基于UIC406的铁路能力消耗与能力使用分析

以UIC406为基础,从能力消耗与能力使用两个层面展开论述,从时刻表规划的角度出发把握铁路能力的动态性与不确定性,进行能力的计算与评估,对于提高能力计算与评估结果的准确性有极为重要的意义。     

地下室底板设计方法初探

本文是根据工程实例来介绍地下室底板的设计,考虑建筑要求,再结合工程实际,塔楼部分采用筏板,裙楼部分采用独立基础。     

从2008年大洪水看南宁市防洪能力

文章对南宁市上游梯级水电站建成后的实际防洪能力,未来建成的左江龙头水库平而关水电站和南宁市老口水电站共同拦洪调度的防洪能力,以及老口青秀2座水电站的设计洪水流量,建筑物长度、宽度、高度及库区淹没赔偿款数额,邕江、浔江及左右江沿岸几百公里的土地开发高程和布局进行了探讨。     

中国出口贸易溢出对企业创新能力的影响

本文利用2005~2008年中国工业企业微观数据,研究了出口贸易溢出对企业创新能力的影响.为了修正样本选择偏差问题,文中使用了 Heckman 两步模型.研究发现,出口贸易水平溢出和后向关联溢出对企业创新可能性和创新数量均有显著的正效应.进一步的研究表明,内资企业是出口贸易溢出的主要来源;外资出口企业的强势竞争力、买方市场势力及其对知识产权的严格保护是外资企业出口溢出对企业创新能力影响较小的主要原因.     

财政科技投入对长三角创新能力的影响：基于动态面板数据的GMM方法

2002-2010年长三角创新集中度越来越高,成为我国科技创新集聚地。本文基于长三角2002-2010年各城市财政科技投入存量、专利授权量等数据,运用动态面板数据的GMM方法,研究了财政科技投入等因素对创新能力的影响。结果表明,财政科技投入、人力资本对长三角创新能力的提高有显著促进作用,但固定资产存量对创新能力有负面影响。在综合考虑相关因素的基础上,本文最后提出了促进长三角创新能力提升的对策建议。     

省际问基本社会保障服务均等化研究——基于2000-2010年面板数据的分析

社会保障是维系人的基本生存权和发展权、维持社会安全与稳定底线的一种最基本层次的公共服务项目。进入21世纪以来,无论从社会保障人均投入、社会保障投入水平,还是社会保障投入比重来看,我国省际间差异均呈现“U”型轨迹。实证研究表明,省际间社会保障服务及其差异程度,既受政府的供给能力、供给意愿、供给成本等供给因素的影响,也受居民的体制性需求和项目性需求的制约。其中,供给能力和供给成本在省际间存在的较大差异性,成为阻碍社会保障服务均等化实现的主要原因。为此,要逐步缓解财政能力的悬殊差距、减少社保供给的成本差异、确立民生优先的一致意愿、消除城乡体制的二元分割。     

The Impact of Knowledge Acquisition and Absorptive Capacity on Technological Innovations in Developing Countries: Evidence From Egyptian Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises

The author examines the determinants of technological innovations in Egyptian manufacturing and service small and medium-sized enterprises. Three categories of determinants are explored: (a) firms’ exposure to external knowledge and technologies, (b) firms’ absorptive capacity, and (c) financial and market barriers to innovation. A large dataset derived from the 2009 Egyptian innovation survey is used to estimate two binary logit models of factors explaining firms’ propensity to innovate in the manufacturing and service sectors. Results show that Egyptian manufacturing and service small and medium-sized enterprises follow similar paths to innovate and confirm the assumption that the catching-up reality in most developing countries makes the patterns followed by firms to innovate fundamentally different from those applied in countries at the technology frontier.     

九寨沟旅游陆地交通环境承载力及其调控模式研究初论

随着全球经济的复苏及国内旅游业的飞速发展,具有独特自然及人文景观的国家5A级风景名胜区的九寨沟自然保护区,游客人数已经呈现几何倍数增长的趋势;而进入景区的交通方式主要依靠陆地交通。交通环境又有其特殊性,其中最主要的九环西线途经区域为我国西南地区一条重要的民族廊道,是独具特色的少数民族聚居区,又是典型的生态环境脆弱区;九环东线,所经过的平武县更是我国重要的大熊猫保护基地。因此,为有效缓解游客激增对九寨沟景区的压力,降低陆地交通工具对沿途环境的危害程度,从而促进景区自身的生态可持续发展及与周边区域的和谐共生、共赢,开展针对大九寨沟旅游的陆地交通环境承载力及其调控模式的研究具有较高的理论及现实意义。     

Science-policy interfaces for sustainable climate-smart agriculture uptake: lessons learnt from national science-policy dialogue platforms in West Africa

Connecting science with policy has always been challenging for both scientists and policymakers. In Ghana, Mali and Senegal, multi-stakeholder national science-policy dialogue platforms on climate-smart agriculture (CSA) were setup to use scientific evidence to create awareness of climate change impacts on agriculture and advocate for the mainstreaming of climate change and CSA into agricultural development plans. Based on the platforms' operations and achievements, we used semi-structured questionnaire interviews and reviewed technical reports produced by the platforms to analyse how their modes of operation and achievements improve understanding of the science-policy interfaces between agricultural and climate change decision making. Results showed that these platforms constitute an innovative approach to effectively engaging decision-makers and sustainably mainstreaming climate change into development plans. Effective science-policy interaction requires: (a) institutionalizing dialogue platforms by embedding them within national institutions, which improves their credibility, relevance and legitimacy among policymakers; (b) two-way communication, which contributes substantially to the co-development of solutions that address climate change vulnerabilities and impacts; and (c) relevant communication products and packaging of evidence that aligns with country priorities, which facilitates its uptake in policy-making processes. We conclude with a framework of sustainable operation for such platforms based on lessons learnt in the three countries.