基于市场势差论的企业对利润的追求

传统经济学认为企业应以获取最大利润为目标,现代博弈论则认为企业应获取合理利润。在成本一定的条件下,企业利润的大小无疑与其产品的市场价格有密切关系。市场上商品价格是由供求规律决定已被认为是必然,但市场上商品价格的走势却常常出现与供求规律相悖的现象,因而商品的供求不是决定其价格的唯一因素,而是重要因素之一。市场上商品价格是由市场势差决定的。企业利润的大小是由其产品在市场中势差的大小决定的。     

Potential for electric vehicle adoption in Australia

Data from the New South Wales (NSW) Household Travel Survey (2014/15 NSW, T. f. (2014/15, 9/15/2016). SA3 Household Travel Survey (HTS). Retrieved from https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B12S3-OIR0hOT3oyYzJnMVp1UWs [Google Scholar]) was analyzed to determine the trip-by-trip range of automobile travel in NSW. The results show that 88% of trips were less than 30?km, which could readily be provided by electric vehicles, consuming a total of 18?GWh in electrical energy per weekday. Even if all electric vehicles were recharged from non-renewable coal-fired power plants, the greater efficiency of electric vehicles would result in a reduction of greenhouse gas emissions across NSW by 18% carbon dioxide equivalent (CO_2(eq))_. Additionally, we mapped the average state of charge distribution of the electric vehicles at key times during the day, indicating the maximum net load (for recharging) and/or available energy (for vehicle-to-grid services) across NSW. The results are consistent with other international studies and demonstrate the potential for wide scale electric vehicles adoption in Australia.     

Methodological ignorance: A comment on field experiments and methodological intolerance

Glenn Harrison [Journal of Economic Methodology, 2013, 20, 103–117] discusses four related forms of methodological intolerance with respect to field experiments: field experiments should rely on some form of randomization, should be disconnected from theory, the concept of causality should only be defined in terms of observables, and the role of laboratory experiments is dismissed. As is often the case, the cause of intolerance is ignorance, as it is here. To acquire knowledge about potential influences, which we need for both the evaluation of internal and external validity of experimental results, we cannot do without theory. A purely empiricist (inductive) methodology will be unable to give us sufficient understanding of the validity of these results. An account of causality only based on directly observed things, is an account based on factual influences only. This account will be too restricted, because it will not deal with the unobserved potential influences, which we need – again – for the evaluation of the internal and external validity of the experimental results. Every investigation in a laboratory that is feasible regarding a specific potential influence may lead to deep knowledge. It is simply scientifically irrational to dismiss this kind of knowledge.     

可持续旅游发展的文化动因探讨

矛盾是事物发展的动力与源泉。旅游业要保持持久发展的能力，必须有推动其发展的持久动力。旅游文化的可持续发展主要体现在以下三点：旅游文化的大众服务性；旅游文化的继承性和创造性；旅游文化的时空性。     

How Does Nationalist China Fare in the Aftermath of its U. N. Defeat

This paper tries to measure the effectiveness of the Bush administration's hardline policy toward North Korea. The Bush security team is seen basically trying to discipline North Korea by employing more sticks and less carrots than its predecessor did. However, it is not quite clear whether a rather strong policy could promote efficiently both the national interest of the U.S. and the partisan interest of the Bush administration.     

以色列经济高速发展中主观隐形性因素的分析

以色列经济从建国以来一直保持着高速的发展。以色列经济高速发展的原因有内部因素和外部因素两方面，内、外因素都有客观直接性因素和主观隐形性因素。关于以色列经济的发展，在强调客观直接性因素发挥重大作用的同时，不能忽视主观隐形性因素的影响。     

Can Market Potential Explain Regional Disparities in Developing Countries? Evidence from Turkey

Regional disparity is one of the important characteristics of the Turkish economy. This study examines the impact of market potential on the regional differences in Turkey by investigating wages in the manufacturing industry for 1987 and 2000. Evidence suggests that market potential is an important determinant of inequality in Turkey. In addition, public–private decomposition reshapes the dispersion of wages supportive of rising heterogeneity in the private manufacturing industry. This increases the explanatory power of market potential, which is observed to be high in western Turkey and diminishes toward eastern Turkey. Our findings highlight that during the postliberalization era of the 1980s, Turkey's regional inequality concern transformed into a structural problem which can be explained by provincial market potential. Moreover, our results underline that the modern geography framework, which has been tested for developed economies, is able to elucidate the regional differences in a developing country suffering from persistent imbalances.     

扩大内需应注重的几个问题

我国国内市场潜力大,经济发展的回旋余地大,这是我们的优势。在全面建设小康社会乃至整个现代化建设进程中,我们要始终发挥好这个优势,坚持并不断完善扩大内需的方针,从而保持国民经济的健康稳定持续发展。     

知识传播机理的物理学视角探讨——从知识势差的角度来解释知识流动

文章引入物理学势能和势差的概念,导出知识势能与知识势差的存在,以期运用这些物理学概念来阐明知识传播的机理和知识流动的机制。文章在概念引入的基础上,首先从知识资源的非均衡性和知识资源的专业化两个方面分析了知识势差的存在机理和原因,接着运用知识势差来解释知识流动的机理和原因,并分别从知识授体、知识受体和传播环境三个方面分析了知识传播受阻的机理和原因。通过分析,本文认为由于知识势差的存在才导致知识的传播、流动、转移和扩散,与此同时知识传播的过程中,一方面从静态来看它遵守能量守恒定律,另一方面从动态来看在知识传播的过程中会发生能量增值,因此知识的传播过程无论是对知识授体而言还是对知识受体而言都是有益无害的。     

企业加速器与风险投资的合理融合研究

企业加速器由企业孵化器演化而成,主要为高新技术、高成长企业的发展加速助推,风险投资与企业加速器在项目源、管理、资金和政策上存在着很强的互补性,二者融合可以得到风险投资、加速器和高成长企业＂三赢＂的结果,本文针对企业加速器与风险投资融合的优势,利用博弈工具分析企业加速器与风险投资融合决策过程,给出了二者合理融合的基本模式,针对融合过程中存在的障碍提出了相关对策和建议。