农地流转对土地使用权分配的影响研究

本文利用2006年中国综合社会调查问卷中的农户数据分析了农地流转对土地使用权分配的影响。通过计算农地流转前后的土地分配基尼系数,测度了农地流转影响土地使用权分配的结果,研究显示:农地流转促进了土地使用权的集中,但集中的速度并不快,各区域之间存在差异。在市场化农地流转中,土地较少而又贫穷的农民缺乏能力和优势转入土地,导致土地使用权集中。农地流转难以解决公平问题,农民获取土地仍然主要依靠村组集体的初次分配和二次调整。在符合农民认同、规则明确稳定的条件下,村组内部的土地调整能做到公平与效率相容。因此,村庄集体需要积极培育民主、发展农民自治组织;基层政府需要抑制自己调整土地的冲动,同时在一定程度上认同、支持和监督村组内部的土地调整。     

新加坡实施以知识为基础、创新为驱动的国家战略

本文描述了新加坡建设以知识为基础、创新为驱动国家所做的努力,尤其是受世界金融危机冲击的2010年间所出台的重大举措。在第四个科技五年计划结束、第五个科技五年计划即将启动的关键时刻,新加坡总结了前五年推动科技进步的成就,决定采取增加R＆D投入,到2015年把新加坡R＆D总支出提高到占GDP的3．5％等综合措施,并继续强力推行国家研究一创新一创业战略。     

私募股权投资与公司价值相关性的实证研究——来自中小板上市公司的经验证据

私募股权投资不仅是企业筹集股权资金的一种融资方式,还能优化企业法人治理结构,对经理人实施激励约束作用,进而增加企业价值,改善企业经营绩效。本文选取深交所中小企业板块的233户上市公司为研究样本,实证研究发现:在控制了公司规模和财务杠杆度后,私募股权投资与公司价值和公司经营绩效呈显著的正相关关系。     

Environment versus growth — A criticism of “degrowth” and a plea for “a-growth”

In recent debates on environmental problems and policies, the strategy of “degrowth” has appeared as an alternative to the paradigm of economic growth. This new notion is critically evaluated by considering five common interpretations of it. One conclusion is that these multiple interpretations make it an ambiguous and rather confusing concept. Another is that degrowth may not be an effective, let alone an efficient strategy to reduce environmental pressure. It is subsequently argued that “a-growth,” i.e. being indifferent about growth, is a more logical social aim to substitute for the current goal of economic growth, given that GDP (per capita) is a very imperfect indicator of social welfare. In addition, focusing ex ante on public policy is considered to be a strategy which ultimately is more likely to obtain the necessary democratic-political support than an ex ante, explicit degrowth strategy. In line with this, a policy package is proposed which consists of six elements, some of which relate to concerns raised by degrowth supporters.     

Trust, reputation and relationships in grazing rights markets: An experimental economic study

Trust is frequently a requirement for economic exchanges and the management of natural resources. Providing public information on past actions can promote trust through the formation of reputations. We developed an economic experiment to test whether a formal reputation mechanism could facilitate trusting relationships in the tradable grazing rights markets. Providing information to create formal public reputations for market participants did not increase the overall efficiency of the market. However, it did result in greater equality of income between partners, suggesting that participants showed more concern for their partners when they knew they would be rated. Even with public reputation information, bilateral relationships remained central to the market. Market failures in existing grazing rights markets may be better addressed by measures to increase communication between partners rather than simply relying on a formal reputation mechanism.     

Creating legitimacy in global private governance: The case of the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil

This article suggests that understanding legitimization processes of private governance initiatives requires a multi-dimensional approach. This suggestion has been operationalized in three aspects that can be used to better understand such processes: legality, moral justifications, and consent/acceptance. These aspects are based on different theoretical traditions and are applied in an analysis of the process of creating legitimacy of the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO). This empirical research reveals the characteristics of the legitimization process of the RSPO and shows the value of a multi-dimensional approach. The three perspectives complement each other and deepen our insights in legitimization processes by revealing tensions and trade-offs in the different ways in which non-state market driven governance arrangements can create legitimacy.     

企业年金基金管理费模型的优化选择

在分析现有模型基础上研究并设计适合企业年金的管理费优化模型,该模型更加注重基金资产的安全性,解决了目前企业年金基金管理中的风险不对等问题,基金管理人将更加注重企业年金追求本金安全及长期稳健增值的目标,使企业年金资产的安全性得到较大保障,该模型亦可推广到所有追求长期安全增值以绝对收益为目标的基金使用。     

Financial development and private investment in Sub-Saharan Africa

This study examines the relationship between financial sector development and private investment in Sub-Saharan Africa. It uses panel data covering the period 1991-2004 from 18 countries in Africa. The main findings of the study are as follows: there is a negative relationship between interest rate and private investment, signaling large interest rate spreads in African economies. It is also found that both the credit to the private sector and the turnover ratio have significant relationships with private investment. However, the effect of turnover ratio on investment is insignificant. The insignificance of the stock market indicator reflects the low stage of stock market development in most of the African economies. In addition, it is found that the informal sector is still large and has positive effects on private investment and that institutional variables play a key role in determining the level of private investment in Africa.     

外资并购与民营并购绩效的比较研究——基于1995-2009年经验数据

跨国并购作为国际直接投资的高级形态,已成为国际资本流动的主要形式。文章以外资和民营并购我国上市公司为研究样本,对两种并购方式下目标公司长期和短期市场绩效进行了比较检验。研究结果显示:外资并购短期绩效显著高于民营并购短期绩效,外资并购长期绩效显著低于民营并购长期绩效。该结果说明:短期内由于外资享有我国社会的普遍优惠政策,资本市场对外资并购反应比民营并购更加正面,但从长期来看,外资并购并不必然带来先进的科学技术、公司治理和管理水平,外资并购实际运作效果并不优于民营并购。