Urban Influence on Costs of Production in the Corn Belt

This article determines the relative technical efficiency of rural- and urban-influenced crop/livestock enterprises in the Corn Belt. Farmers in urban-influenced locations are less technically efficient than farmers in rural locations. During 1998–2000, stochastic production frontier procedures indicate that a 10% increase in urban influence leads to a close to 4% decrease in technical efficiency. The most successful urban-influenced farms have controlled costs as effectively as rural farms. They have tended to de-emphasize that nondairy livestock activities—particularly beef and hogs—do not rely extensively on off-farm income, and have relatively large, less residential/lifestyle operations compared to less successful urban-influenced farmers. However, our statistical analysis clearly bears out the refrain in popular literature that urban proximity raises the cost for, and decreases the viability of, traditional farms.     

Rural Population Growth, 1950–1990: The Roles of Human Capital, Industry Structure, and Government Policy

Human capital raises rural incomes, but this effect is swamped by higher returns to human capital in urban markets. This leads to "brain drain" from rural areas. Populations grow more rapidly in rural counties that have a diversified employment base. Farm population grows faster (or declines more slowly) in counties with relatively high farm income, and nonfarm populations grow faster in counties with relatively high nonfarm income. However, higher farm incomes lead to slower nonfarm population growth and vice versa. Rural county government services financed by local taxes or debt have neutral or negative effects on population growth.     

Triple jump about urban land potential release in China

Recent two decades, the great changes take place in China, especially in land use area. After the marketization, the urban land potential of China releases gradually. Three models in this paper show the three stages of reforming land use system. This paper will give a clear picture of urban land use in China that spans nearly thirty years.     

皖江城市带经济差异与其自然地理成因分析

通过2001～2006年的城市经济统计资料的对比,得出皖江城市带的流域经济特征:一是区段性,皖江段处在长江流域经济的低谷,巢湖"大湖经济"不突出;二是差异性,皖江城市带内部发展不平衡,存在东西差异和南北差异,具有流域空间分异特征;从自然地理要素角度来看,断裂、地形地貌差异、洪灾差异、冲洪积平原面积差异以及区域自然地理特征对现代交通布局和航运的影响等是造成皖江城市带经济差异性的自然原因.     

山西省区域经济实力评价及空间差异研究

山西省区域经济差异发展,严重影响了全省全面建设小康社会和新农村建设的实现;选取了人均GDP、人均财政收入及人均社会零售商品总额等8项具有代表性的评价指标,对全省11个地级市经济实力进行了综合评价,并揭示了其空间差异变化特征。     

挠力河流域景观格局粒度效应分析

挠力河流域是重要的生态敏感区,国际生物多样性保护网络的重要节点,该流域湿地是三江平原地区重要的生态屏障,具有无法替代的生态价值和资源意义;分析了景观格局空间粒度的变化.     

论城市文化资源的资本转化

城市化资源系统是一个复杂集合体。其集聚性与分散性同时并存；多层次性与整体性同时并存；物态型与非物态型同时并存。我们必须坚持因地制宜、整体与重点相结合、资本转化利用与资源保护相结合、聚集与整合相统一、经济效益与社会效益并举的原则，通过项目开发转化模式、化资源的单体开发转化模式、化节庆开发转化模式、运营商开发转化模式等具体途径。实现其城市资源的资本转化和价值增值。     

Stochastic Technology, Risk Preferences, and Adoption of Site-Specific Technologies

A model of farmer decision making is developed to determine the extent to which uncertainties about soil fertility and weather affect the value of site-specific technologies (SSTs) using jointly estimated risk and technology parameters. Uncertainty can lead risk-averse farmers to apply more fertilizers and generate more pollution than in the certainty case. Ignoring uncertainty and risk aversion would overestimate the economic and environmental benefits of SSTs and underestimate the subsidy required to induce adoption. Accounting for uncertainties and risk preferences might explain the low observed adoption rates of SSTs. Improving the accuracy of SSTs would increase the incentives for adoption.     

企业空间集聚的成因分析

企业空间集聚是当今世界区域经济发展的重要特色。本文从同行业和不同行业两个角度分别探讨了企业空间集聚的成困,并实例分析了徐州市金山桥开发区企业集聚体的形成与发展。