基于DEA模型的城市集约经营效率分析——以我国的15个副省级城市为例

DEA方法是进行相对有效性评价的一种方法，本文利用DEA模型的两种形式对我国15个副省级城市的集约经营效率进行了比较分析，并探讨了制约我国集约经济发展的重要因素及其对策。     

Profit sharing as a worker discipline device

A synthesis of profit-sharing and efficiency wage models is constructed to provide a preliminary account of how a firm determines its pay parameters, and why it chooses to be a profit-sharing or a fixed-wage firm. We find that the properties of the worker's effort function crucially influence the firm's choices between different compensation systems, and that the adoption of a profit-sharing scheme cannot guarantee the attainment of full employment. Other findings of the paper also seem to be very different from those of Weitzman's share model.     

A closer look at the productivity advantage of foreign affiliates

In analyzing firm productivity in Belgium, this article shows empirically that both scale and efficiency contribute positively to the typical productivity advantage of foreign affiliates. Stochastic production frontier estimation using the translog functional form indicates that foreign subsidiaries exploit economies of scale more fully and benefit from better (transferred) technological capabilities than Belgian national firms (i.e., Belgian owned firms without subsidiaries abroad). Belgian multinational enterprises (MNEs), i.e., Belgian owned firms with at least one subsidiary abroad, resemble foreign‐based MNEs in possessing specific technological advantages. While the increasing globalization has facilitated the realization of scale effects across borders, this article shows that the development of technological capabilities/advantages is still a prerequisite for MNEs to compete successfully abroad.     

公共救助分配中的公平与效率

现代市场经济以其充分满足消费者需求的效率而备受推崇,但其运行的结果会产生收入分配不公和低收入群体的负面影响。公共救助是向低收入群体传递与分配社会资源的重要机制。本文首先从公共救助分配的公平机制入手,分析了建立政府主导型公共救助制度的必然性。然后从社会福利这一新的视角来界定公共救助的内涵,以充分体现特定的社会价值观念取向。最后探讨了我国公共救助制度的有关效率问题。     

Pareto optimality in continuous-time OLG economies

The aim of this paper is the achievement of a complete characterization of the Pareto optimality of competitive equilibria for deterministic, pure exchange, continuous-time economies with a countable number of overlapping generations, where each consumer’s life-span consists in a bounded interval of time. For such an environment, we obtain separate sufficient and necessary conditions for Pareto optimality in the form of the Cass’ criterion, that is, in terms of the equilibrium prices. However, these conditions are not equivalent in general. Therefore, in order to get that equivalence we are compelled to impose certain restrictions, either on consumers’ lifetimes, assuming that all of them have the same longevity, or on the dynamic behaviour of relative intertemporal equilibrium prices. In both cases, we are able to derive a single condition that is sufficient and necessary for efficiency, thus achieving full characterizations.     

Extraction rights allocation with liquidity constraints

We study the optimal allocation of a resource in a second-best world in which parties may be liquidity-constrained due to credit frictions and capital market imperfections. In this setting, common to various natural resource industries, agents are unable to bid more than their budget regardless of their valuation. While auction markets are widely used mechanisms for allocating natural resource extraction rights and conservation contracts, we show that in these circumstances the competitive market –which allocates items based on rank order of bids– fails to achieve the first-best allocation. The market outcome is welfare-dominated by a hybrid mechanism consisting of random assignment followed by resale in a secondary market. Via the initial lottery, the hybrid-mechanism allocates the items with positive probability to high-valuation low-wealth individuals who would not have been able to afford them in a competitive market. High-valuation high-wealth agents, on the other hand, acquire the items in the secondary market if they do not receive them in the initial lottery. Therefore, equity in the allocation of access to the resource may be justified not only by distributional concerns but also by economic efficiency. We illustrate our model using data from buybacks of harvesting rights in the seafood industry.     

产品质量认证能否提高农户技术效率——基于山东、河北典型蔬菜种植区的证据

本文基于河北廊坊、山东寿光两地典型蔬菜种植区的1388份微观数据,利用超越对数随机前沿生产函数构建技术效率微观分析框架,在此基础上运用倾向得分匹配法构建反事实假设,估计三种不同类型的产品质量认证对农户技术效率的平均处理效应,并基于回归调整方法对产品质量认证影响农户技术效率的内部机制进行分解,评价产品质量认证对技术效率提升的具体作用路径。研究结果表明:有机农产品认证与绿色食品认证对农户技术效率具有显著的提升作用,农户的技术效率分别提高0.218和0.196;而无公害农产品认证没有显著提升农户的技术效率。考虑到某些不可观测的因素并采用稳健性估计后,该结论仍然稳健成立。此外,对效率增长的分解结果显示,有机农产品认证和绿色食品认证对技术效率的提升作用按贡献率大小依次来源于溢价激励的提升、成本压力的作用、组织支持的增强。     

中国证券公司内部治理影响公司经营效率的实证分析

通过实证分析中国证券公司内部治理对公司经营效率的影响表明:中国证券公司股权集中度与公司经营效率呈显著正相关关系;股权制衡度对公司经营效率的影响不显著;国有控股性质有助于提高公司经营效率;中国证券公司的董事会规模、独立董事比例与公司经营效率呈显著负相关关系;董事长与总经理的两职分离有利于提高公司经营效率;监事会规模、监事会独立性与公司经营效率负相关,但均在统计上不显著;中国证券公司管理层规模、管理层报酬与公司经营效率呈显著正相关关系。     

发展中国家的金融体系问题研究:基于法律制度的视角

与发达国家相比,发展中国家的金融体系存在巨大的缺陷,但是发展中国家的金融体系发展程度也是不同的。为了提高发展中国家的金融体系效率,我们需要找出影响发展中国家金融体系效率背后的其他因素,比如在殖民统治期间形成现在仍有国家在遵守的法律制度。本文通过分组的t检验分析发现,法律制度是一个影响金融体系效率的关键因素。     

长三角地区银行中介发展：特征与态势

银行中介在长三角地区金融体系中居主导地位,其发展规模总的来看领先于全国其他地区,但在区域内也呈现出较严重的非平衡性。长三角地区银行业市场结构与全国其他地区相比并不存在明显差异,但其信贷配置市场化程度居于全国前列。部分得益于区域良好的法治水平,长三角地区银行中介具有较高的效率。