职业生涯规划下高职税务专业课程设置探析

高职教育的主要教学目标是为社会提供高级技术型人才。高职税务专业学生的职业生涯规划课程设置就是结合税务专业高职生的教育目标,希望通过学校教育,使税务专业高职学生全面掌握实现目标应该学习的基础理论与实践课程,帮助税务专业学生实现其人生价值和理想。     

企业财务管理中纳税筹划的作用分析

纳税筹划是企业财务管理中的一个重要领域,是企业纳税人为最大限度节约税款,最大限度获得税收利益而进行的一种最佳的选择。如何做好纳税筹划工作,是企业财务管理的一个重要工作。     

产品生命周期成本及其成本结构权衡理论研究——一种增量成本优化的研究方法

随着市场竞争程度的加强和产品寿命周期的缩短,对产品全寿命周期成本分析就显得非常重要。本文从企业的角度(生产者视角的产品寿命周期成本)采用价值链分析方法和增量成本分析方法讨论产品寿命周期成本与产品价值,以及产品寿命周期内各阶段成本结构的优化问题。将产品价值与产品寿命周期成本进行对比和优化从而为企业价值最大化和满足顾客需求提供判断依据。     

市场规模、利润侵蚀和争取多产品跨国企业的政策竞争

本文考虑两个国家(或者地区)的政府为争取一家外国跨国企业直接投资(FDI)而进行的政策竞争。两国拥有不同的市场规模,跨国公司生产两种水平差别化产品。文章证明:均衡时跨国企业的FDI选择取决于市场规模效应(marketsize effect)、两种产品间的利润侵蚀效应(cannibalization effect)和两国FDI补贴政策的共同作用。在此基础上,本文进一步得到了政府间FDI竞争的福利含义。特别地,本文还证明了:两国福利可能因参与FDI竞争而获得帕累托严格改进,或者发生帕累托严格损失。     

Incomplete market participation, endogenous endowment risks and welfare

This paper investigates the equilibrium growth rate of capital stock and social welfare when risk-sharing externalities are incorporated into the infinite-horizon model where endowment risks are endogenized by the degree of incomplete market participation. There exist Nash equilibria depending on the degree of market participation. Under equilibrium with incomplete market participation, the endowment risks cannot be fully diversified as they induce precautionary savings and the over-accumulation of capital stocks while spillover effects on production technologies lead to the under-accumulation of capital stocks. This may have desirable effects on economic growth and improve social welfare.     

Balanced budget vs. Tax smoothing in a small open economy: A welfare comparison

The objective of this paper is to investigate the effect of lending and borrowing constraints on the dynamics of public debt and optimal taxation policy in the context of a general equilibrium model with tax smoothing. The results from the numerical simulation of the model show significant welfare gains, provided that the policymaker is allowed to borrow and lend in order to smooth taxes across time instead of maintaining a balanced budget at all times. Moreover, for a specific process for asset prices, it is also shown that if the government can issue state-contingent debt then overall welfare can be further improved substantially.     

我国证券税制改革研究

我国证劵市场目前主要存在流转税过重、所得税混乱、财产税缺失、行为税错位等缺陷.现行证劵税制可以在遵循前瞻性和阶段性相统一、独立性和复合性相兼备、刚性和弹性相结合的3大原则的基础上有针对性地进行改革,以达到促进证券市场的稳定健康发展、减轻税负和规范税制以及与国际接轨的目标.     

银行监管中的最优市场约束研究

基于社会利润最大化的视角,本文研究了银行监管中的最优市场约束问题.研究发现:在银行监管中实施最优的市场约束不仅可以提高银行监管帕累托效率,而且可以给社会带来最大的利润;最优市场约束水平受到银行"额外价值",无市场约束时贷款失败的概率、贷款成功的收益、市场约束的成本弹性等因素的影响,且与这些因素呈正相关;最优市场约束水平对银行"额外价值"、贷款成功的收益这两个因素的变化敏感性较强,对无市场约束时贷款失败的概率的变化敏感性较弱,对市场约束的成本弹性的敏感性呈现出由强变弱的趋势.     

国际金融中心演进对国家福利效应的实证检验

本文利用伦敦、纽约、东京三个国际金融中心及其相应国家的大量数据,通过固定效应模型检验方法对国际金融中心演进水平与东道国福利水平之间的关系进行了实证研究,结果显示,国际金融中心银行业的发展会对东道固的居民收入水平、消赍水平和国家财政收入水平有显著为正的效应,而证券业的发展对东道固福利水平的效应不明显,国际金融中心的演进对降低东道国失业率也没有作用.     

The first 35 years of Soviet living standards: Secular growth and conjunctural crises in a time of famines

This article investigates welfare and living standards in the Soviet Union during the great crises of the first 35 years of Soviet power, during which the USSR experienced 5 major famines. It reviews the classic literature on traditional measures of Soviet consumption and recent critiques of them. It discusses the nature of welfare and welfare indicators, the reliability of Soviet statistical indicators on welfare, and it charts the dimensions of the groups in Soviet society that were most vulnerable to these welfare crises. A range of welfare indicators covering nutrition, mortality and stature are critically examined both regarding their immediate and long-term consequences and the groups affected.