishes on the presentation and analysis of a case study on a foresight participative workshop held with young people in Africa.The four methodologies and the case study presented in this paper provide, in our view, a strong impetus to further explore spaces where intercultural competences and the discipline of anticipation can be hybridized. Such hybridity seems to correspond to what is required of citizens in a globalizing world where solutions must not only be based on long term perspectives but also be shared across national, cultural, ethnic or religious boundaries.     

Fragmentation or creative diversity? Options in the provision of land management advisory services

Rural land managers need access to sound advice and information to respond to pressures from environmental regulations, declining farm incomes, changing patterns in international trade and new institutional arrangements within the domestic food chain. Governments have cut back their provision of advisory services but need more than ever to influence land managers’ decisions to achieve a growing array of policy objectives. The paper develops a conceptual framework for analysing advisory services and concludes, through a review of sixteen case studies, that the needs of both governments and land managers can be met by a diverse mixture of private and public sector provision.     

Response to the Comment: “What is Heterodox Economics? Conversations with Historians of Economic Thought”

The comment to “What is Heterodox Economics? Conversations with Historians of Economic Thought” spotlights critical issues in the possibility and probability of articulation and proposes a compelling argument in the explanation of the “inability of heterodoxy to define itself...” The core argument suggests that heterodox groups of economic thought cannot successfully articulate the nature of its varied programs until it recognizes and articulates the metaphysically and ontologically different system of knowledge which serves as the foundation for heterodox thought.