环境体系中元素形态监测分析与生物有效性

从元素形态分析的概念、意义、方法及具体形态的生物有效性等方面总结概括了近年来元素形态分析和生物有效性的发展情况，说明了元素形态的分析及其生物有效性的发展对环境和生物的重要作用。     

阅读测试效度浅析

阅读测试效度是以语言学习，语言教学和语言测试的研究为基础的。它包含阅读过程和阅读技巧，涉及测试目的以及所学专业知识；它包括选择相关并合适的材料，设计出合适的测试项目而又不影响被试者的阅读能力；它还要考虑题的难度和干扰项等因素。     

Divergent and Convergent Idea Generation in Teams: A Comparison of Computer-Mediated and Face-to-Face Communication

Many tasks and decisions in business, including management consulting, are performed in group settings. Computer-mediated communication (CMC) tools (e.g., Lotus Notes) are increasingly being used by businesses to support teams in a variety of settings. Considerable research in information systems has demonstrated the advantages of electronic brainstorming (EBS) for generic tasks involving only divergent thinking. However, it is unclear whether the benefits of CMC extend to tasks that require both divergent and convergent processes. Per task–technology fit theory (TTF) (Zigurs and Buckland 1998), the use of computer-based group communication support tools, including chat systems in wide-spread use today, may be less effective for convergent processes than for divergent processes. This study experimentally compares the performance of computer-mediated and face-to-face (FTF) teams on tasks requiring both divergent and convergent processes. Consistent with theoretical predictions, the results revealed that computer-mediated teams outperformed FTF teams in the divergent aspects of the tasks, while FTF teams outperformed computer-mediated teams in the convergent aspects of the tasks.     

Online Price Search: Impact of Price Comparison Sites on Offline Price Evaluations

Consumers increasingly rely on Internet price comparison sites (PCS) to gain knowledge about the market. The prices generated by a PCS search can act as contextual reference prices and influence the attractiveness of prices encountered later as consumers shop offline at local stores. This paper demonstrates that both PCS retailer ratings and the shape of the PCS price distribution influence the impact of PCS search results on later price evaluations. A favorable PCS retailer rating increases the perceived validity of the price associated with that retailer, enhancing the impact of that PCS price on offline price evaluations (Study 1). The shape of the PCS price distribution can also influence later price evaluations, however this effect depends on the information provided by the PCS retailer ratings. When PCS retailer ratings are similar, implying similar validity for the associated prices, low PCS prices and those appearing more frequently in the PCS price distribution have more impact (Studies 2 and 3). When PCS retailer ratings are variable (some high and some low), the PCS price distribution effect occurs only when the PCS retailer ratings provide congruent information about price validity — that is, the most frequent price is offered by retailers with more favorable ratings. Study 3 shows that price validity inferences do mediate this result. Finally, we depart from the offline shopping context to show that when consumers choose a retailer directly from the PCS search results, the effect of PCS retailer ratings is stronger for high-priced retailers and for consumers who rely less on the retailer price as a heuristic to infer retailer service level. Based on our findings we offer insights for online and offline retailers when considering strategic responses, such as price matching guarantees.     

Experimental analysis of choice

Experimental choice analysis continues to attract academic and applied attention. We review what is known about the design, conduct, analysis, and use of data from choice experiments, and indicate gaps in current knowledge that should be addressed in future research. Design strategies consistent with probabilistic models of choice process and the parallels between choice experiments and real markets are considered. Additionally, we address the issues of reliability and validity. Progress has been made in accounting for differences in reliability, but more research is needed to determine which experiments and response procedures will consistently produce more reliable data for various problems.Sawtooth SoftwareDecision Research     

营销情境中的心理契约及其测量

心理契约发轫于组织行为学研究，但心理契约在企业与顾客的营销情境中同样存在。在文献回顾基础上，本文将心理契约应用到营销情境中，界定了特定的概念内涵，开发设计了相应的测度量表，并通过调查数据分析，对量表的信度与效度进行了实证检验。     

国民快乐指数调查量表设计的理论机理、结构与测量学特性分析

文章在汲取国内外快乐指数、快乐感、主观幸福感研究的基础上，设计了基于主客观统一性与“主体-环境”整体联系性的快乐指数调查表，并运用心理学、社会学的相关附加量表进行辅助解释。从对1189份有效问卷的分析中得到验证，本快乐指数调查表具有优良的效度，有进一步推广应用于国民快乐（幸福）指数核算的实际价值。     

Validating new product creativity in the eastern context of Malaysia

This paper examines the etic vs. emic nature of the new product creativity (NPC) construct often used in the strategic marketing and management literatures. The current study compares the NPC measure developed by Im and Workman (2004) in the West in an Eastern context by utilizing data from 172 Malaysian companies. The results show that NPC, which is the combination of new product (NP) novelty and NP meaningfulness, has a different connotation in Malaysia. The findings demonstrate that from the novelty perspective NPC is an emic phenomenon. After the construct validation process, the Western claim that NPC is a seed of firm performance is tested. The results verify NPC's relationship with NP performance as a source of competitive advantage for Malaysian firms and thus suggest that this relationship is etic in nature. These findings have significant implications for firms' global innovation strategies.     

Are we overconfident in executive overconfidence research? An examination of the convergent and content validity of extant unobtrusive measures

Building understanding of overconfident executives is central to a growing literature that spans a number of disciplines. Much of this research has utilized unobtrusive, or indirect, measures to assess executive overconfidence from secondary data sources. We analyze the convergent and content validity of seven extant unobtrusive measures of executive overconfidence. The results of our analyses indicate that these measures do not exhibit adequate convergence, suggesting that existing measures are not measuring the same construct. Further, we administer a sort task to academic colleagues to assess whether scholars believe that the seven measures are adequately assessing the intended construct. The results of our sort task indicate that scholars did not categorize any of the seven measures as sufficient for measuring overconfidence. We conclude with suggestions for future research to address the inadequate convergent and content validity found in our assessment of extant measures of executive overconfidence.     

实施转融通制度提高了我国证券市场质量吗？——运用双重差分模型对沪深股市的实证分析

以50种纳入转融通标的证券的股票构造处理组,以50种纳入融资融券标的证券但未纳入转融通标的证券的股票构造控制组,利用转融通制度实施前后各10个交易月份的数据,采用双重差分模型研究转融通制度的实施对证券市场流动性、波动性、有效性等市场质量的净影响,得到的可靠结论是：转融通制度在一定程度上提高了证券市场的流动性,显著抑制了证券市场的波动性,显著提高了证券市场的有效性,总体上改善了证券市场质量。监管者应进一步拓宽转融通标的证券的范围,增加转融通标的证券的数量,并对证券进入转融通标的证券之前和之后进行区别对待;交易者在确定交易策略时也应做出正确选择。